Analysis of Cloud Technologies: Issues, Solutions, and Evaluation

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This report delves into the evolving landscape of cloud technologies, examining the critical issues organizations face in providing scalable, flexible, and highly available computing resources. It explores the challenges related to data security, operational agility, and the need for cost-effective solutions. The report evaluates various technologies, including SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS, and their deployment models (public, private, community, and hybrid), to address these problems. It proposes and justifies solutions, emphasizing the benefits of cloud computing such as extensibility, security, and cost-effectiveness. The analysis includes the evolution of cloud computing from grid systems to current models, highlighting the advantages and applications across various industries. The report concludes with a critical evaluation of the proposed solutions, emphasizing the impact of cloud computing on IT strategies and business goals, while also acknowledging the challenges associated with its implementation.
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Introduction to Cloud
Technologies
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Issues faced by organisations in providing scalable, flexible, highly available computing
resources......................................................................................................................................1
Evaluate technologies that can address these problems ............................................................3
Propose and justify solutions using appropriate technologies ...................................................4
Critically evaluate the application of solutions using the technologies, to the problems ..........7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
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INTRODUCTION
There are phenomenal changes and growth can be seen in Computing services in recent
years. For many firms there was great requirement of such things to reduce their capital,
maintenance and operating cost. Moreover, they require more comfortability in dynamic scaling
and adopting new services without affecting the existing organizational structure. Though, IT
resources were there for managing the organizational work, however, after cloud computing they
were able to perform more better function and had improved performance. Many organization
have shifted from single operating system to cloud computing, as there are abundance of
resources which user can access as per his own wish. Cloud computing is the areas over internet
where real time services and solution are provided and consumed. From year 2012-2016, total
growth made for this things is around $238 Billion (Hwang, 2017). Following assignment is
about the issues and problem faced by organisations in maintaining and organizing their IT
resources. Further, guidance are provided for more flexibility, higher computing resources and
scalable services. Along with this, current technological issues that has raised has been
discussed. After that solution for using the appropriate technologies are evaluated and at last
solution are provided for those technologies.
Issues faced by organisations in providing scalable, flexible, highly available computing
resources.
Organization are facing various issues regarding saving and safe guarding the data. Many
organizations have paid more than billions so that they can store their private information of the
company and other personal details. In order to keep the organization up to date with changing
regulation, hardware, software and skill set they have to make changes. They require it so that
they can face the changing technologies so that organization can keep pace with its opponents
and can make progress. Further, organization have higher operational agility and needs to save
time in making the large investments. Using the technologies they wanted to grow further, and
wanted to use the user friendly application which can be easily used by the managers and other
higher members that wanted to access the data at any position and place. There are various issues
faced by the organization such as in maintaining data, providing higher flexibility, scalable
amount, and greater computing resources. Along with this, there is more requirement of security
which has been major concern for the organizations like IBM, Accenture, and CSC. Computer
Sciences Corporation was started in year 1959, and has made global presence in more than 60+
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counties. The firm is leading provider of IT services and provide solution for cloud computing.
According to IT professionals, there are 5 areas where these companies are more focusing, these
are enhancing and protecting business value, cybersecurity, data classification, data management
and mobile platforms and social media. There were issues due to which companies were unable
to develop their long-term strategy and were unable to align and integrate the IT risks. Now
firms contains lots of private data that they are unable to manage and strengthening the security
and privacy. Other problems such as organizing, managing and securing growing amounts
information was difficult to manage(Rittinghouse and Ransome, 2016) .
Cloud computing has three service models these are SaaS, PaaS and IaaS. SaaS stands for
Software as a service, where there is need of network, operating system and Software. However,
in PaaS, that is, Platform as Services requires operating system and network. IaaS, Infrastructure
as a service where only network is provided. The deployment of the cloud services can be based
on public, private, community and hybrid cloud which is also known as combined cloud
(Almorsy, Grundy and Müller, 2016) .
In organisations it is mostly used because it reduces the complexity of networks, there is
no need of software licence. It provides more customization than other available resources.
Further, it can provide more specialization into the areas that the firms wanted to develop or
evolve. There is no fear of losing any data and it is more efficient, reliable and scalable. There
are various application of it such as social networking sites, E-mail, search engines and many
more that are available at internet.
Evaluate technologies that can address these problems
In grid system there were many problems such as they were not reliable and does not
provide quality of services (Zhang, 2016). The main advantages that it provides over the grid
system is that it has technologies and tools to figure intensifier parallel applications with cheap
cost when compared to traditional parallel computing techniques. No other software and
hardware were able to provide the extensibility, security, cost effectiveness, collaboration, work
remotely or could keep centralized information. Moreover, there was need of self up gradation at
regular interval so that data can be protected and other devices can be restricted from accessing
it. Other than this, organization like CSC needs to provide the application, software or hardware
that can provide following characteristics, on demand self-services, broad network access,
resource pooling, rapid elasticity, measured service, dynamic computing infrastructure, IT
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service-centric approach, minimally or self-managed platform, consumption-based billing, multi
tenancy, managed metering (Yadav, and Doke, 2016). It also provides the services that are
internally and externally available to all the clients.
Firms required to integrate cloud computing into IT strategy and processes so that they their
improve their data and information governance programs. This all started from year 1961 where
only utility sharing was allowed. After that came the time sharing. In 2000, internet computing
was started which evolved to cloud computing. It provides faster data communication, reliable
computing, more storage at cheaper rate and newer Programming paradigms. In simple words it
is comprehensive computational resource sharing (Subramanyam and Raju, 2017). As now
almost every industries are using the cloud computing due to advantages provided by the
platform. This includes value to consumer, vendors, revenue and jobs. Moreover, it provides on-
demand self services, rapid elasticity, ubiquitous network access and independent location source
pooling. Other than this, using Cloud computing person can have advancement in processors,
automated management, distributed storage, virtualisation technology, broadband internet access
and faster and inexpensive servers. The service was started by Amazon in 2006, known as
Amazon Web Services. There are three main components in it, these are client computers,
distributed servers and data centre. Clients are the users that provides end interaction with cloud.
The central part is played by Data centres where various servers are collected and application are
placed and accessed using internet. One of the main advantages that is accessed using the cloud
computing is that person can access the data without having the physical presence there.
According the geographical areas the servers are placed at each location and whenever, they
need to access they can access the data at same time and position. Central servers acts as
monitoring traffic they ensure the clients demands are fulfilled and the system runs smoothly.
For this they use software known as Middleware that allows operating devices to make
communication between each other.
Moreover, those devices were unable to provide the broad network access, measured
services, on-demand self-services, resources planning, rapid elasticity and measured services.
Organization can provide their data to be accessed by private and public mode as per their
requirement. Cloud-based computational technology is one of the best technologies that help
people to overcome all the issues they face at the time of cloud based computing. In many
countries people are using cloud-based adaptation as there operational agile device and is
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considered by many CIO's and IT directors. Companies that are at small or large level both have
implemented cloud-based backup and recovery solutions. Among the advantages it also provide
up-front investment as-well-as roll up third-party expertise as part of the deal. Cloud computing
has made greater changes that have shifted the IT enterprises towards achieving their business
goals. Besides this, it is providing utmost customer satisfaction with very lower cost with respect
to infrastructure, platforms, and software perspectives. Using these organization can have high
technical potential along with internal and external firm's infrastructure and platforms
development. They are required to have more functionality provisioning/servicing that
completely relies on the customer expectation (Botta, and et. al., 2016) . As there are so much
benefit, today’s computation technology has observed greater shift of the companies from their
traditional IT infrastructure to cloud. Among the noteworthy benefits these are most common
that makes it greater than other software and hardware:
ï‚· It is cost saving and effective method of preserving the data.
ï‚· There is higher flexibility and person can have remote access to its work.
ï‚· The application has more resilience and offer services without redundancy.
ï‚· It is helpful in making the future proofing and morale boosting.
ï‚· Moreover, it reduces the IT cost which was very high. Moreover, there is very few energy
consumption cost and user can access the his or her data in fewer time delay.
Due to all these advantages, traditional IT technologies are being replaced by the cloud
computing. Further, justification are provided why this technology is most used.
Propose and justify solutions using appropriate technologies
In past as people have to use many software and hardware now technology has changed
and now people have to use the applications that are simple, cost effective and reliable so that
people can have trust over using them. Cloud computing is almost similar every field that most
of the organization require. It makes premise, scaling, and maintenance of all the avaliable apps
and servers a breeze. Individual can access the databases and servers quickly, and can run their
app using cloud computing within time limit. Along with this, with the aid of cloud computing
tools, tracking and monitoring can be easily done, it reduces the response time, and whenever
there is issues they provide warning so that changes can be made (Dave, Patel and Bhatt, 2016) .
However, there are challenges faced in cloud computing when it is about the business and its
facility.
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Extensibility – Cloud computing enables your organization to react more faster to the
needs of your business. It also facilitates a modification in the way a company operates by
offering them shared and virtual infrastructure that is easily expandable. It also allows the clients
to share the resources with other companies which in turn helps in reducing the costs that are
related to purchasing licensed software and servers
Security – Since your data is stored in the cloud, it provides you more security than your own
systems which can break/crash anytime due to n number of reasons. With cloud, you still have
the access to your data no matter what happens to your machine. And you can even remotely
wipe off the data from lost devices so it doesn’t get into the wrong hands (Xia, 2016).
Cost Effective– Using this technology, it actually reduces the maintenance fees of your servers,
software and their update fees. The best feature of cloud computing is that it comes with a Pay-
Per-User feature. This is one of the reason why more companies are choosing it. The usage fee of
cloud computing is completely based on the number of users/accounts you purchase. Moreover,
you just need to pay for the services you use. If you need to use it for a specific period of time
then you will just have to pay for that amount of time only.
In 2015, an estimation was made for the UK businesses that many people were using the
Cloud computing or cloud services. Following are the advantages that are provided by cloud-
based computation over traditional IT technologies (Yan, 2016).
Collaboration - With cloud-based, organizational members can share their data in more secure
way. Moreover, they can also access that data as per their requirement. They can perform
together in well-organized and amended way. Besides this, work-flow and file sharing aid them
to make automatic real time updates providing full visibility of their work.
Allows To Work Remotely - Traditional there was need of operating system, software, hardware
and network, however, cloud computing requires internet connection. Individual can use any
devices that are available to them.
Flexibility: For the firms that needs development or fluctuating bandwidth demands it is the
ideal system for them. Further, ‘operational agility’ increases the competitive success.
Work from anywhere and increased collaboration – Through this information is centralized and
can be accessed anywhere in the world that too on any machine or mobile device at any period of
time. Using the supportive action, real time updates and full visibility over the collaboration can
be overviewed.
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Disaster recovery: Firms that are having higher cost can easily manage their lost data however
for the small organization this is serious problem. For them there is need of investing in robust
disaster recovery system and should be cost-effective (Talluri, 2016). Using the Cloud recovery
solution has became easy, it is more time saving and the deal is completed with roll up third-
party expertise.
Automatic software updates: One of the most beneficial advantages it provides is reducing the
cost of software updates. As servers are off-premise and away so suppliers have to take care
about these things which also includes the security updates. This helps to focus on business
growth and there is minimal time waste.
Capital-expenditure Free: There is reduction in the hardware cost and that is included in the
subscription-based model. The system is more friendly and easier to use.
Document control: As technologies improvements are there is need of more employees. So there
will be need of greater water control. For the large companies it is difficult to compile and over-
view all the data when they are required in the traditional system. However, in cloud computing
there is no need of such things as all files are stored centrally which provides greater visibility
and more streamlined way.
Security: Security of data is very serious issues and firms that have to keep their data secure are
mostly hacked by attackers and hackers to gain financial support. Further, there is no fear of theft
or loss of the sensitive data inside it. There is greater security as the data is stored virtually which
keeps the security more higher.
Competitiveness: Cloud computing and doing business provides access to enterprise-class
technology where every organizational members can access to that data. The more you pay, the
more services can be availed by the person.
Environmentally friendly: It also provides advantages to environment as now less system will be
used to store data. Virtual storage has provided benefits of cloud computing for your business.
Due to this, there is less carbon footprints and less energy consumed (Gai, 2016) .
Multiple Subscriptions: Business person can scale their usage high or low depending upon their
requirements. During the time of seasons, these scalability can really assist them to manage their
expenses and can provide them broad range of flexibility.
These are enough to convince any business to move to the cloud computing. It is
expressively leading the IT enterprises towards achieving their business goals. However, there
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are challenges that needs to be faced while adopting the technology as it too have disadvantages.
Among the main barrier, security measures are the primary concern that needs to be overlooked
by businesses.
Critically evaluate the application of solutions using the technologies, to the problems
As per the Julfathna, Babu and Jayakameswaraiah (2014), critical issues that are
associated with cloud solutions is data security. There is major issues over this topic which is
based on the 4 components, these are availability, integrity, confidentiality, and traceability.
Availability is required when data can be accessed without any issues or problems. Integrated
means in their originals state, confidentiality means that data can be accessed or disclosed only to
authorized individuals or members of entities. At last, the description is about traceability which
means that the data, transactions, communications, or documents are genuine to the person or
parties to which it they will claim.
Karadsheh and Alhawari, (2011), have stated that cloud-based service supplier has been
the major and a serious security risk issues. Business in order to be best-in-class have used
cloud-based services which has permitted entrepreneurs to focus more on development. For
companies to achieve industry-leading data security, that comprise of data accessibility, integrity
privacy and trace ability. Such security can be delivered through physical infrastructure of the
data centre, a data management hosted application, and data governing policies and procedures.
Along with this there is requirement of audit trails, remote-monitoring, incidental administration,
and business organisation cohesiveness. Issues regarding the data security rise has never been
reduced, it is time to evaluate cloud-based services from a world-class provider. Selecting the
best cloud-based services provider for business development needs allows this technology to
prevent the enterprise from security problems. Many firms have adopted that cloud services have
provided them path through which they have raised their level and standards. Such technologies
are really going to enhance the business areas and profitability of the company.
CONCLUSION
Changes can be seen in this global world, so are changes adopted by organization. The
use of cloud is a profound evolution that can be seen over the computing industry. There are are
various revolutionary implications for business and society that can be seen using the cloud
computing. It has created new possibilities and enabled more efficient, flexible and collaborative
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computing models. Now business professionals have to use the technologies that are adopt the
tendency to measure and utilize value-added cloud solutions.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Almorsy, M., Grundy, J., & Müller, I. (2016). An analysis of the cloud computing security
problem. arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.01107.
Botta, A. & et. al. (2016). Integration of cloud computing and internet of things: a survey. Future
Generation Computer Systems. 56. 684-700.
Dave, A., Patel, B., & Bhatt, G. (2016, October). Load balancing in cloud computing using
optimization techniques: A study. In Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES),
International Conference on (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Gai, K. & et. al. (2016). Dynamic energy-aware cloudlet-based mobile cloud computing model
for green computing. Journal of Network and Computer Applications. 59. 46-54.
Hwang, K. (2017). Cloud and Cognitive Computing: Principles, Architecture, Programming.
MIT Press.
Rittinghouse, J. W., & Ransome, J. F. (2016). Cloud computing: implementation, management,
and security. CRC press.
Subramanyam, G., & Raju, T. N. (2017). A Categorized Multiuser Data Share Environment In A
Mobile Cloud Computing Model. IJSEAT. 5(5). 404-407.
Talluri, S. (2016). Novel Techniques In Detecting Reputation based Attacks And Effectively
Identify Trustworthy Cloud Services. IJSEAT. 4(6). 287-289.
Xia, Z. & et. al. (2016). A privacy-preserving and copy-deterrence content-based image retrieval
scheme in cloud computing. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security.
11(11). 2594-2608.
Yadav, D. S., & Doke, K. (2016). Mobile Cloud Computing Issues and Solution Framework.
CRC press.
Yan, Q. & et. al. (2016). Software-defined networking (SDN) and distributed denial of service
(DDoS) attacks in cloud computing environments: A survey, some research issues, and
challenges. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials. 18(1). 602-622.
Zhang, H. & et. al. (2016). A framework for truthful online auctions in cloud computing with
heterogeneous user demands. IEEE Transactions on Computers. 65(3). 805-818.
Online
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Julfathna, N., Babu, A. & Jayakameswaraiah, M. 2014. Evaluating Cloud Technology Solutions
for Business Development and Business Strategies. [Online]. Available from:
<http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0214/ijsrp-p2610.pdf>. [Accessed on 23rd October
2017]
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