Cognitive Psychology: Understanding the Human Mind and Information Processing

This report explores the field of cognitive psychology, focusing on the mental processes involved in attention, memory, language use, perception, problem solving, and more. It discusses the similarities between the human mind and a computer, as well as theories on why humans forget information. The report also examines the impact of technology on mental health and the dependence of individuals on technology. Gain valuable insights from experts in the field and enhance your understanding of cognitive psychology.

Cognitive Psychology
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3

TASK 1 (a).......................................................................................................................................3
Introduction............................................................................................................................3
Content...................................................................................................................................3
Conclusion..............................................................................................................................4
TASK 1 (b)......................................................................................................................................4
Introduction............................................................................................................................4
Content...................................................................................................................................4
Conclusion..............................................................................................................................4
TASK 2...........................................................................................................................................4
TASK 3...........................................................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Cognitive psychology refers to the scientific study related to the mental process which
includes attention, memory, language use, perception, problem solving, thinking, creativity and
many more. This type of psychology mainly emphasize on the method where people usually
process all the information in their mind. This is one of the most essential brand of psychology
which consist of all the activities related to mental process. In the present report, questions
related to the human psychological nature are going to be covered which help in developing
understanding and knowledge of individuals. In this report, three task are there going to be
discussed in detail manner along with the process and its influence on human mind and body. It
includes discussion about human mind which is considered as computer.
TASK 1 (a)
Introduction
This is the first section of task one which includes discussion about how mind process the
information in an effective manner. Different authors and investigators have their view point on
the statement about human mind is like computer. It also includes the way brain as well as
computer process the information can be similar or not. This report and discussion help in
developing understanding and knowledge of individuals related to human mind and the process
of saving information in their human mind.
Content
Information processing method define as the approach which is used to effectively study
the cognitive development which is generated out of American experimental tradition in the field
of psychology. It has been identified that this is the theory which is based on thought that the
humans process of the information they are receiving gain and evaluate by mind and are merely
responding with stimuli. This is the perspective which equates that the mind acts as a computer
usually responsible for examining the information and data from the surroundings. This model
includes three stages which help in attaining the information processing in an effective manner.
The Atkinson–Shiffrin model which is also known as multi-store model or modal model which
was developed in the year 1968 by Richard Atkinson along with Richard Shiffrin. This is the
model which asserts that the human memory having three separate elements which are a sensory
register, short term and long term store. In context of sensory register, it is said that this the
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element in which all the information enters into the memory. In the next element, which is short-
term store which is also known as working memory as well as short-term memory, which gain
and holds the input from both sensory register along with the long-term store. At last, in the third
element, information has been rehearsed in the short-term store is held indefinitely.
Conclusion
It has been identified that Atkinson and Shiffrin model is one of the most effective method
which have three separate components. This model help in understanding the way in which
whole procedure of information which will aid in identifying the effective method.
TASK 1 (b)
Introduction
The second section of task one define the issues and reasons that how human mind forget
information similarly the way computer system losses information and data. This discussion help
in improving the knowledge and understanding of individual related to the issues how
individuals forget information which is installed in their mind. There are various reasons which
affect the human mind which leads to forget some sort of information.
Content
Memories, information and stored data might be encoded poorly as well as fade with time.
It is said that the storage as well as recovery procedure of the information is not flawless. In
addition to this, it has also been analysed that memories and information are not static which is
remember on the basis of events and the variables included in it. It has been concluded that there
are different sort of theories which address that why human mind forget information and
memories over a period of time. It has been said that one of the biggest issue people forget things
is that at the current situation each and every person emphasize on understanding things rather
than remembering them. This help in understanding the thing for short duration but in long run
people forget those details and information. Therefore, the biggest issues lies in the living
standard of people which affect them in their long run. On the other hand, another biggest reason
due to which individuals forget are the age factor and some sort of diseases they are suffering
from. Because of the age factor people often forget some essential things just like computer
system. In relation to computers due to the old parts of their system, information and data gets
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affected in an adverse manner. Similarly in case of human being, due to getting old after some
duration people often forget to remember basic things which create negative impact on their
living hood. Apart from this another reason can be considered in memory or information loss is
people are suffering from some kind of mental illness and health issues.
All the process of getting things or information forget by individuals, there are ample
number of theories and frameworks used to increase the knowledge as well as understanding
related to the same topic. Some of these theories help in understanding the concept of human
mind forgetting information and data.
Trace Decay Theory
According to the theory of Trace Decay, it has been identified that all the information,
data, memories as well as visuals fade automatically over the period of time. Under the theory of
Trace, individual need to follow a specific pathway in order to regain those memories. In
addition to this, it is said that if the pathway goes unused for specific duration of time, memories
decays which will be difficult in recalling. Therefore it becomes essential to follow the whole
process in an effective manner and systematic way.
Interference Theory
Another theory related to information and memory are interference theory, according to
which it is examined that it becomes easy to remember some recent events rather than of past
events. In addition to this, Transience define as the general deterioration of some particular
memory over a period of time. According to the theory, it is said that transience arise due to all
memories interfere with the capability to recall different memories. Along with this, proactive as
well as retroactive interference highly influence how well individuals recall the memories
whereas sometimes forget some information permanently.
Conclusion
With the assistance of above stated information, it is concluded that human body and mind
is usually considered similar to the computer system. Just like our mind store information and
data, computer store huge data in its memory. But on the other hand, it has also been identified
that due to some reasons they forget some information as in case of computer system there might
be issue in their machines. Whereas in reference to human mind, due to some health problems or
age issue such sort of problems arise and affect the human mind in an adverse manner.
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TASK 2
TASK 3
CONCLUSION
With the assistance of above stated information, it has been concluded that cognitive
psychology is one of the most effective and essential branch which is related with mental
process. In addition to this, it has also been said that computer is a man-made machine which can
be repaired if not working properly but in case if human being it is said that the process of
repairing requires lot of time as well as efforts. Along with this, it has also been identified that
human beings in the present era are highly dependent on technologies which as a result affect
their overall mental health and process.
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REFERENCES
Book and Journal
Kristjánsson, Á. and Egeth, H., 2020. How feature integration theory integrated cognitive
psychology, neurophysiology, and psychophysics. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics,
82(1), pp.7-23.
Scott, N., 2020. Cognitive psychology and tourism–surfing the “cognitive wave”: a perspective
article. Tourism Review.
Cavaletti, F. and Heimann, K., 2020. Longing for tomorrow: phenomenology, cognitive
psychology, and the methodological bases of exploring time experience in depression.
Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 19(2), pp.271-289.
Grzyb, B. and Vigliocco, G., 2020. Beyond robotic speech: mutual benefits to cognitive
psychology and artificial intelligence from the joint study of multimodal communication.
Olsson-Collentine, A., Wicherts, J.M. and van Assen, M.A., 2020. Heterogeneity in direct
replications in psychology and its association with effect size. Psychological Bulletin, 146(10),
p.922.
Scott, N., 2020. Cognitive psychology and tourism. CAUTHE 2020: 20: 20 Vision: New
Perspectives on the Diversity of Hospitality, Tourism and Events, p.335.
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