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Community Policing - Assignment

   

Added on  2021-06-15

13 Pages3565 Words103 Views
Political Science
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Running head: COMMUNITY POLICING MOVEMENT PUBLIC TRUST & POLICE LEGITIMACY1In what way has the community policing movement contributed toward public trust and policelegitimacy?Student’s NameUniversity’s NameAuthor’s Note
Community Policing - Assignment_1

COMMUNITY POLICING MOVEMENT PUBLIC TRUST & POLICE LEGITIMACY2IntroductionThere is an urgent and compelling need to adopt innovative approaches to solutions to many pressing problems in society. In the 21st century the military model of policing is shifting to community-based-policing where primary emphasis is on prevention approaches [ CITATIONMar092 \l 1033 ]. Community policing is a philosophy of law enforcement bodies that focuses on cooperation, empathy, and support between the locals of a particular area and police force. Community policing is the latest development in policing policies whose main aim is to stop crimes. This is a supportive strategy, a new tactic adopted and implemented in developed countries to quell crime by building a rapport with the residents of the area. This strategy is designed after careful analysis from qualitative and quantitative studies that demonstrate that citizens are most likely to cooperate with police and abide by the laws if they think the police as legitimate.[ CITATION Lor12 \l 1033 ]Ericson stated that “community policing is best understood as the policing of communications about risk and security in late modern society.” Since communities are organicand continuously changing, the approach needed is flexibility and not the previous kind of militarism or communitarianism. The main aim behind this development is that community policing serves as a deterrent helps officers to develop a bond, rapport with the residents so that the citizens aid officers if a crime or incident occurs. This is a public relations ploy that aids in prevention of crime and is a positive public method of policing. However this new endeavor has been misinterpreted and has created great confusion amongst communities that has adopted this methodology. This philosophy is shrouded with debates and its effectiveness is being questioned because police administrators are perceived as aggressive law enforcers who leave the citizens
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COMMUNITY POLICING MOVEMENT PUBLIC TRUST & POLICE LEGITIMACY3feeling victimized, humiliated and violated. Thus the most common concern about community policing is “can the police actually use this model effectively?”[CITATION The1713 \l 1033 ]Despite community policing has been accepted as a workable concept by the police themselves in countries like Australia and Canada, yet there is conceptual confusion and there is no standardized definition of this method. For some this is an ideal imperative that can encourage cooperation between the police and public and simultaneously enhance the perception of police legitimacy. But the proponents of traditional policing believe that community policing can have adverse effects and reduce arrests as police officers will become friendly with residents and exhibit favoritism with them[CITATION Com18 \l 1033 ].Although, the effectiveness of community policing is young and there is resistance to thischange from the traditional bureaucratic police community but the fact is “actively involving the community in preventing and reducing crime” cannot be denied. Community policing has long-lasting effects and can be rightly said that this is a “crime prevention strategy” that also strengthens high levels of trust and confidence towards police in the communities.[ CITATION Jud10 \l 1033 ]. The psychology behind community policing is to provide restorative justice which is beyond traditional law enforcement. It is alternative model of policing that provides nonviolence conflict resolution. After repeated failures of various crime prevention programs, it seems that community policing or the restorative justice might help to prevent crimes[ CITATION Joh02 \l 1033 ].Background of Community PolicingThe concept of community policing can be traced back in the 19th century in USA when the main tactic involved was police officers going on foot patrols in the neighborhood they
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COMMUNITY POLICING MOVEMENT PUBLIC TRUST & POLICE LEGITIMACY4served. Community policing has been defined as “depending on community involvement, community policing is the best way to engage a community and invites its members to participate in law enforcement." (U.S Department of Justice, 2002) the goal behind this is to strive towards prevention of crime. Community policing is a law enforcement strategy which is receiving great attention across the globe. This is a major paradigm shift from the conventional professional model of policing. Community policing encourages inclusive partnership between the locals and the police to solve crimes and maintain security and peace in the area. This is different from the traditional bureaucratic law enforcement practices that are forcefully powered down against not-so-serious offences. Community policing is a new coined philosophy that emerged in the 21st century to create bond between the local residents in the area and police to prevent crime before it occurs. It encourages the citizens of the area to participate with the law enforcement body and help in creating law and order in society. Many public safety agencies areengaging residents and boosting community policing initiatives via technology and social media platforms[ CITATION Mit16 \l 1033 ].Community policing has its up and downs but in the modern era there are several static and dynamic ways in which this has been implemented. This new style of policing received resistance from officers because it demanded giving up of the centralized bureaucratic style of policing. It required re-structuralizing patrol, emphasizing on proactive techniques and relying more on civilian education and the neighborhood watch [ CITATION Kap12 \l 16393 ].The Impact of Community PolicingGlobalization has significantly changed the traditional localized and geographically confined concepts of community. The physical concept of communities is not totally lost but the
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