Question & Answers on Civil Laws

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Running head: CIVIL LAW
CIVIL LAW
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Question 1
There are several administrative tribunals, which have been covered an extensive range
of regions affecting everyday life. These tribunal systems in the jurisdiction of the UK, as well as
England and Wales in one of the part of such administrative justice in the national system (Nason
2015). It has been classified as the Non-departmental Public Bodies (NDPB). The tribunals have
operated various formal processes for adjudicating the issues in the same way as the courts do.
However, it has several procedures and rules and only works in a specific area and types of
disputes. There are several administrative tribunals such as the office of the adjudicators of such
Fair Trading, Employment tribunal, Panel of Gender Recognition, the Company Name Tribunal
and many others (Heald and Steel 2018). The Tribunals Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 has
created a fresh, unified structure for the administrative tribunals and has recognized the lawfully
qualified members for such tribunals as the members of the Judiciary system of the UK.
Some of the administrative tribunals have been administrated through such local
authorities, as well as some others have been administrated by the government departments and
Her Majesty’s Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS), which is a body of such Ministry of
Justice. HMCTS, as administered a two-tire administrative system, such as the first-tire tribunal
and second is the Upper Tribunal. These both administration tribunals are fragmented into the
chambers (Tomlinson and Karemba 2019). The Supreme Court has set the characteristics of such
administrative tribunals. Firstly, any statue should have originated the administrative tribunals.
Secondly, it should possess some elements of the court, but not every aspect may be fit for such
administrative tribunals. Thirdly, the state has granted the judicial powers to the administrative
tribunals and these state governments have allowed it for undertaking such judicial, as well as

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quasi-judicial roles (Martin 2017). The administrative tribunals have the power similar to the
court, when it has come for the procedural matters, as examples, administering such oath, or
serving summons to the witnesses. This administrative tribunal has not held within the strict
rules and regulations of such method and the evidence. The administrative tribunals of England
and Wales are independent in their work, and it should not have interfered in the other
government organizations as they have been executed their own judicial, as well as quasi-judicial
roles as their functions. The parties to any dispute have the right to appeal for a matter regarding
the question of law from such First-tire tribunal to the Upper tribunal. For some limited
jurisdiction, the parties to the dispute can go the Upper tribunal for such judicial review. The
decision-making procedures of such administrative tribunals may be relatively assorted. It has
resembled such procedures, which should resemble those issues arising from the question of laws
in the court of law, legislative rules and the common law regarding the proceeding of the courts,
which will not relate to the administrative tribunals directly.
Two strengths of the Administrative tribunals in the territory of England and Wales are
discussed here. The recent reforms of the administrative tribunals have approved such
progression in the tendency to such judiciaries, as well as systematise the role and structure of
the tribunals. The most important strengths of the administrative tribunals are the longstanding
informalities, which has been seen to characterise, especially in the field of welfare that may be
replaced increasingly by the mere formal approaches (Brants and Field 2016). However, it may
be posed such potential issue for several impecunious, and the merely educated litigants, who
have been traditionally appeared without any preparation of the professional representation. The
other strength of such administrative tribunals that the parties to the litigations should be entitled
the legal aid, as well as an authorised representative. The parties may have entitled to such free