Human Development Assignment (Doc)
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Added on 2020-05-28
Human Development Assignment (Doc)
Added on 2020-05-28
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Running head: COGNITIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY Critically discuss the view that nature is solely responsible for human developmentName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor Note
1COGNITIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGYTable of Contents1.Introduction.........................................................................................................................21.1.Analyze the key issues concerning the nature nurture debate............................................21.2.Debate the nature or nurture argument...............................................................................32.1. Five main theorists..............................................................................................................32.2. Identify and evaluate the key theories of developmental and cognitive practitioners........42.3. Apply a theorist’s approach to a psychological dilemma...................................................73.1. Evaluate psychological approaches to a range of developmental and cognitive issues......74.1. Use research studies appropriately to investigate a range of developmental and cognitiveissues..........................................................................................................................................8Conclusion..................................................................................................................................9References................................................................................................................................10
2COGNITIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY1.Introduction This report analyses the situation of Genie by evaluating the cognitive developmentaltheories by the well-known theorists in this field and addressing that nurture is solelyresponsible for human development. It further discusses about the nature and nurtureviewpoint, which is solely responsible for human development. Genie whose earlydevelopment was very much normal, was declared retarded by her pediatrician at 14 monthsof age. However just after her diagnosis her family started neglecting as well as abusing her,which followed until the social workers rescued her (Ugwu and Oboko 2017). 1.1.Analyze the key issues concerning the nature nurture debate This Nature Vs Nurture debate has been the oldest argument, which has been going onfor very long. Each of them has strong points for which it gets very difficult to understand aswell as decide that whether a human’s development is susceptible in their DNA or maximumof it is persuaded by daily life experiences and their environment. Though for now everyoneknows that both nature as well as nurture plays a significant role in the development ofhumans but still no one has yet found out the answer that in human whose contribution ismaximum, nature or nurture’s (Tabery 2014). Thus the key issue that arise from this nature nurture debate is that whether or not thebehaviors of humans are decided by the environment that is either prenatal or might be duringan individual’s life or through the genes that one carried from his or her ancestors. As JohnLocke in 1690 had come up with the “blank slate view” which stated that in humandevelopment the behaviors that they acquire are mostly from the influence of environment,therefore supporting the nurture viewpoint and given a little push towards this debate (Singh2012).
3COGNITIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY1.2.Debate the nature or nurture argument In the nature and nurture, debate in psychology is mainly involved with the extent towhich factors of behavior are an effect of either genetics or learned characteristics. However,nature is the pre-wiring and is guided by genetic inheritance as well as other biologicalfactors. On the other hand, Nurture is said to have taken as the effect of external elementsafter conception. The nature and nurture debate, thus, is apprehensive with the parallelcontribution that each of them has on the human behavior. In this debate the group that stoodfor extreme hereditary positions are called Nativists. According to the advocates of Nature,the fundamental assumption is that evolution is the sole deciding factor for the characteristicsof the individuals in total. Furthermore, they preach that the differences in the nature of theindividuals is strictly due to the difference in the genetic coding of two people. Contradictingthis view came the environmentalist also known as empiricists whose assumption was thatpsychological characteristics as well as the differences in behaviors, which develops viainfancy and along childhood, are the outcomes of learning. However, there are certaingenetic factors that might create proneness for some illnesses but the probability is that anindividual gain that illness depending on the environment that is nurture (Miller and Jones2013). 2.1. Five main theorists The five main theorists who have highly contributed to the cognitive as well asdevelopmental aspects of an individual are as follows- 1.Jean Piaget- Developmental stage theory2.Erik Erikson- Stages of psychosocial development3.Sigmund Freud- Psychosexual theory of development 4.Lev Vygotsky- social developmental theory
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