Understanding Computer Components and Clocking for SEO

This web assignment discusses the importance of computer components such as CPU, RAM, and Persistent Storage, along with Operating System, Software Licensing, and Clocking for SEO. It explains the functions and features of each component and how they impact SEO. The article also delves into the concept of clocking, its types, and how it affects SEO. The article is a comprehensive guide for anyone looking to understand computer components and clocking for SEO.

Running head: WEB ASSIGNMENT
Web Assignment
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1
Web Assignment
Table of Contents
Description 1:.............................................................................................................................2
CPU:.......................................................................................................................................2
RAM.......................................................................................................................................3
Persistent Storage...................................................................................................................3
Description 2:.............................................................................................................................4
Operating System...................................................................................................................4
Software licencing..................................................................................................................6
Description 3:.............................................................................................................................7
Reference:................................................................................................................................10

2
Web Assignment
Description 1:
CPU:
CPU stands for central processing unit which denotes to an electronic circuit capable
of fetching input commands or instructions from memory unit. Logic and arithmetic
operation care performed by the CPU and it also stored the data back to the memory device.
As the name implies it is the central unit of the whole system and installed in a dedicated
socket on motherboard along with a fan.
As shown in the diagram CPU is comprised two core units as ALU and CU. ALU
stand for arithmetic logic unit which performs all kind of logic and arithmetic operations in
system. It receives inputs of three type as status information from operations done
beforehand, data which will be operated and signal from Control Unit (Silberschatz, Gagne
and Galvin 2018). The other unit named Control Unit navigate the operations by sending
control and signals.
Figure 1: Components of the CPU

3
Web Assignment
Fetch, decode and execute are the main working functions of the CPU regardless of
their origin. In the current market major manufacturer of the CPU are AMD, VIA and Intel.
For mobile devices Apple, Samsung and QUALCOMM are the leading in the market.
RAM
RAM stand for Random Processing Memory which is a volatile memory as it cannot
store the memory without the power when computer is turned off. As it cannot store log term
memory, it is used for short term memory. It is used to access to the memory quickly rather
than sending request to the hard drivers. There are two type of RAM as DRAM and SRAM.
DRAM stand for Dynamic random access memory which refreshed frequently and denotes
the capacity of the RAM as well. For instance, if a computer has a 4GB RAM, the 4 indicates
to the DRAM. It is used as a main memory unlike SRAM which is used for cache. It stands
for static random Access Device and does not need to be refreshed dissimilar to the DRAM.
Figure 2: RAM
Persistent Storage
Persistent storage is the main storage location for all data such as operating system, files and
many more. The hard drive has a capability of limited storage depends on the slots. Unlike

4
Web Assignment
RAM it is a non-volatile memory which is capable of storing information without power.
Data stored in the device can be stored information even after having been power cycled.
There are mainly two type of persistent storage as HDD and SSD. HHD stands for hard disk
drives and SSD stands for solid state drive. RAM is a non- Persistent memory however,
certain types such as non-volatile RAM and flash-based RAM are persistent. Persistent
storage can be in the form of file, block or object storage.
Figure 3: Persistent storage
Description 2:
Operating System

5
Web Assignment
Operating system act as a bridge between the hardware and software interface. It can
be defined as integrated program which manage every operation and resources of the system.
The general functionality of the operating system is to act as a base for software application
in which the basic tasks are performed as keeping track of files and directories on the storage
drives, sending output to the display screen, recognizing input from the keyboard. It also
manage every program running on the system as well as responsible for security ensuring that
unauthorized users do not access the system (Agne et al. 2015). The application software are
designed to run on specific operating system. There are mainly two operating system which
are majorly popular as Microsoft windows and Apple IoS. Other than this, DOS, Linux and
UNIX are available in the market. There are several classification of operating system.
Microsoft Windows is a family of operating systems for personal and business computers.
Windows dominates the personal computer world, offering a graphical user interface (GUI),
virtual memory management, multitasking, and support for many peripheral devices.

6
Web Assignment
Figure 4: operating System
Real time: Responds to input instantly. General-purpose operating systems, such as DOS and
UNIX, are not real-time.
Multithreading : Allows different parts of a single program to run concurrently.
Multitasking : Allows more than one program to run concurrently
Multiprocessing : Supports running a program on more than one CPU.
Multi-user: Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time. Some operating
systems permit hundreds or even thousands of concurrent users.
The objective of the operating system is to provide fair and efficient sharing of resources
amongst programs and user, to manage different resources of a computer system, to provide
users a convenient interface to use the computer system.
Software licencing
Software licencing is a set of document which comprised with binding guidelines
along with the distribution and use details of the software. The licence provide the rights of
the application which must be followed by the user when distributing and using the software.
It is mainly used to restrict copy and wrong use of software. Software licensing conditions
and terms comprised with the limitations of liability, disclaimers, warranties and protections.
Whenever, user is making copies of any software for downloading pirated software or
distributing, loaning disks or buying a ligament software and using it on multiple system,
users committing copyright infringement which is commonly known as software piracy. Such
users can be held liable under criminal and civil law if found to make copies (Casado et al.
2015). The pirated software also brings risks which could damage the network through
embedded malicious applications. It is mainly used to restrict copy and wrong use of

7
Web Assignment
software. Software licensing conditions and terms comprised with the limitations of liability,
disclaimers, warranties and protections.
Description 3:
Clocking can be define as a search engine optimization technique where the contents
presented to the end user is different from the result search by the crawlers. Crawlers are the
spiders or bots. Clocking can also be define as black hat technique which is used to produce
different webpage depends on the end user and search bots. If an end user tries to open a
certain web page, a web page will appear which could be different when requested by search
bots. The practice of clocking has been band and declared as an illegal activity or black hat
SEO. According to the most popular search engine corporation Google, it violates the
webmaster guidelines and also alleged for providing different results than user expected.
Some most used clocking includes Inserting text or keywords into a page only when the
User-agent requesting the page is a search engine, not a human visitor and Serving a page of
HTML text to search engines, while showing a page of images or Flash to users. Clocking
was introduced for improve the ranking of search engine. It was pretty effective to mislead
the bots into getting the original content as bots could increase the traffic of the websites
which will restrict the users to access the website effectively. The clocking is used as
spamdexing technique as search engine poisoning and search engine spam to modify the
search result. The clocking is done by modifying the file named .htaccess. Every
communication device used IP addresses to access internet. Clocking can be apply on web
pages. For instance, Apache server consist of a module name mod_rewrite it can be
manipulated in order to apply clocking. The webmasters gathered and stored the search
engine crawler or Ip address and as the users request for a web site, it checks the ip address
and provide different version of the web address. If the requested IP address not belongs to
any crawlers, the normal webpage is delivered. This is just the explanation of black hat

8
Web Assignment
clocking. There are also several type of practice followed by the webmasters. Generally,
search engine rank and index web pages according to the titles, META tags and other
techniques. While keeping this in mind, webmaster does the followings.
Image gallery Websites:
Many website are embed with more images and comparing to the contents. The issue
hare is the images cannot be scanned by crawlers. So, webmasters think that cloaking could
help them get top placement for relevant keywords.
HTML Rich Website:
A good SEO recommends having “TEXT to HTML ratio” as high as possible. In
other words, your web page should have more text (content) as compared to your HTML
tags. But if anyone is writing short articles or posts, your text to HTML ratio will be very
low. To avoid redesigning the website, folks choose cloaking to meet SEO guidelines
However, the IP delivery can be more effective and efficient variation of clocking. In
this approach different content is delivered depends on the IP address. In this type of
clocking, the crawlers never visits the original page while the end users can visit the original
content. The approach is followed in heavy graphics sites which have very little textual
content as images cannot be analysed by the crawlers. The IP address is used to identify the
location of the request. Such information helps to provide the exact content for specific
country. However, this functionality can be achieved without using the clocking. For
example, Google also used ip delivery for targeting different ads into different regions.
However, IP delivery is unreliable and crude method to identify the content language. The
webmasters gathered and stored the search engine crawler or Ip address and as the users
request for a web site, it checks the ip address and provide different version of the web
address. If the requested IP address not belongs to any crawlers, the normal webpage is

9
Web Assignment
delivered. This is just the explanation of black hat clocking. There are also several type of
practice followed by the webmasters. Generally, search engine rank and index web pages
according to the titles, META tags and other techniques. While keeping this in mind,
webmaster does the followings.

10
Web Assignment
Reference:
Agne, A., Happe, M., Keller, A., Lubbers, E., Plattner, B., Platzner, M. and Plessl, C., 2014.
ReconOS: An operating system approach for reconfigurable computing. IEEE Micro, 34(1),
pp.60-71.
Casado, M., Amidon, K.E., Balland III, P.J., Gude, N., Pettit, J., Pfaff, B.L., Shenker, S.J. and
Wendlandt, D.J., NICIRA Inc, 2015. Network operating system for managing and securing
networks. U.S. Patent 9,083,609.
Kamel, M.R. and Donahue, P.W., MELROK, LLC, 2017. Energy search engine with
autonomous control. U.S. Patent 9,727,068.
Liu, X., Li, Y. and Liu, K., 2015. Clocking-optimization method for figure-error balancing in
complex optical systems. Optical Engineering, 54(5), p.057103.
Reeves, B., Reeves, P., Teltz, R., Reeves, D., Sirpal, S. and Tyghe, C., Z124, 2014. Multi-
operating system. U.S. Patent 8,898,443.
Silberschatz, A., Gagne, G. and Galvin, P.B., 2018. Operating system concepts. Wiley.