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Cognitive Psychology Case Study

   

Added on  2020-10-22

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Cognitive Psychology

TABLE OF CONTENTSTASK 1: Case study response .........................................................................................................3Cognitive processes ....................................................................................................................3Analysis of strengths and limitations of cognitive processes......................................................5Impact of cognitive theories on understanding of human cognition ...........................................6TASK 2: SHORT ESSAY ..............................................................................................................6INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................6Applications of human cognition research..................................................................................7CONCLUSION ...........................................................................................................................8REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................9

TASK 1: Case study response Cognitive processes From the given case study it has been observed that three main cognitive processes ofperson A, are discussed. These processes are memory, attention and language processingrespectively. The abnormalities in normal execution of discussed cognitive processes can furtherbe understood or analysed by using several theories. A brief description of these theories is alsoprovided as below: Attention: There are numerous events or stimulus which influences the attention of an individual.For instances certain activities like walking requires less attention while speaking or learningactivities needs greater level of attention. This cognitive process makes an individual capable torespond towards stimuli and to respond accordingly (Gentsch and et.al., 2016). Person A find ithard to perform two tasks simultaneously. Like talking on a phone call and giving direction tosomeone both requires proper concentration and complete attention. Thus, it is quite normal thatone may find it hard to execute both of these functions at the same time. However, when personA is dictated words cognitive processes helps to pay complete attention. Memory: It can be considered as most commonly known cognitive process. The memory abilityaffects the recalling or remembering ability of an individual. For instance person A forgot thebirthdays or other similar events but they are easily recalled. However, when someone instructsperson A quickly then it is not possible to recall them. The difference lies in the type of memoryand as a part of cognitive processes it performs the functions such as encoding, storage as well asrecalling or retrieval of events. Different types of memory such as sensory, permanent, short andlong term memory as well as working memory are regulated by different regions of brain (Ellis,2016). The events of delayed recalling of events of forgetting particular events can be explainedby following theories: Multi-store model of memory: In order to make the cognitive process of memorisation easy and simple memory isclassified into various types. As per multi-store memory model memory is broadly classified intothree categories called sensory, long term and short term memory (Baddeley, 2017). This model

is also known as the Atkinson Shiffrin model. Sensory memory decays in less than one secondare result of stimuli. For instance person A, easily recognises sequences or patterns. Another type of memory is short term or working memory. It can be considered as theability to remember and then to process the information instead of storing it permanently. Whenboss of person A, dictate something it is easily processed by A, but after few minutes or hours itis not easily recalled accurately that what was scribed. Contrary to this long term memories arestored for lifetime either in conscious state or in unconscious (Wen, Mota and McNeill, 2015).Like person A always knows basic skills like how to walk or move while the birthdays or otherevents may need some time to recall. In this way various life events are stored in brain throughmemory. (Source: Multi Store Model of Memory, 2017)Theory of forgetting: Forgetting is defined as the process when encoded or stored information in long termmemory is apparently lost. In the given case study person A also forgets events like birthdays,instructions which are given quickly. According to theory of cue dependent forgetting somememories are forgotten for short duration only but when specific cues are given it is againreactivated. The same happens with person A when someone provides a cue A, easily recalls thebirthday he had forgotten. Similarly, interference theory explains that some informations areforgotten because other competing memories overlaps them (Bialystok, 2015). For instancewhen A is regularly given instruction then due to interference of new data set memory of pastinstructions fades away. Illustration 1: Multi store model of memory

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