Cleanaway Waste Limited | Desklib

Cleanaway Waste Limited is an Australian company providing waste management, industrial and environmental services. They offer solid waste services, liquids and health services, and industrial services. The company applies positive accounting theory in its operations and uses emerging trends to develop policies. The PESTEL analysis of Cleanaway Waste Management Limited is also discussed. The company uses both positive and normative accounting theories.

Running head: CLEANAWAY WASTE LIMITED
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Cleanaway Waste Limited
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation

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Table of Contents
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................3
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Services the Company Offers..........................................................................................................3
Cleanaway Limited PESTEL Analysis............................................................................................5
Positive Accounting Theory..........................................................................................................11
Normative accounting Theory.......................................................................................................11
Analysis of Cleanaway Waste Management Company.................................................................12
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................13
References......................................................................................................................................14

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Executive Summary
Cleanaway Waste Limited was started in 1970 as Brambles Industries Limited but later
registered in 1975 as Cleanaway Waste Limited. The company has operated for more than five
decades delivering various types of services that support Australian industry, business,
government, communities, and households. The company provides services such as liquids and
health services, solid waste services, as well as industrial services. Cleanaway Waste
Management Limited being a current company competing with other related service providers,
the company applies the positive accounting theory in its operations. The company uses the
emerging trends in the industry to come up with measures that help develop the policies which
can solve the current challenges.
Introduction
Cleanaway Waste Limited being an award-winning Australian company dealing with
waste management, industrial and environmental services company. The company was started in
1970 as Brambles Industries Limited but later registered in 1975 as Cleanaway Waste Limited.
The company has operated for more than five decades delivering various types of services that
support Australian industry, business, government, communities, and households. The company
is listed among the top 100 best-performing companies in Australia, boasts of employing more
than 5500 individuals and has improved their relevance and presence by acquiring Toxfree and
Daniels Health.

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Services the Company Offers
The company operates from more than 250 locations around Australia facilitated by a
well-organized system of recycling facilities, transfer stations, engineered landfills, liquid
treatment plants, and refineries. The company's mission is to make sustainable future possible.
Cleanaway Company works best to transform every type of waste into valuable commodities in
whichever sector, industry or community the waste may be from (Carr & Lorenz 2014).
Cleanaway Waste Limited carries out its operations in three segments as illustrated below.
Solid Waste Services
The company operates state-based Solid Waste Services that serves more than 88
municipalities and over 140, 000 businesses in Australia. The services include resource recovery
and facilities that treat the waste after collection across the country.
Liquids & Health
Cleanaway Waste Limited operates one of the largest hydrocarbons recycling plants in
the country. Currently, the company leads the industry by processing more than 140 liters of
mineral oil, and more than 680 liters of both hazardous and nonhazardous liquids; these
achievements have made the company be considered the overall leader in liquids market. The
operations of the company in liquid treatment have been boosted by the fact that they acquired
Daniels Health allowing them to handle all wastes from healthcare facilities.
Industrial Services
Cleanaway Limited Company also offers industrial services. In this category of the
company's operations, the company carries out both plant and asset management to help reduce

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inconveniences during the production process. Cleanaway Limited tries to increase efficiency in
production by reducing overdependence on labor, production downtime, and unplanned system
breakdowns. While doing all the above-mentioned operations, the company educates the
community on why and how to comply with the environmental policies and the requirements of
the OHS. According to the company's officials, the main difference between Cleanaway and
other related service providers is the presence of a dedicated and internally trained team of
experts who deliver customized services to the customers according to their needs. The
company believes in nurturing talents through robust training hence delivering all-around
workforces in accordance with the Reconciliation Action Plan and offering same employment
opportunity to all qualified applicants as prescribed in employment policies. The company
officials reiterate that the company culture is built on sustainability and this belief has enabled
the company to find alternative valuable commodities made from wastes.
Cleanaway Limited PESTEL Analysis
Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental & Legal (PESTEL) analysis
of Cleanaway Waste Management Limited intends to analyze the external factors that influence
the company and the company has little or control over them (Oesterreich & Teuteberg 2016).
Changes in these macro-environment factors can influence the company directly or indirectly
through other players in the industry. These external factors can influence the company’s
competitive advantage and profitability even when other factors are held constant.
Political Factors
Cleanaway Waste Management Limited is multinational corporations that operate in
various countries in the world; the company is exposed to various political environments. The

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company, therefore, takes into consideration some political factors before investing or coming
into partnership with any foreign company or country. Such factors include political stability,
level of corruption, legal structure, trade regulations and tariffs, taxation system, pricing
regulations, and employee benefits in the country (Larrimore, Burkhauser, & Armour 2015). The
company operates its businesses and marketing strategies by following various levels of laws
such as the company's internal principles, current industry laws in a given country, human rights
guidelines and international laws.
The combination of the mentioned laws and policies help the company provides products
safe for consumer use; make sure the products are used for the intended use. The company uses
the laws to guide its marketing strategies in terms advertisement and labeling; the information
given to the public users must be honest and not misleading with correct labeling on the product
storage containers. Other international regulatory bodies that govern the operations of Cleanaway
Waste Management Company include Human Rights bodies and data protection and anti-trust
legislation. The laws and regulations help control the company's business processes such as
production process, marketing process, and sales and after-sales services.
Economical Factors
The economic factors that influence the business operations of the Cleanaway Waste
Management Company can be grouped into two categories namely macro and microeconomic
factors. The macroeconomic factors have large-scale influence and in most cases beyond the
control of the company. These factors include the national and global economic factors that
prevail in the country where the company operates, and they include inflation rate, foreign
exchange rate, interest rates, and economic cycles. Macroeconomic factors have overall control

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over the aggregate demand of products in a given market which in turn controls the investments
and supply. One such macroeconomic factor was the financial crisis that hit Europe, America,
and China in 2009 (Larrimore, Burkhauser, & Armour 2015). It is reported that most
multinational businesses like Cleanaway Waste Management Limited faced harsh market
conditions and their turnover feels by 2% during that period mostly in the Chinese market.
The microeconomic factors that control the operations of Cleanaway Waste Management
Company include the nature and level of competition it faces in a given country or market. It is
very normal for countries to protect local companies from multinational corporations like
Cleanaway Waste Management Company and this affects the competitive advantage in the
market. Cleanaway Waste Management Company researches some market indicators such as the
personal product industry growth and consumer spending in a market before investing and uses
the information to forecast the viability of investing in the country. Other areas of study that
Cleanaway Waste Management Company focuses on before joining a particular market include
the type and stability of the prevailing economic system, consumer education level, labor cost
and productivity, skill of the available workforce, and comparative advantages in the country.
Social Factors
Cleanaway Waste Management Company employs more than 5500 people and serves a
population of several million people in the world from different countries bearing different
backgrounds and cultural practices. The cultural practices in the country the company operates to
influence the operations such as the type of products used and the marketing strategies employed
during the advertisement. The shared beliefs and attitudes affect the way consumer behavior in a
given market and the marketers at Cleanaway Waste Management Company take them into

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considerations when approaching the market. According to the Cleanaway Waste Management
Limited goals, the company aims at improving the living standards of more than one billion
people worldwide through various incentives and corporate social responsibility.
In trying to achieve its goals, the company management considers the following social
factors before investing in any country. Level of knowledge and skills, cultural practices,
aggressiveness, and entrepreneurial spirits among the members of the society, and what the
population does during leisure time. These factors are believed to enable the company design and
market products that best suit the society.
Technological
Technological changes are some of the factors that disrupt the operations of businesses
including Cleanaway Waste Management Company. These changes in technology range from
methods used in the production process, storage, marketing processes and transportation of final
products (Loyarte et al. 2015). Cleanaway Waste Management Company takes note the rate at
which technology changes given that if the company falls behind then, the competitors may take
advantage and push it out of the market. The company has in the past used technology in its
Chinese branch to solve a storage challenge.
Cleanaway Waste Management Limited Australia being one of the largest corporate
companies in the region, serving over 250 different locations, has experienced high demand for
its services due to customer loyalty in the market. The high demand resulted in scarcity problems
in some of its operational areas in Australia resulting from lack of enough skilled labor and
picking efficiency (Rajagopalan & Kelley 2017). An improvement in technology and adoption of
equipped machinery system helped solve the problem by literally increasing working capacity

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and making dropping and picking of workers and equipment faster in the areas of operation.
Other areas Cleanaway Waste Management Company is believed to have invested a lot of
technology include the acquisition of state of the art recycling facilities to handle hazardous
wastes and net customers in the in related industries.
Generally, before the Cleanaway Waste Management Company enters any market, the
company researches the technological state of the market. Some of the factors considered include
the technological developments employed by the competitors, the rate of diffusion of technology
in the area, cost of implementing the technology, and the impacts of that technology in the
improvement of personal product industry.
Environmental Factors
Multinational companies like Cleanaway Waste Management Company operate in
countries with different environmental laws and policies that affect the company’s profitability in
those markets. For instance, the environmental policies employed different municipalities in
Australia may vary from one another. The Unilever Company has reacted to these
environmental laws and policies by designing the Environmental Management system according
to the guidelines of ISO 14001. This system helps the company in meeting the consumer needs
by considering the environmental impacts of the process. The company employs various risk
assessment methods to make sure both consumers and the environments are safe. These methods
include consumer and occupational safety, environmental safety, non-animal testing in
partnership with other scientists globally (Rajagopalan & Kelley 2017). Cleanaway Waste
Management Company launched the Sustainable Living Plan to improve service and service
delivery through reduced environmental and social impact. According to information from the

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company’s website, this initiative has seen the company reduce the production of by-products
that may be harmful to the environment.
Cleanaway Waste Management Limited generally considers the following environmental
factors before venturing into any market; weather and climate change, the possibility of
recycling, prevailing environmental policies, public attitude and knowledge regarding
environmental policies, and the endangered species in the area.
Legal Factors
It should be noted that Cleanaway Waste Management Company operates in various
municipalities some of which may not have a robust legal framework and institutions to protect
the legal affairs of the company. It is in this spirit that such a company designs an internal legal
structure that controls some of the company's affairs (Rajagopalan & Kelley 2017). The company
has designed policies that bar shareholders from exchanging shares of one brand company for the
other brand company. Apart from this policy, the company has other internal regulations such as
the foundation agreement, the equalization agreement, and the agreement for mutual guarantees
of borrowing.
Cleanaway Waste Management Company also considers some general laws before
joining any market. These laws may include labor laws, intellectual property laws, data
protection laws, discrimination laws, and consumer protection laws. The company tries to follow
laws and regulations set both internally and externally through the various departments.
Accounting being department dealing with finances, it gives managers and investors a
standardized structure of presenting the company’s finances in a transparent, consistent, and
informative way (Hausken 2018). The accounting systems used today result from theories that

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are carefully implemented thereby representing the performance of the company’s finances in the
most accurate and less costly as possible. The two main theories include positive and normative
accounting theories.
Positive Accounting Theory
This theory basically uses the data and trends used in companies today to predict how
such companies would handle transactions in the future. To do this, academics in this school of
thought view and see a company in terms of the contracts it enters into. From the theory, the
main factor that drives Cleanaway Waste Limited is the efficiency with which it does its
contracts and businesses (Blayney, Kalyuga, & Sweller 2015). Based on this factor, Cleanaway
Waste Limited try to minimize the cost of carrying out their contractual obligations. Based on
this understanding, positive accounting theory analyses real-life events in a company and uses
them to predict the future of the company. The prediction of the future of the company comes
from the consequences of how the company handles current transactions.
Normative accounting Theory
Accountants who share this school of theory believe in what should be done according to
basic accounting principles despite what is currently happening in the company, Cleanaway
Waste Limited included. This is the exact opposite of the beliefs shared by their counterparts in
the positive accounting theory. Logically, the main difference between normative and positive
accounting theories is the fact that normative takes a more deductive approach than positive
accounting theory (Atlas & Bartels 2018). Normative accounting theory begins with theory then
deduces to fundamental accounting policies. On the other hand, positive accounting theory

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commences at the basic accounting policies then makes a generalization on higher-level
accounting principles.
Analysis of Cleanaway Waste Management Company
Cleanaway Waste Management Company is a multinational company operating in
various municipalities with various locations, a SWOT analysis of the company illustrates the
strengths of the company that have kept it in the market for a long time and in many different
markets and countries (Ahmadi, Dileepan, & Wheatley 2016). The analysis helps in identifying
and understanding some of the strengths and challenges of the company and the external threats
that face the company. It is well understood that the company is strategically positioned to
address most of its challenges, but further research studies should enable it to improve its waste
management operations.
Strengths
The company’s strengths or internal strategic factors include the factors that help the
company succeed in its operations in the global market. These factors influence various sectors
in the company’s operations such as the production process, human resource management,
organizational structure, and the company’s investment depth. The Company’s specific strengths
include customer loyalty in the strong brands, economies of scale, the company’s presence in
almost all parts of Australia and the company’s ability to do perfect mixtures in its services.
Properly managed operations like distribution channels and flexible, competitive pricing to fit
any market helps the company succeed in any market. The company takes part in various social
corporate relations by organizing activities in the communities where it operates. All these

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advantages coupled with the perception of being a market leader help Cleanaway Waste
Management Company achieve extra miles in achieving its goals in customer satisfaction.
Weaknesses
Even though Cleanaway Waste Management Company stands in a position enabling it to
address most of its challenges, the company exhibits some weaknesses that limit its operations.
Some of these pressing challenges facing the company include the offering services that are
easily imitable. Some of the company's products are vulnerable to counterfeit production by
unscrupulous competitors.
Opportunities
The company is eying the growing demand for its services in various markets due to the
increase in population wastes release. Some of the growth opportunities include business
diversification by producing different products for different consumers. This helps the company
survive even when there are declines in other markets (Fourné, Jansen, & Mom 2014). Venturing
in health products like the acquisition of Toxfree and Daniels Health help the company increases
its profitability due to the growing nature of the health industry. The growing knowledge of
environmental issues can be an opportunity for the company by formulating products that
promote environmental preservation.
Conclusion
Cleanaway Waste Management Limited being a current company competing with other
related service providers, the company applies the positive accounting theory in its operations.

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The company uses the emerging trends in the industry to come up with measures that help
develop the policies which can solve the current challenges.

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References
Ahmadi, M., Dileepan, P., & Wheatley, K. K. (2016). A SWOT analysis of big data. Journal of
Education for Business, 91(5), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2016.1181045
Atlas, S. A., & Bartels, D. M. (2018). Periodic Pricing and Perceived Contract Benefits. Journal
of Consumer Research, 45(2), 350–364. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucx127
Blayney, P., Kalyuga, S., & Sweller, J. (2015). Using Cognitive Load Theory to Tailor
Instruction to Levels of Accounting Students’ Expertise. Journal of Educational
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Carr, C., & Lorenz, A. (2014). Robust strategies: lessons from GKN 1759–2013. Business
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ausken, K. (2018). Formalizing the Precautionary Principle Accounting for Strategic Interaction,
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Larrimore, J., Burkhauser, R. V., & Armour, P. (2015). Accounting for Income Changes over the
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