Cognitive Psychology: Information Processing and Memory Models

COGNITIVE
PSYCHOLOGY

Table of Contents
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
A) ....................................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...............................................................................................................................1
Diagrammatic description and explanation of Atkinson and Shiffrin Information Processing
Model...........................................................................................................................................1
Diagrammatic description and explanation of how a computer process information.................2
Explanation how the way the brain and a computer process information can be similar............3
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................3
B) .....................................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...............................................................................................................................4
Clear discussion on how human minds forget information in relation to how a computer losses
information...................................................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................5
MAIN BODY...............................................................................................................................5
Differences between Hierachical and Spreading Activation models with diagrammatic
description....................................................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................8
MAIN BODY...............................................................................................................................9
Criteria and pre-requisites for walking and state agreement/disagreement on the issue.............9
CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

TASK 1
A human mind is like a computer
A)
INTRODUCTION
Human brain is consider as creative and complex system that process information. In
human body, the process of forming information starts from sensory organs that is significant for
transformation of physical stimuli that is heat, touch, waves, lights and so on into electro
chemical signals (Cavaletti and Heimann, 2020). The sensory information is repeatedly
transformed into the brain through algorithms in both bottom up and top down processing.
Atkinson and Shiffrin Information Processing Model is significant for collecting and gathering
information. The computer process information is very complicated. There are various similarity
between the way brain and computer process information.
MAIN BODY
Diagrammatic description and explanation of Atkinson and Shiffrin Information Processing
Model
This is consider as the multi store model of memory which is developed in 1968 by
Atkinson and Shiffrin. According to this model it has been identified that memory includes three
stores that is a sensory register, short term memory and long term memory.
All of these stores are significant for process information in liner way as in this
information is passes from store to store (Gilmore, Cragg and Simms, 2020). Atkinson and
Shiffrin Information Processing Model has significantly describe the process of information that

is like a computer. This process includes inputs, process and output. In this process, information
first detected by the sense organs and enters the sensory memory. In this case if attended to this
information then it enters to short term memory. After this information that is available to short
term is transferred to the long term memory only if that information is rehearsed that is repeated.
If maintenance rehearsal does not occur then information is lost or forgotten. Long term memory
is enhanced with the retrieval of rehearsal (Kristjánsson and Egeth, 2020)). Through this model
it has been analysed that short term memory can be successfully recall with the support of
rehearsal loop. This is significant for identifying the short term memory and increase the overall
information of an individual. Environment have major role in the memory processing as it will
lead to create inputs that is transferred to the sensory memory and carry out information
processing.
Diagrammatic description and explanation of how a computer process information
Computer is also use brain for processing information like human. Computer is the
electronic machine which is significant for processing information. The brain of computer is
known as CPU that is central processing unit. The process of computer information process can
be describe as taking raw information as well as storing it properly so that it can be used
whenever required (Lv and et.al., 2020). This can be define as the chip that that will help in
executing all programs of computer. CPU sits is significant for communicating with different
hardware components which are inside computer. There are four major steps that is included in
processing of information in computer. The computer process information includes fetch,