Despite the high economic achievements that China has made over the past years, the country is still facing various social challenges. The most critical issue is overpopulation since it has massive effects on the country's economic level, education services, and the overall environment. Overpopulation in China is the key challenge to the existing economic development in China. There exist limited natural resources which barely help the excessively growing population. Developing the country's economy requires a huge quantity of adequate natural resources like land, water bodies, minerals like oil and coal in the industrial sector. However, these natural resources in the environment reduces when large population growth is reported in China. It brings about high expenditure on pension benefits and medical security. Therefore, Overpopulation in China has adverse effects on the improvement strategies of the citizens’ standards of living.