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Civil Engineering Technology - Assignment
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Added on 2021-01-01
Civil Engineering Technology - Assignment
Added on 2021-01-01
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CIVIL ENGINEERINGTECHNOLOGY
Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1a) Various types of earthworks, equipment and techniques........................................................1b) Methods for complex foundation, piling and drainage works................................................1c) Methods and techniques used in culverts and underpass........................................................2d)Methods used in construction of deep excavation and earthworks operations........................2e) Techniques used in slope stability .........................................................................................3TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4(a) Explain risk, hazards and safety plan for civil engineering...................................................4(b) Risk assessments and safety plan..........................................................................................4(c) Health and safety legislations and code of ethics..................................................................5(d) Justification of safety and risk assessments and method statements.....................................6TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7(a)Explore and evaluate the environmental, quality, geotechnical and economic contests of acivil engineering problem...........................................................................................................7Propose and explore a viable solution to this problem...............................................................8(b) Proposal to address the identified problem...........................................................................9TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9(a) Describe methods and techniques used in highway design...................................................9Proposal for the new infrastructure access for the project........................................................10(b) Methods and techniques......................................................................................................10CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12
INTRODUCTIONConstruction engineering technology is very important for construction industry as itmakes the work of labours easier in building construction. This report highlights the varioustypes of earthworks and equipments required for the initial phase constructing school in SouthEngland. It shows methods and techniques to design complex foundations, culverts andunderpasses for the infrastructure. The scenario includes office blocks in the industrial parkwhich has deep basements and methods used for earth moving operations and slope stability inthe industrial park area.TASK 1a) Various types of earthworks, equipment and techniques.From the above scenario it shows what are the various types of earthworks, equipmentsand techniques would use to build industrial complex (1 km by 1 km) near parallel expresswaymain road for the long term in part of South England. To build an industrial complex the willrequire a lot of earthworks techniques and equipments.Types of earthworks are topsoil excavation, earth excavation, rock excavation, muckexcavation- this usually contains excess water and unsuitable soil. The above scenario willrequire all of this excavation as the site is separated from one of the express main road by a largeflowing river.There are various methods to carried out the excavation such as average method, boxmethod and section method (Kieran and Timberlake, 2004). The block method is very easy tocalculate the area, Block method resets the volume when both cutting and filling are on the sameblock. Usually used to find the volume of project orientation before building construction.Usually, heavy construction equipment is used because of the amount of material being moved -up to millions of cubic meters. Various types of equipment such as bulldozers, trenches areneeded to complete this excavation. Excavators can be used on wheels or stairs and are mainlyused to remove dirt or lift heavy equipment.b) Methods for complex foundation, piling and drainage works.For constructing the industrial complex it will require a complex foundation. Thefoundations are generally of two types shallow and deep foundation. The shallow foundations areused for small and light buildings whereas deep foundations are used for large and heavybuildings. From the above scenario to build industrial complex it will require deep foundation tomaintain the stability of structures.Piling works: In deep foundation, piling works are done with a long cylinder of a strong materiallike concrete so that structure can be stiff enough to be support the load imposed and piling isessential technique that is used in deep foundation for any type of construction works (Piling -What Exactly is Piling, 2018).
Drainage works: Methods for drainage works in construction of building are point drainage andchannel drainage. Point drainage, which collects water in the gutter (point) and are connected tounderground drainage pipes, and deep trenches are needed to simplify this system. Channeldrainage that cross water throughout the canal cycle. Sewer drainage is usually made of concrete,steel, polymers or composite materials. c) Methods and techniques used in culverts and underpass.As from the above scenario the design of complex infrastructure includes culverts andunderpasses (Paulson Jr, 1994). Culverts can be made from various materials, including cast orcomposite concrete. There are two methods used in culverts such as Low gradient: No slope, tailwater control• Size of drain pipe - Hydrology and Hydraulics, Opening width> Bank zone width• There is usually no material placed in culvert• The plate is fixed with flow controlHigh gradient: Stream simulation• Opening width> Bank zone width• Natural channels in the waterfall• Skip all water species and stages of lifeUnderpasses are located on roads or waterways and can be open structures, such asoverbridges or underbridges. They include methods such as:• Foundation construction• Abutment, pier and wall construction• Deck construction• Finishes The utilities which are used in construction of culverts and underpasses are concrete,galvanized steel, aluminium or PVC and skilled labours depending upon the project policy.d)Methods used in construction of deep excavation and earthworks operations.As from above scenario some of office blocks has deep basements. An earthmovingoperation consists of preparing materials, loading trucks, transporting trucks to the disposal site,storing material and returning the truck to the loading station to start another loading cycle. The first excavation method is to use a variety of excavators, wheel loaders and heavyequipment to prepare, lift, load and transport land.
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