Community Healthcare Nursing and Teenage Pregnancy Prevention

This article discusses the multifaceted issue of teenage pregnancy and the role of community healthcare nurses in preventing it. It covers topics such as education and counseling on sexuality, reproduction, and contraception, developing prevention programs, and promoting safe pregnancy practices. The article emphasizes the importance of cultural and ethnic sensitivity, personalized counseling, and community involvement in preventing teenage pregnancy. Course code and college/university are not mentioned.

COMMUNITY
HEALTHCARE
NURSING

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Overview of the teenage pregnancy and nurse role................................................................1
Provide education and counsel youth about the sexuality, reproduction, sexuality transmitted
disease, and contraception......................................................................................................2
Educate children and work with them before they become sexually active...........................3
Develop, implement, and evaluate the community based teenage pregnancy prevention
program...................................................................................................................................4
Educate and provide knowledge about the right time for pregnancy.....................................5
Develop knowledge of safe pregnancy within community and social group.........................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Teenage pregnancy is usually between thirteen and nineteen years of age. In addition, the
girls as young as ten who are sexually active and occasionally become pregnant and give birth to
the child. The data and statistics show the report which is related with the 90 percent of delivery
to the girls with the age of 15 to 19 years in developing countries which occur within the early
marriage where there is often an imbalance of the power, no access to the contraception and
pressure on the girls to prove their aspect of fertility (Agbonjimi and e. al., 2022). In addition,
factors such as showing parental income and the extent of a girl’s education also contributed to
such context. In this, the major causes of teenage pregnancy which is a multifaceted issue with
the many contributing factors such as poverty, gender inequalities, gender-based violence,
substance use, and the poor access to the contraceptive inequalities with the termination of
pregnancy, the low and inconsistent and the correct use of the oral contraceptive and various
causes which may play a role in the enhancing of cases of teenage pregnancy. The report focused
on the different roles that community health nurses play in overcoming adolescent pregnancy
(Holgado and e. al., 2022).
MAIN BODY
Overview of the teenage pregnancy and nurse role
To reduce the complication of the issue of teenage pregnancy, nurses used to play roles
within the different healthcare and community to minimise the risk associated with teenage girls.
Whereas, the nurse provides their contribution with the vision to provide the proper education
and knowledge that is beneficial to prevent or support the care of teenage pregnancy. There are
some of the role that community health nurses play in educating and counseling youth about the
term of sexuality, reproduction, sexually transmitted disease, and contraception. Work with the
children before they are ageing towards the position of sexually active. In addition, they provide
support and education to develop, implement, and evaluate the community-based adolescent
pregnancy prevention program or the campaign that provides a brief education to the number of
people regarding teenage pregnancy. Therefore, with the aspect nurses usually play helpful role
for the community and social group by educating about proper health outcome that may be
productive for child and mother (Mohamed and e. al., 2018).
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Cultural and ethnic sensitivity is the crucial component of all intervention in the broad
regions. In this, the nurses used to promote the sex education program that is used to peer
counsellor in order to improve the sexual decision making and general living skill of number of
population. The most effective term related to the program is persistent reinforce and strengthen
that support the individual values and morals, groups norms in favour towards the delaying in the
sexual intercourse, avoiding unprotected sex, using condom while making intercourse, and
avoiding the risk of high risk partner. In this, nurses are active participants in the school towards
the boards, parent’s teacher association, religious and the youth organisation. It is based on the
national and local pregnancy prevention coalitions. The primary role performed by community
health nurses is to ensure the safety of child and mother when they are associated with the
teenager pregnancy. Before that, they usually educate the people and women to understand their
anatomical structure and take appropriate steps for the pregnancy (Mulogo and e. al., 2020).
Provide education and counsel youth about the sexuality, reproduction, sexuality transmitted
disease, and contraception
The community health nurse shows efforts to reduce pregnancy, AIDS, and other sexually
transmitted diseases among adolescent. The nurse majorly plays the role related to exploring
education in terms of sexuality among the teenage group to provide adequate knowledge that
produces assurance of safety. In addition, sexuality is related to male and female reproduction,
providing safety and security regarding adolescent pregnancy. In addition, reproductive health
education usually includes the message to encourage the abstinence and helpful in order to
promote the use of condom and contraceptive by those who are sexually active (Odhiambo,
2018). Personalized counseling with the decision making helps to provide the effective method
or the provision of education counseling using the shared decision making. In this, contraceptive
counseling shows great potential as the strategy which help to empower women who do not
desire the aspect of pregnancy to choose the method of birth control that they can use correctly
over time, reducing individual risk of unintended consequences of pregnancy. It is essential to
educate many people, especially women, to know the complication of teenage pregnancy and
their impact for the more extended period. In addition, in terms of reproduction and sexuality, the
fundamental approach followed is to provide education related to the activeness towards
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sexuality. In addition, promote the contraceptive method to prevent sexually transmitted disease
associated with the use of condom and diaphragms that help provide some protection from the
bacterial and viral infection in the parts of genital tracts. In this, hormonal conception and tubal
ligation reason for protecting the upper genital tract, which is not related to the cervix. Therefore,
Carcinoma of the cervix usually follows the same pattern as the sexually transmitted disease. The
primary conceptive method used to reduce the rising issue within the women is controlled with
external male and internal female condoms are the only form of birth control that can create the
barrier against the sexually transmitted disease (Odimegwu and Mkwananzi, 2018).
Educate children and work with them before they become sexually active
Sex education is essential for children when they are sexually active. In this, reinforcing all the
things they have already learned, pre-teens should know how to consider safer sex and
contraception. They should be provided the basic information about pregnancy and sexually
transmitted infections. In addition, they should understand that being a teenager does not mean
that they have to be sexually active. The pre-teen with the age of 9 to 12 understands what makes
a positive relationship and what makes for a bad one. In this, the pre-teen also provides the
aspect which enhanced the knowledge of internet safety that includes bullying and sexting. In
addition, they also know the consequence and risks of sharing nude or sexually explicit photos of
themselves to their peers. The pre-teens should also generate understanding that the media must
influence the ways that show the aspect towards the people view of their bodies and think
critically about how the sexuality portray in the term of media. It means being able to judge
whether the depiction of sex and sexuality is true or false, realistic or not and whether they are
with the concept of positive and negative (Okine, Dako-Gyeke, Baiden and Saa-Touh Mort,
2020).
Teens aged 13 to 18 must also receive information about menstruation and nocturnal
emissions known as wet dreams. Moreover, they also configure the detail with the phase of
pregnancy, the issue associated with the sexually transmitted disease, the various contraception,
and how to use them to do the practice related to safer sex. Teens should continue learning about
the difference between healthy and unhealthy relationships. It usually includes learning about
pressure and dating violence and understanding consent in sexual relationships. In addition, teens
should be equipped with the negotiation and skill that must refuse and end the relationship.
Teens are usually very private people. In addition, they have questions or concern about their
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changing bodies and identities. However, the parents have spoken to their child with early about
sex, which helps to enhance the chance that teen approach shows the parents when the difficult
or dangerous things come that later. So, it is essential to provide the appropriate education related
with the sexuality to the number of children (Reidpath and Allotey, 2018).
Develop, implement, and evaluate the community based teenage pregnancy prevention program
The teenage pregnancy prevent program is based on the essential aspect that revise the
sustain information provided by healthcare professionals to reduce the issue of teenager marriage
and pregnancy. There are a number of causes that usually promote teenage pregnancy, including
poverty, lack of education, and many more. Due to this factor the marriage in teen age are
conducted which may create issue for the development of healthy lifestyle and health of mother.
In addition, the community health nurse played a vital role in the development of education
related to the teenager pregnancy and also some of campaign and intervention that act as
prevention programs for the teenager pregnancy (Urindwanayo and Richter, 2020). The
community health nurse usually initiated such a program with the various social groups and
communities to prevent the rising complication associated with the teenager pregnancy. The
program usually consists of comprehensive knowledge regarding sex education, HIV and STI
prevention is an important agenda within the prevention program because due to this, the
population may various serious issues and the mortality rate enhanced due to such consequence.
In this, the youth development, service learning, abstinence approach, or may thereof
combination. With this contrast, the most effective and sustainable program that community
health nurses follow is providing knowledge, education, and contraception regarding safe sex,
using proper protection such as condoms, and taking of i-pills which help reduce the chance of
pregnancy. According to the community health nurse, the most effective program is usually
based on communication and face to face interaction with the population that majorly include
two elements: education and access to contraception (Xavier, Benoit and Brown, 2018).
While developing any prevention program for teenage pregnancy, it is vital to select the
region or demographic to place the location for the campaign that provides education and
knowledge regarding contraception. In such campaigns, the instruction offered to the population
by the nurse is based on the regulation of healthy lifestyle and healthy diet. Moreover, the
method suitable for safe sex or intercourse is regulated among the population to prevent the issue
of HIV and sexually transmitted disease. The program requires safe and secure location with the
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maintaining of proper environment which is safe with the context to confidentiality while dealing
with such issues (Xavier, Brown and Benoit, 2018).
The proper prevention method and contraception are used to prevent the consequence that
may rise with teenage pregnancy. The teenager prevention program is usually based on the
community to provide them safe and reliable knowledge that is prominent for reducing teenage
pregnancy. The prevention program usually focuses on the comprehensive sex education
elaborate the curriculum that teaches where student a full range of including the sexual consent,
contraception and sexually transmitted infection that include HIV/AIDS. In this, sex education is
also associated with enhance rate of contraceptive use at the first sexual intercourse and 15 to 17
month after intervention. In this, exposure to comprehensive sex education which is associated
with the reduce teen pregnancy, HIV and STI. The teenager pregnancy program is usually
beneficial to provide the proper aspect for the control of disease related to sexual transmission
such as HIV/AIDS, measles, etc (Zuma and Potgieter, 2019).
Educate and provide knowledge about the right time for pregnancy
In addition, the education related to the right time for pregnancy creates and develops
specific knowledge that is useful to reduce the significant complications related to teenage
pregnancy. The education and expertise has been provided to women to choose the right time for
pregnancy. The right time indicates proper health and optimum health context associated with
zero aspect of complication when the time of pregnancy has been chosen. In addition, women are
most likely to get pregnant when they are in their fertile point of their monthly menstrual cycle.
The fertile window shows the days that are counted to six days to five days before the term of
ovulation and the day of the ovulation. The phase is referred to as the fertile based on the fact
that sperm can survive in the women's reproductive tract for 5 days and egg that can be fertilised
when they are associated between the 12 to 24 hours after it is released from the one ovary other
(Zuma and Potgieter, 2019). During ovulation, ovary is usually helpful to release the mature egg
that may travel down to fallopian tube to uterus. While they are on the ways of the fallopian tube,
the sperm may meet it and show fertilization. In this, the role of community health nurse is to
provide the proper information which is reliable for the women to choose their time for
pregnancy. Sometime, due to lack of knowledge and education the pregnancy has been adopted
but issue is used to arise which may create complication with the mother and child both. In this,
the teenager pregnancy requires proper support and care from the community nurse to deliver
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this is most vital ways. The community health nurse offers a wide range of knowledge and
experience within the teenage pregnancy for the healthy outcome which is derived from the
education and access towards essential thing which is regulated as information to the mother for
the child.
Develop knowledge of safe pregnancy within community and social group
The social group and community awareness is important in order to place the healthy
behaviour. Moreover, the community health nurse plays vital role in development of awareness
within the community and social group. Exercise and good nutrition is helpful in order to
improve the health during the pregnancy and childhood. With this, the community and social
group usually face the issue or barrier that is lack of education, limited healthy food option, high
rate of teenage pregnancy and limited resources for physical activity. In this, the common
strength usually include resource that is faith based organisation, health department, local
business and community member. In this, the solution which is usually depending on the
availability of community resources. It is difficult and challenging task for the community health
nurse to provide the information to the wide people within the social group and community due
to barrier which may arise in the term of difference of cultural aspect and many more (Zuma and
Potgieter, 2019).
CONCLUSION
As per the above discussion, it is well analysed that the community health nurse usually
plays vital role within the rising issue of teenage pregnancy. In addition, community health nurse
regulated various implemented intervention program which is helpful in order to derive the
quality of health by producing the knowledge that is related with the teenage pregnancy. The
teenage pregnancy has number of cause and they have vital rate of implication which enhance
the mortality rate. Therefore, the community health nurse provides the strategic moment in order
to control the situation which may include awareness regard with the sexually transmitted
disease, HIV/AIDS. In this, education and access towards the contraception is also provided to
the number of population in order to reduce the chance of teenage pregnancy.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Agbonjimi and e. al., 2022. Determinants of Increased Prevalence of Teenage Pregnancy Among
Female Senior Class Students in Two Selected Secondary School in Sagamu, Ogun State,
Nigeria. Middle European Scientific Bulletin, 21, pp.1-17.
Holgado and e. al., 2022. Quaran-teen pregnancy: Pregnant teenage couples' attitudes and
subjective norms towards teenage pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Mohamed and e. al., 2018. Fetal Outcomes and Complications of Pregnancy among Teenage and
Adult Primigravid Saudi Women: A Retrospective Comparative Study. International
Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences, 7(9), pp.144-148.
Mulogo and e. al., 2020. Magnitude of Prior Teenage Pregnancy among Women Aged 18–67
Years in Rural Southwestern Uganda.
Odhiambo, J.N., 2018, October. Exploring the Causes and Psychological Consequences of Teen
Pregnancy. In Abstract Proceedings International Scholars Conference (Vol. 6, No. 1, pp.
235-235).
Odimegwu, C. and Mkwananzi, S., 2018. Family structure and community connectedness: Their
association with teenage pregnancy in South Africa. Journal of Psychology in
Africa, 28(6), pp.479-484.
Okine, L., Dako-Gyeke, M., Baiden, P. and Saa-Touh Mort, K., 2020. Exploring the influence of
repeat pregnancy on the lives of teenage mothers. Journal of Human Behavior in the
Social Environment, 30(7), pp.863-880.
Reidpath, D.D. and Allotey, P., 2018. Predicting US state teenage birth rates using search engine
query data on pregnancy termination and prevention. Journal of Global Health Reports, 2,
pp.1-4.
Urindwanayo, D. and Richter, S., 2020. Teenage pregnancy in refugee camps: A narrative
synthesis. Journal of International Women's Studies, 21(1), pp.255-270.
Xavier, C., Benoit, A. and Brown, H.K., 2018. Teenage pregnancy and mental health beyond the
postpartum period: a systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health, 72(6), pp.451-
457.
Xavier, C.G., Brown, H.K. and Benoit, A.C., 2018. Teenage pregnancy and long-term mental
health outcomes among Indigenous women in Canada. Archives of women's mental
health, 21(3), pp.333-340.
Zuma, N. and Potgieter, C., 2019. Female leadership, parental non-involvement, teenage
pregnancy and poverty impact on underperformance of learners in the further education
and training. HTS: Theological Studies, 75(4), pp.1-8.
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