University: Comparative Analysis of Lebanese and Persian Cultures

This report presents a comparative analysis of Lebanese and Persian cultures, examining their historical context, societal structures, artistic expressions, and cultural values. The author begins by establishing a frame of reference for both cultures, highlighting their diverse influences and geographical contexts. The report then delves into the grounds of comparison, focusing on key aspects such as art, music, religion, social structures, and the role of women. The analysis highlights the modernization of Lebanese culture, contrasted with the more traditional and orthodox nature of Persian culture. Furthermore, the report discusses the influence of Persian culture on Lebanese art, music, and popular culture, while acknowledging the distinct differences between the two cultures. The report is structured to present the key aspects of each culture and then draw comparisons, ultimately aiming to determine the extent of similarities and differences in their orientations. The report concludes by summarizing the key findings, providing a comprehensive understanding of the cultural nuances of both societies.

Running head: CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
Construction Management
Name of the Student:
Name if the University:
Author Note:

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Introduction:
Comparative Analysis refers to the comparison between two thoughts or ideas, or aspects. It
refers to pointing out the points of difference and similarities, between two different school of
thoughts or ideas or concepts.
In the following essay, a comparison will be made between two cultures. The Lebanese and the
Persian Cultures will be compared and analyzed in the essay.
Frame of Reference:
The Lebanese have a diversified cultural and social attribute. The population if the country is so
diverse, however they manage to maintain and practice a common culture. The constitutionally
guarded land is observed with a variety in the dialect, but as per the constitution, the recognized
and the national language of the country is Arabic (Elting et al. 2014). The geography of the
country, has also contributed in the shaping of the culture of the same.
The Persian culture, also known as the culture of Iran, is one of the richest cultures. Iran had
always been regarded as the cradles of civilizations, because of its geo-political position, which
has also enabled the organization to influence upon and contribute in the cultures of the foreign
lands as well. The Iranian civilization and the Persian culture are essentially identified by this
eclectic cultural elasticity, and the historical longevity of the same (De Burjin. 2014).
Grounds of Comparison:
The culture of Lebanon had been developed from the mixture of a many cultures. It is the
concoction of a many civilizations, and many cultures have contributed in the development of

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the Lebanese culture. People from Roman civilization, the Ottomans, Greeks, the Assyrians,
Persians, all have a contribution in the making of the Lebanese culture, therefore, the Lebanese
culture can be perceived with diversified features and aspects. The variety of the culture, can
therefore, be observed in their population, language, food habit. literature and music (Haber et al.
2013. The Persians or the Persian people and culture, also have a certain level of contribution in
the making of the culture. Therefore, for mu assignment I had chosen the Persian culture, in
order to understand the differences, that the both cultures have in their orientation and
development. Therefore, the comparison between the two cultures will be made upon the
grounds of society, art, culture, and fashion.
Thesis:
The basic purpose of the essay is to find out and point out the differences and similarities
between the two culture, and therefore, to state, whether the two culture are more similar or more
different in their orientation.
Organizational Scheme:
The Lebanese Culture:
The most important aspects of the Lebanese Culture are,
 The art of the country is much modernized. Though it has an influence of the traditional
arts and culture of various lands, however, the country is especially known for its modern
arts. It has been observed that the contemporary French art has a profound influence on
the art and culture of Lebanon.

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 Another important aspect and popular culture of the country is its music. While the
country has rightfully preserved the folk tales and essence in its music, and has
incorporated the music with a modern music and modern touch. The classical Arabian
music is incorporated with the modern trends and modern musical instruments (Dirani.
2013).
 The majority of the Lebanese population follow Christianity; however, the population
also practice the Islam religion, and observe the Islam holidays. One of the most
important aspect is that Christian holidays are followed according to the Julian Calendar
and the Islam holidays are followed as per the Lunar Calendar.
 The political structure of the country is quite complex; however, the social structure of
the country is simpler, and the women can enjoy their own freedom and can follow their
own ideologies (Cleveland, Laroche, and Hallab. 2013).
The Persian Culture:
The most important aspects of the Iranian culture are,
 The art of the culture is one of the oldest and most enriched art, and has a sense of
aesthetics in it. The art of the country, has been through various phases, and there has
been potential influence if the modern art as well. However, the culture is still continued
with its elementary forms of art, while including some aspects of modernity. Same can be
applied to describe the literature of the culture, as well.
 Though, the country is much diversified and a home of many dialects, however, the
major language spoken here, is Iranian.
 Zoroastrianism, is the major traditional religion of the country. however, today, the ruling
religion of the country is Islam. 98% of the population, are the followers of Islam.

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 The social and political status of the country, have a more complex attribute. Th women
of the society, in most of the regions the women are kept under the veil and are kept
under strong rules and regulations, and the women cannot enjoy freedom (Kramsch.
2013).
Link between Lebanese and Persian Culture:
The Lebanese culture is essentially developed from one of the aspects of the Persian culture, and
the art, music and popular culture has a profound influence of the Iranian culture. However, both
the cultures are quite different in their own ways. While the Lebanese culture is more
modernized, the Persian culture is more traditional and orthodox, and this can be observed in all
of the aspects of both of these countries.

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References:
Cleveland, M., Laroche, M. and Hallab, R., 2013. Globalization, culture, religion, and values:
Comparing consumption patterns of Lebanese Muslims and Christians. Journal of Business
Research, 66(8), pp.958-967.
De Bruijn, J.T.P., 2014. Persian Sufi poetry: an introduction to the mystical use of classical
Persian poems. Routledge.
Dirani, K.M., 2013. Does theory travel? Dimensions of the learning organization culture relevant
to the Lebanese culture. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 15(2), pp.177-192.
Etling, B., Kelly, J., Faris, R. and Palfrey, J., 2014. Mapping the Arabic blogosphere: politics,
culture, and dissent. In Media Evolution on the Eve of the Arab Spring (pp. 49-74). Palgrave
Macmillan, New York.
Haber, M., Gauguier, D., Youhanna, S., Patterson, N., Moorjani, P., Botigué, L.R., Platt, D.E.,
Matisoo-Smith, E., Soria-Hernanz, D.F., Wells, R.S. and Bertranpetit, J., 2013. Genome-wide
diversity in the levant reveals recent structuring by culture. PLoS genetics, 9(2), p.e1003316.
Kramsch, C., 2013. Culture in foreign language teaching. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching
Research, 1(1), pp.57-78.

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