Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health

Dear writer, please check the attachments 1. example of the structure of paper from previous paper 2. in detail description of the assignment along with my topic heading this is all about advocacy in social work 3. need 15- 20 references thank you.

Running Head: sociology
Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Authors Note

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Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
Table of Contents
Executive summary....................................................................................................................1
Background and overview of the issue......................................................................................3
Comparative analysis and evaluation of two potential models of advocacy.............................4
Individual advocacy...........................................................................................................4
Comparative analysis and evaluation of the two potential models of social action...........6
Ethnic and Racial movements............................................................................................7
Conclusion and recommendations.............................................................................................8
References................................................................................................................................10

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Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
Executive summary
This is a submission to the Australian Association of Social Workers for the equal rights of
international students to maintain their psychological wellbeing. The report is based on
different social advocacy and social action models. The maximum number of international
students are attracted to the education programs provided by the institutions based on New
South Wales and Victoria .As per a report most of the students are from China, India and
Brazil. Different culture, education systems and social isolation for various obstacles will
make students’ life very difficult. By the help of individual advocacy, one can get help to
prevent their vulnerability in different social and political aspects. Mobilization theory is on
the most relevant social action theory popular in the literatures. There are other problem
related to essential resources present for the international student. Renting a house and
accommodation are one of the biggest problem among the students. There are different
examples of ethnic and racial movements for equality and the establishing the common
human rights of respective communities and the people belonging to a socially oppressed
group. This report will conclude and recommend initiatives for the better outcome of the
situation.

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Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
Background and overview of the issue
According to a report, 799,371 are enrolled in different courses or educational
programs of Australia(Nyland & Tran, 2019). Almost 350,472 students have enrolled for the
higher education courses only. Maximum number of international students are attracted to
the education programs provided by the institutions based on New South Wales and
Victoria .The other territories of Australia also have a good number of student from
another countries. As per a report most of the students are from China , India and Brazil. The
students usually opt to continue their study in Australia a the country is known for its better
cultural diversities , friendly natives and most importantly higher quality of education .
Most of the courses in Australia are acclaimed by the Australian qualification framework.
The Australian training Qualification program will help the students get better quality
assurance by ESOS(Naseer & Al-Hidabi, 2019). In Australia students can have value for
living in terms of cost-effectiveness as conversion factor of the country is cheaper than
other nations. Better job opportunities are one of the most attractive reason to pursue
higher education in Australian universities. However, there are some difficulties which are
prominent among the international students in Australia. Cultural shock is the most
eminent problem among the international students. After relocation they find themselves in
a different cultural scenarios which are affecting their daily livings. Different language ,
cultural atmosphere, foods and socializing with the people are some prominent aspects of
cultural hindrance(Baklashova & Kazakov, 2016). Moreover, difference in accent is a
challenge for them to understand the lectures in the universities(Liu, 2019). Student might
have problems in different education system as Australian educational systems provide
three years of bachelor courses whereas many countries provide four years of bachelor
programs. The Australian educational programs are evaluated on the basis of credits which
are aggregated by the weekly or monthly evaluation. They might face financial crisis in

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Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
multiple times in the context of different situations which are responsible for political,
social and cultural changes in the country(Rzepnikowska, 2019). Though not every
international students face work place violence and discriminations, few of them are harassed
by this culture. There are allegations against some employers who hire the employees on
lower wages and discriminate them by their cultural origin. Language and cultural
discriminations are prevalent among the international student. Inability of comprehension
and fluent English speaking skills are responsible for discrimination. Bullying and
deprivation due to cultural difference with humiliating behaviours towards the foreign
students make the situation worse for the students from different countries. According to a
study, 29% of the international students are affected by anxiety and depression(Mesidor, &
Sly, 2016). Social isolation and passive social exclusion will make them feel more
vulnerable and helpless(Imai, 2017). Relocation, transition in lifestyle, coping with new
environment affect both mental and physical wellbeing of the students. Making new
relations with culturally and socially different is definitely one of the greatest challenges
faced by the international student. Due to depression and lack of companionships,
international student are become inclined towards alcohol and substance abuse.
Comparative analysis and evaluation of two potential models of advocacy
Individual advocacy
Individual advocacy supports the people with different people to live with their
rights and by providing the assistance to voice their concerns ,access and use the information
and identify the support services which are related to their rights (Truscott, Powell &
Graham, 2017). The support services regarding individual advocacy help people in different
situations. The support group help the affected with person centred approach to solve their

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Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
respective problems . By the help of individual advocacy , one can get help to prevent their
vulnerability in different social and political aspects. The students with poor mental health
need support during different societal situations . Discrimination by skin colour, cultural
beliefs and individual identities are prominent issues in daily livings of the international
students. Bullying prevention policy is one of the policies which is focused on the
wellbeing of an international student in the university campus. Harassment and hazards
regarding any kind of discrimination will lead to legal actions against alleged person. This
law has been conserved by the bullying prevention guidelines. Students from different
countries are sometimes affected by the sexual harassment and humiliation which are not
also welcomed by any institutional bodies (Douglass, Wright, Davis & Lim, 2018). There
are several cases in which the foreign students are not file any complain against any
person who are responsible for the misconducts According to West Sydney University
regulation , sexual harassment will not be entertained in any circumstances. Unlawful
discrimination is another social aspect which is responsible for vilification and victimisation
(Dickson & Duffy, 2019). The practice of racism and discrimination is affecting the social
and human rights of the tertiary student in Australia.
Financial crisis is one of the most prevalent issues faced by the international
students in Australia (Choudaha, 2017). According to a report , 49.1% of the student have
financial crisis and almost half of them are involved in the payed employment. A report
has been shown that, in Tasmania; a crisis of arrived and the overseas student were
facing hardships for the foods to survive. Huge amount of tuition fees is another problem for
the international student (Yu & Wright, 2016). Students who migrate to the country with their
families (specially spouses and children) must plan their budget as all of them are not
eligible for the free government schooling of their children. Australian Security and
Investment Commission’s website should be checked by an international student carefully.

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Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
As lack of update and knowledge will cause them financial trouble regarding their banking
and savings account. Australian banks do not give privileges of loans and credit cards to the
international students. Establishment costs are high for the international student inside the
campus as most of the institution takes higher rate of deposit. They face difficulties for high
amount of deposit money.
Comparative analysis and evaluation of the two potential models of social
action
Mobilization theory is on the most relevant social action theory popular in the
literatures. This theory supports that all the essential resources for living or surviving
should be given to individuals(Snow, Soule, Kriesi & McCammon, 2018). Essential
resources for individuals to live their lives successfully are foods, habitat, financial
support , health assistance and skills(John & Mayer, 2017). The internationals students are
oppressed often from these aspects. For an example, they struggle for getting their daily
foods during the food scarcity arrived in Tasmania. The government aids and institutional
supports were not observed during that crisis of the students. The institutions did not
able to support the overseas student during the crisis period. There are other problem
related to essential resources present for the international student. Renting a house and
accommodation are one of the biggest problem among the students. Human rights
commission of Australia and the education department should understand importance of
the problem . A report named-”No Place Like Home” has depicted that there is a lack of
written petition and legal actions which are leading most of the inconveniences for the
international students (Chappell & Campbell, 2018). Unsecured properties and high rate
of taxes are overlooked by the Australian Government(Nelson, MacDonald, Dufty-Jones,
Dunn & Paradies, 2016). The student and respective organisation have been reported to the
authorities but they did not prioritise the factors. Therefore reconsideration of the

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Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
organisations’ position in the social movements must be emphasised as the institutions of
international students were filed to take actions accordingly. Lack of access to the
information regarding the housing business is the major issues for the students. Their
mental and physical health are affected by the impact of poor housing business in
Australia(MacDonald et al., 2016). There are numerous cases have been filed but not a
single one has been resulted as effective one for this purpose. Therefore the failure of
legal support servjces can be observed in this situations.
Ethnic and Racial movements
The ethnic and racial movements are one of the most significant movement in the
society. The movements convey collective objective to equalise their rights and equal
opportunities for availing every facilities(Snow et al., 2018). This movements are resulted
into the mass protest against the government or the administration of thee responsible
authorities. There are different examples of ethnic and racial movements for equality and
the establishing the common human rights of respective communities and the people
belonging to a socially oppressed group. There are different reasons behind this type of
discrimination in the society such as skin colour or pigmentation , religion, language,
difference in social behaviour and conducts. Therefore the proactive movements express
the demands which are oppressed ,overlooked and neglected by the local authorities and
government. Deprivation of civil rights and social exclusion will lead to this movement.
Anti-discrimination laws are not always maintained during when the question of giving
equal opportunities are arrived(www.humanrights.gov.au.,2020). International students are
come from different cultural and religious background. However, they should not be
discriminated by the native or majority of the citizens. Visa problems are significant
among the international students as a result they often face discrimination while
availing treatment in a hospital or having financial support from banks or even in the

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Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
sector of education. Moreover, there are multiple instances of protests in Australia against
racial discrimination (Lauren, 2018). For an example ; in 2010 , 1447 Indian students were
victims of crimes such as violence and robbery. In 2009, there were multiple instances of
assault and discriminations(Gowan & Teal, 2016). As a result, on 2009, more than 4000
students protested against vilifications and discriminations(Adam & Adongo, 2016). They
protested opposite to the Federation Square in Melbourne. They want multicultural police
stations and administrative bodies for equal rights in justice. There were different
controversies and legal actions were present during those protests. Australian Institute of
Criminology took an initiative by conducting a research on the rate of comparison
between crime rate among the international student and on the common Australians.
The mobilisation theory and the outcomes have shown that the petition to the
government engages different professionals whereas the mass protests are direct
expression for the sake of the demands. Letters and petitions to the government also take
longer period of time to the acquiesce of the demands to the respective authorities. The
mass protests are able to catch the attention of the officials easily as most of the media gets
involves with the protest for sharing the facts. On the other hand, mobilisation theory
revolves around the basics needs of a community or a group of people for better outcome.
On the contrary, the ethnic movements are emphasised on the reestablishment of their
personal and social position without any racial discrimination. The racial movements
might have legal complications during the outcomes and the activists might get arrested
on the charge of disobeying laws. The racial movements might get restricted in some
aspects as this movements are community specific and all international students do not
belong to same race or community . Therefore, threat of bias and reverse discrimination
might be present in this type of social movements. However, there are different opinions

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Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
are present on the effectiveness of the social actions, the key factor of social actions are to
improve the condition of the society.
Conclusion and recommendations
This report has showed that the social actions and advocacy must be included for
the improvement of the mental health of international student. Different advocacy policy and
social actions are also described in this study. Different factors of society are responsible
for the poor mental health of the international students. Moreover, precautions should be
taken to improve the lives of the students and to eradicate the factors which are responsible
for depression and poor mental health among the international student.
This submission recommends financial and legal advocacy support to the
international student for better accommodation and financial help for banking and availing
daily life commodities. They should be counselled on regular basis to understand whether
they are facing any difficulties for any type of discrimination or unfair behaviour form
others . universities should mandate mental and clinical health support group who will take
care of their health and wellbeing. Government should take actions for helping the students
by reducing or controlling the rent or accommodation fare for the students. Social workers
groups should take care of the students with research and giving support.

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Comparative analysis of theories and models for mental health
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