Ask a question from expert

Ask now

CNA 155: Clinical Reasoning Report | Transient Ischemic Attack

6 Pages1602 Words325 Views
   

Griffith University

   

Health Assessment (CNA155)

   

Added on  2020-03-13

About This Document

The below report discusses a case study which is based on Transient Ischemic Attack . in this case study it discusses the causes of the disease with respect to a patient  who suffers the Transient Ischemic Attack.

CNA 155: Clinical Reasoning Report | Transient Ischemic Attack

   

Griffith University

   

Health Assessment (CNA155)

   Added on 2020-03-13

BookmarkShareRelated Documents
Health Assessment 2Name University
CNA 155: Clinical Reasoning Report | Transient Ischemic Attack_1
Health Assessment 22Transient Ischemic Attack is caused due to interruption in the supply of oxygen to the brain. There are several symptoms that differentiate it from an ischemic stroke. The chances of suffering from TIA increase with age, being a woman, having conditions like, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Treatment can include medication for prevention of clot formation or even surgery. Life style modifications are important in preventing a recurrence or a stroke. Angioplasty or stenting may be necessary in some patients. A neurological exam helps to assess the extent of damage that a TIA has caused in a patient.A Transient Ischemic Attack is caused due to a temporary interruption of blood flow to a part of the brain due to the presence of a clot. This disrupted blood flow causes lack of oxygen in the brain which lead to stroke like symptoms, this is why an ischemic attack is referred to as a mini stroke. Since it is a brief and reversible neurological deficit, it does not cause permanent damage to the brain. Whereas, a stroke causes permanent damage in the brain. But several symptoms of a Transient Ischemic Attack are similar to those of a stroke. Disturbances in speech and vision of one or both eyes, feeling numb in the arms, legs and face occur in Transient Ischemic Attack and stroke. But these last for upto a few minutes to 24 hours in case of a Transient Ischemic Attack [ CITATION Kha16 \l 16393 ]Incidence of TIA is more common in women. In a survey conducted on 46971 patients with TIA, the mean age at the time of occurrence was 71 years. Among men and women aged 65 years or more the annual rates of TIA declined from 5.8/1000 to 4.8/1000 among men and from 5.3/1000 to 4.2/1000 among women. The decrease was associated with better care received at public health hospitals, stroke unit care and reduction of vascular risk due to medication and primary and secondary measure employed for prevention [ CITATION Sun14 \l 16393 ]. In the US 200,000 to 500,000 persons are diagnosed by doctors to have suffered from a TIA every year. But an additional 300,000 to 700,000 patients do not seek treatment and the incidence of TIA among them is not on records. The risk of suffering from
CNA 155: Clinical Reasoning Report | Transient Ischemic Attack_2
Health Assessment 23the debilitating effects of an ischemic stroke is higher in people who do not seek treatment after an episode of TIA. The risk is particularly highest in the first 24 hours, the first week and lessens after a few weeks. So, TIA should be treated as an emergency so that, further complications can be prevented[ CITATION Sor11 \l 16393 ]. In many cases a TIA occurs due to either asymptomatic or symptomatic carotid stenosis, extracranial vertebral artery atherosclerosis or intracranial atherosclerosis [ CITATION Col17 \l 16393 ]. Imaging studies help in the diagnosis of this set of diseases [ CITATION Ueh15 \l 16393 ]. Carotid re-vascularilization is often recommended or patients with severe stenosis[ CITATION Col17 \l 16393 ]. Other therapy may involve an anti-platelet therapy, blood pressure control, reduction of low densitylipoprotein, and extensive lifestyle modification that includes controlling blood glucose levelswithin the normal range. Symptoms experienced by TIA patients are often similar to the those experienced by patients of ischemic stroke. But as the name suggests, these symptoms are of transient nature. Weakness in limb is usually unilateral, slurred speech, monocular blindness or even binocular blindness or blurred vision is experienced by some patients. Limb shaking occurs inTIA patients but does not occur in patients due to ischemic stroke. At times, patients may report hemivisual field vision defects or ataxia of the limbs, but these symptoms may be due to some other underlying cause and are not caused due to Transient Ischemic Attack. Imagingtechniques may help understand the cause of such associated symptoms. How symptoms re perceived by patients and their physicians depends on their gender, education and race[ CITATION Kim14 \l 16393 ].The propensity to suffer from TIA is greater in patients with hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemias patients who have had a TIA before are advised to follow a prescribed diet, exercise regularly, limit intake of alcohol and cessation of tobacco use. Surgical procedures may have to be done on some patients for revascularisation of the carotid artery. At times
CNA 155: Clinical Reasoning Report | Transient Ischemic Attack_3

End of preview

Want to access all the pages? Upload your documents or become a member.

Related Documents
Stroke: Causes, Symptoms, and Consequences
|13
|707
|39

How are stroke patients diagnosed and what treatments are they given?
|6
|1418
|21

Self Management Nursing Report 2022
|9
|2152
|49

Assignment on Guidelines for Carotid Endarterectomy
|6
|1317
|22

Case Study Analysis of Stroke Patient
|12
|3093
|58

Stroke: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
|15
|639
|92