Full-Duplex Communication: Challenges and Solutions for 5G Mobile Communication

Communication 1
FULL-DUPLEX COMMUNICATION
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Communication 2
Introduction
Information is simultaneously transferred in two directions by use of the full-duplex communication
devices. These communication systems are considered as the most suitable solution in achieving spectral
efficiency in improved wireless networks such as the 5G communication system. The rationale is to
enable the maximum utilization of the available temporal and spectral resources during simultaneous
reception and transmission of signals with the application of a single centre of data frequency (Ratasuk et
al., 2015). When the data rates are doubled without the requirement for additional bandwidths, it would be
termed as successful technological attainment. This is very crucial in coming up with a creation in the 5G
era. Therefore, the duplex communication systems have a great impact as it enhances steps to the
necessary enormous increase in the transmission of data. Implementing the full-duplex project for 5G
communication is so tempting. This paper looks at the issues, possibilities, solutions and problems related
to the full-duplex implementation on the mobile communication system.
Issues
Theoretically, in full-duplex communication system, obtaining prominent self-interference cancellation
involve subtracting the transmission signal from the total waveform signal received. This is different to
what occurs in practice. Practically, during reception and propagation, distortion of the SI signals occurs in
either a linear or nonlinear way hence creating difficulty in attenuating the SI signal. Therefore, sufficient
improvements have to be addressed before the full-duplex system is implemented within the 5G mobile
communication (Fettweis & Alamouti, 2014).
Normally, FD systems are inexpensively made thus impairing the circuits. The impairment of these
analogue devices will probably lead to non-linear signal distortions in 5G mobile devices. This major
concern may appear in the 5G mobile devices which may also be made of low-cost RF components that
are produced in volume. Hence, inhibiting FD system’s use in 5G mobile communication. Also, most
communication systems use base station that can apply the modes of full-duplex for communication with
the mobile devices that only use half-duplex systems (Ma et al., 2015).
Challenges
The present technology used in communication system limits the use of full-duplex transceiver for 5G
mobile communication networks. The technology, currently in use, has difficulty in availing separate
space between the transmitting and receiving antennas. It therefore implies that when using the FD
system, the signal transmitter and receiver must share a similar antenna. This brings in need for better
modelling and processing before accurately and succefully cancelling signals when using FD systems for
5G communication. (Zhang et al., 2015).
Problems and Solutions
Distortion is a major challenge when it comes to signal reproduction. The circulator, however, is among
the components that accommodates the use of full-duplex systems in 5G communication devices. The
circulator ensures transmitter and receiver are able use a similar antenna. The antenna is linked with the
transceiver by the circulator. The incoming signals access the circulator via one port while the outgoing
signals use another port depending on the direction in which they are rotating. This principle is used by
each of the circulator ports which ensures that there is a certain isolation quantity between the transceiver
and the receiver in a 5g communication system (Thompson et al., 2014).
Another method of applying the FD system in 5G communication through connecting a duplex electrical
balance. The duplex electrical balance isolates the transmitter and receiver while applying one antenna.
Additionally, for better significant isolation quantities, the hybrid transformer should be used. The duplex
electrical balance is an update to the circulator since it is substantially more compact. This is what makes
duplex electrical balance to be a most preferred future candidate for FD system implementation within the
5G mobile communication (Aijaz et al., 2017).
There are two SI signal’s components that are observed at the receiving path when applying the
architectural circulator in the 5G mobile communication era. Firstly, the attenuated SI, averagely at 20dB,
causes leakages within the circulator. The mismatched impedance during input is among the crucial