Circuit Structure And Diagram

S5.1 Circuit Diagram
S5.2
Output impedance of the function generator, RS = 50Ω
Input impedance of the oscilloscope, RL = 1 MΩ
S5.3
Cut off frequency, fc = 10 kHz
S5.4
The cut-off frequency of the filter in question is 10 kHz and is given by the equation
f c= 1
2 π Req C
Req takes into account both the source and load resistance. If the value of capacitance (C) is
chosen to be C=0.01 μF, the resistance is approximately
Req = 1
2 π f c C ≅1.591 k Ω
Thus,
Capacitor, C =0.33 F
Resistance, R ≅1.591 kΩ

S5.5
Find an attached file of the RC circuit as built in multism
S5.6
The preferred standard manufactured values for the capacitor and the resistor are:
Capacitor, C = (10 + 000 +/- 5%) pF = 0.01∓5 % μ F
Resistance, R ≅16 x 102 ∓ 5 % Ω=1.6 ∓ 5 % k Ω
S5.7
Frequency,f
(kHz)
I/P
Volts
Vi
O/P Volts
Vo
Gain G 20 log10 ( V O
V i ) =GdB Phase
∅O
0.1 0.2 0.2 1 0 -0.85
0.5 0.8 0.8 1 0 -2.97
0.8 1 1 1 0 -4.74
1 1.1 1.1 1 0 -5.94
2 1.5 1.5 1 0 -11.7
4 1.8 1.66 0.9222 -0.70329 -22.5
6 2.2 1.87 0.85 -1.41162 -31.9
8 2.4 1.84 0.7667 -2.30787 -39.6
10 3 2.08 0.6933 -3.18116 -46
20 3.2 1.39 0.4344 -7.2427 -64.2
40 4 0.94 0.235 -12.5786 -76.4
50 4.5 0.85 0.1889 -14.4759 -79
90 5 0.54 0.108 -19.3315 -83.9

S5.8 & S5.9

S5.10 Graph Measurements:
S5.10.1 The cut-off frequency is 10 kHz (as indicated on the graphical plots)
f c
actual=10 kHz
S5.10.2 The per decade slope of the gain magnitude is -20dB/decade (as indicated on the
graphical plots)
Sactual
decade =−20 dB /decade
S5.10.3 The per octave slope of the gain magnitude is -6dB/octave (as indicated on the graphical
plots)
Sactual
octave =−6 dB /octave
S5.10.4 The pass band phase is between 0 to -45o (as indicated on the graphical plots). In
radians,
−1
4 π ≤ θactual
pass ≤ 0
S5.10.5 The stop band phase is between -45o to -90o (as indicated on the graphical plots). In
radians,
−π
2 ≤θactual
stop ≤− 1
4 π
S5.10.6 The phase in radians at the cut-off frequency is obtained from the graph as -45o. In
radians,
θactual
cutoff =−45
180 π =−1
4 π rads
S5.10.7 The cut-off frequency obtained from the graph is 10 kHz and that in design specification
is 10 kHz. Therefore the fractional difference is zero i.e.
Ef =0