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Performance of Energy Storage Technologies

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Added on  2020-04-13

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As pointed out by Chunsheng and Ning (2007), performance of energy storage technologies can be measured using two parameters namely: power density and energy density; the former describes the energy capacity the device can receive while the latter describes how long it can take before the stored energy is depleted. In fact research engineers are now focusing on ways and means to further boost its performance hence it is being fortified with multi-walled carbon based electrodes to increase its performance.

Performance of Energy Storage Technologies

   Added on 2020-04-13

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INTRODUCTION There has been concern over the commercially existing energy storage technologies over their capacities and efficiency. As pointed out by Chunsheng and Ning (2007), performance of energy storage technologies can be measured using two parameters namely: power density and energy density; the former describes the energy capacity the device can receive while the latter describeshow long it can take before the stored energy is depleted. The supercapacitors are now being viewed as one of the most efficient energy technology alternatives (Chunsheng and Ning, 2007). In fact research engineers are now focusing on ways and means to further boost its performance hence it is being fortified with multi-walled carbon based electrodes to increase its performance. This technical review considers the emerging technologies and how it is shaping up the performance of electrochemical supercapacitors. LITERATURE REVIEWMany a research scientists and engineers have concentrated on the techniques and methodologiesof ensuring that fortification of the supercapacitor using the multi-walled carbon nanotube material bears fruit. Metenier, Bertagna & Beguin (2000) attempted to investigate the correlationin characteristics between a purely made supercapacitor with normal carbon as base material andthat in which the multi-walled carbon nanotube are embedded. The results obtained were positiveas there was marked improvement in the capacitive performance of the fortified supercapacitor. The carbon nanotubes provided a greater electrode potential hence attracting more ions. In fact, the capacitance, due to this composition, jumped from 4 to 135F/g (Metenier, Bertagna & Beguin, 2000). Du and Pan (2007) further agree that the desirable capacitive qualities in carbon nanotubes could be attributed to the fact they have higher specific surface area; greater thermal and electrical conductivity and lower mass. Furthermore, these special materials exhibit pseudo-capacitance behavior coupled with their rich surface functionality. However, this must be pursued further with caution as Du and Pan (2007) assert that..” capacitance gradually decreased during a long cycle in one of the tests that were performed” hence it could as well still be technologically inconsequential until further work is done to improve its practical performance margin. However, because of their low density and to further improve their energy –storing capacities, there is need to include another substrate that can help improve density of the carbon nanotubes while not interfering with the desirable properties like larger surface area and conductivity (Marler, no year). In fact Marler (no year) proposed Titanium oxide (being from a transition metal parent) as the base substrate and sure enough more positive results were realized as far as energy density and capacitive performance are concerned.
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THEORETICAL ASPECTS The supercapacitor engrained with carbon nanotube, as mentioned earlier, ensures miniature devices that need intense energy within a fraction of second is made possible. Normally, as stated by Chen and Dai (2013) the supercapacitor is mainly composed of the electrode, electrolytre and a separator such that the electrode, being a critical component, determines the charge and power capacities of the supercapacitor. The carbon nanotube now provides a broader surface in which more ions can be attracted hence leading to an avalanche of charges with marked improvement in the overall capacitance and energy densities. Kavian, Vicenzo & Bestetti(2010) designed a method to grow the mutli-walled carbon nanotube; in which they were grown in a nickel-coated aluminium substrate.
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