Research in Health: Translating Science to Practice

This assignment provides a comprehensive overview of research methods and strategies relevant to healthcare professionals. It covers topics such as study design, implementation, and evaluation, as well as qualitative methods and cultural competence in health care. The resources provided include texts on research methodologies, health information technology, and social work practices.

Health and Social Care

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Concepts of health, disability, illness and behaviour related to users of health and social
care services................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Assess how perceptions of specific needs have changed over time .....................................2
1.3 Analyse the impact of legislation, social policy, society and culture on the ways that
services are made available for individuals with specific needs.................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Analysis of care needs of individuals with specific needs....................................................3
2.2 Current system for supporting individuals with specific needs............................................4
2.3 Availability of services for individuals with specific needs.................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Explain the approaches and interventions available to support individuals with specific
needs ...........................................................................................................................................6
3.2 Evaluate the effectiveness of intervention strategies for an individual with specific need(s)
.....................................................................................................................................................7
3.3 Discuss the potential impact of emerging developments on support for individuals with
specific needs..............................................................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Explain different concepts of challenging behaviour............................................................8
4.2 Potential impact of challenging behaviour on Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation.......9
4.3 Analyse strategies for working with challenging behaviours associated with specific needs
...................................................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11
.......................................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The health and social care (HSC) industry are performing various activities for care and
support people to live sustainable life. It mainly provides care as well as support to those
individuals who have possessed different abilities and require special needs of care. For the
purpose to serve care to meet specific needs of disabled or impaired individuals, service
providers run various programs and supportive activities (Aveyard, 2014). This assignment have
included four main tasks, on the basis of case study, where discussion about different parts of the
support care of HSC has made. Under this case study, a review has given on services failed man
having brain surgery who took own life, by Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust. Here,
concept and perceptions of health care related to health, disability and illness are discussed in
first part. Further, in another part, an analysis on approaches and intervention strategies that
meets specific needs of are assessed, for effectiveness regarding care provision. At last, concepts
of different challenging behaviour as well as strategies for working with the same are
highlighted.
TASK 1
1.1 Concepts of health, disability, illness and behaviour related to users of health and social care
services
As per opinion of World Health Organisation, it has been identified that health of a
person defined as absence of disease free and complete well-being, in terms of physical, mental
and social status. In this regard, illness can taken as a temporary poor condition of an individual
which can be cured. While, way the people react at different situation and actions is termed as
behaviour where, every person behave in unique manner (Banerjee, 2015). Losing the proper
functioning of physical, intellectual, sensory and psychiatrist parts of human body is known as
disabilities. According to ILO (International Labour Organisation), disability of an individual
before making any kind of judgement, must be determined and assessed by medical practitioners
only.
As per the given case scenario, an individual named by Tom having brain injury, has took
own life in June 2014, due to lack of proper care and support from Somerset NHS. 20 years
before, this person has met with an accident and developed long-standing mobility and mental
health. In this regard, it has been analysed that cause for this suicidal case is inappropriate
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service provided by this healthcare corporation, that results in deteriorating the mental health.
This leads to changes behaviour of disabled person due to high chronic pain and insomnia, that
takes him under depression (Blank, Burau and Kuhlmann, 2017). Therefore, through this case
study, it has been analysed that if a person is suffering from mental disability and didn't get
proper care then it put negative affect on health and mind. It leads to put life of such individuals
in risk that sometime may cause to death also as prove in given case.
1.2 Assess how perceptions of specific needs have changed over time
It has been identified that people who were suffering from mental health problems or
having permanent impairments in their bodies, were sent in asylums mostly in past decades.
Society were that time believed that disabled individuals are possessed through superstitious and
therefore, they treat them unequally and badly. But now, there has been a lots of changes in
perceptive of disabled people and the manner in which specific needs of them are meet. Many
rules and regulations have been made like Anti-Discrimination Act 1991 to develop equality
within society and workplaces (Brownson, Colditz and Proctor, 2017). This kind of development
lead to create changes in practices and perception of people towards society to meet specific
needs of disabled. It would help in reducing state of depression of such individuals and support
them to live normal life as others. In the given scenario, from 20 years Tom has put in asylum
where due to inappropriate care services, mental and physical health of this person was
continually deteriorating. It results to put this individual in depression, who further take his own
life. By concerning on such issues, Government of UK has made strict legislations so that
practices related to meet specific needs of such people can be sustained in health care
institutions.
1.3 Analyse the impact of legislation, social policy, society and culture on the ways that services
are made available for individuals with specific needs
The regulations which are made to stop discrimination with disabled people have a large
impact on health care institutions, that provide services to meet special needs and support of such
persons (Eyles and Woods, 2014). It includes Equality Act 2010, Health and Social Care Act
2006, National Health Service 2006, Disability Discrimination Act 1995 etc. All these acts
specially emphasizes on reducing discrimination and stopping to treat unequally to those people
who have specific needs. By considering the case study of Tom, it has seen that after
commitment of suicide by this person, now his parents were taking legal actions for
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inappropriate services by care providers (Corin, 2017). They have made complaint to MP against
both medical practitioners and social care users who failed to perceive Tom as a vulnerable adult.
This shows that how regulations have been created by government to support such people who
have specific needs of care. Thus, such laws have helped to increase independence as well as
access to health care of people who requires special need and support. In the case study of Tom,
the acts such as Disability Act 1995 and human rights act of 1998 were violated as this mentally
retarted person was not recieved with a proper environment, which assured the security of him
(DePoy and Gitlin, 2015). Now, health authorities like Somerset Council and other NHS
Foundation Trust had taken several actions for reducing the health threats of disabled and people
having permanent impairment, by implementing better practices for improving vulnerabilities of
time. This would have shown that how such legislations, health care practitioners and policies
have assured the health of disabled one.
TASK 2
2.1 Analysis of care needs of individuals with specific needs
There is requirement of some specific needs which is important to provide helps and
assistance to special people. In case of Tom, as he was suffering from brain injury, then there are
possibilities that they may need special treatment. There is requirement of some helps such as
proper daily facilities which assist in getting positive outcome in the form of their satisfaction
(Shepherd and Lewis-Fernandez, 2016). In order to make them satisfied, society, relatives,
friends has to provide them equality in society. As they are required to get extra care through
which they can perform their daily activities such as dressing sense ability, to roam around near
by areas such as garden, etc. Hence it is important to train and accompany them to conduct these
activities. They need care while they are performing or talking in group. It is important because
their boost their confidence that family friends, etc. are with them.
In case of Tom, he is addict of alcohol which affects their physical as well as mental
health. In this case, he requires family support and love to avoid alcohol addiction. They are
required to be part of society in social gatherings and accept culture in society. For special
individuals, they are not required to be treated with sympathy but they might have equal rights to
show their feelings. In current market, they are not actually getting what they need, so it is
important to make changes in their performance. There is social need which is strong in special
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people which makes team understand changes which are happening in society and they are able
to react according to it.
As per case study, Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust is not performing well to
provide better services to Tom. This makes their family dissatisfied to be part of the do not want
to avail services (Stoddart and Evans, 2017). This affects mental health of Tom because he has
fear theta he can not able to perform well. There is requirement of care taker which has to be take
care of activities of Tom. This helps them to understand difference between what is wrong and
right. Hence there is requirement of social, security and physiological needs which has to be
satisfied.
2.2 Current system for supporting individuals with specific needs
There is requirement of some training, assistance to special people which assist them to
perform their regular activities like others. This makes them able to earn their basic livelihood
and live with liberty. There are different organisations in UK which works for special individuals
to perform activities according to culture and behaviour of values of society. There are may
NGO's which are working to enhance skills for special individuals (Thompson, 2015). These
organisations includes Development of Educational, Scientific and Cultural organisation for
Disabled, Information Center For person With disability, Community services for Austistic
Adults and children, Benhavens Residential Program, etc. are some associations which works to
improve working style.
In these organisations, there are different programs which are sponsored to improve their
knowledge. As per case study Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust is the place which
assist to improve their working style in industry. Main prior of these organisation is to provide
knowledge, so Tom is able to their activities and get socially able to represent themselves. Some
system are planned by Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust which assist them to
enhance their knowledge and skills.
Counselling- Counselling is provided to Tom through which they are clear about
behaviour which they are required to perform while in group or at social level (Thompson,
2016). With counselling Tom is able to understand ill- effects of alcohol, so this gives positive
impact on conscious level. They are ale to think about their career goals which are effective for
conducting their regular activities and able to earn some specific amount of money.
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Advice and Guidance- Advice are provided by Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation
which is specific and relevant to understand changes what is wrong and right. For instance: Tom
is behaving in aggressive manner, then after he calm down, there is session in which guidance is
provided regarding to overcome angry nature. This guidance and advice are some times are
friends, relatives and family members.
Personal development program- There are different personal development programs
which helps to develop knowledge, skill of individuals. Special individuals does not want
sympathy, they want to live wit liberty by earning specific amount and getting equal rights. So in
order to achieve it, there are some changes personality development program which assist in
improving communication skill, way of presenting themselves, etc.
2.3 Availability of services for individuals with specific needs
There are many health care sectors in UK to improve living of standards of special
individuals including children (Waterson, 2014). As per case study, this report is based in
Somerset Partnership NHS Foundations which is big organisation providing better services to
individuals suffering from physical and mental illness. There are many services provided by
Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation for overcoming and reducing hurdles to reside in society.
This organisation provides services at affordable at cheap rate. Some services provided to special
candidates are discussed as under-
Urgent and emergency care- There is provision of some urgent and emergency care to
special candidates in NHS. For instance: there is requirement of emergency services to mentally
retarded patients, then family members can contact to NHS. There is facility of wheelchair for
assistance to physical impairment of candidates due to war.
Mental health services- Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation works to provide mental
assistance to individuals. In case of Tom, if he behave in aggressive nature, then there is facility
of mental assistance for overcome with problem.
Power to make decisions- There are different decisions which has to taken on the behalf
of special candidates. Hence in this case, thee is power of attorney to take decisions on their
behalf. There are sometimes situation arise which is not in control, so in this case, there is
requirement of take fact decisions which assist in overcoming situation to get best services for
the time.
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TASK 3
3.1 Explain the approaches and interventions available to support individuals with specific needs
Health and social care refers to the term which is directly interlinked with services that
are provided to patients from health care providers. It includes care worker and social worker.
Care worker are the one who support people in living their life effectively (Giger, 2016). These
workers mainly support individual in fulfilling their personal needs and daily based need
independently. Whereas, social workers are the individuals who guides and support medical
unhealthy patients who are suffering from various diseases like aged issue, disabilities, mental
illness etc. With reference to present case study, it has been analysed that an individual named as
Tom is facing issues related to mental health. In this, Tom had met with an accident in which
brain of this person injured badly. This caused severe headache and insomnia issue. In this
regard there are numerous of approaches and intervention which will help health and social care
planner in providing effective treatment to Tom. One of the main approach which will improve
insomnia issue of Tom defined as below:
 Cognitive behavioural therapy: It is an first therapy which works as an approach for
insomnia patient. It is an program in which individuals gets treatment for identifying their
own thoughts and behaviour that hampers their sleeping. This therapy completely ignore
sleeping pills which also impacts negatively on patients health.
Along with this, there are some intervention strategy which support brain injured person
specified in case study is defined as below:
Physical intervention: This strategy mainly incorporate with the suitable human action
and various theories which helps patient (Glasby and Dickinson, 2014). This strategy also helps
patient in recollecting their lost capabilities. It also helps them in returning to their previous
lifestyle which were lived by them in past.
Psychological intervention: Patients are mainly having challenging behaviour which
makes it difficult for medical practitioner to provide effective treatment to patients as it is not
easy for them to convince patients. With reference to the case study, it can be said that
mentioned patient is mainly dealing with mental health issue due insomnia. There fore, this
intervention strategy helps medical practitioner in developing spirit of living among patient. This
treatment will also help patient in overcoming depression, tension, self-destructive inclination
and identity changes.
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Professional intervention: This intervention strategy emphasis on placing efforts
towards medical practitioner in which they prepares some suitable options for overcoming
inability issue. This also helps them in procur8ing themselves from unexpected situations.
3.2 Evaluate the effectiveness of intervention strategies for an individual with specific need(s)
The main of aid of health care strategies is to improve quality life of patients. This is
basically done on the basis of citizenship, participation in social events, opportunities,
empowerment and providing equivalent rights etc. With relation to the current case study, it has
been analysed that medical practitioners can use all of the above specified intervention strategies
which helps them in providing effective treatment to patient suffering from insomnia (Golightley
and Goemans, 2017). In this regard, it has been evaluated that there intervention strategies will
help medical practitioner in convincing this mental unfit patient to take treatment at regular
basis. This make it easier for medical staff to provide better treatment to patient by which they
can improve their medical condition and live their previous lifestyle. According to the case,
psychological intervention strategy will be best for improving health condition of Tom. Main
advantage for medical practitioners in order to improving their medical condition are defined as
below:
 Psychological intervention places positive impact upon patient and helps medical
practitioner in providing better treatment. This is because, they uses effective counselling
sessions for patients which makes these patient comfortable and also influences them to
get motivated and place their own efforts to improve their own medical state (Maslach,
2017).
 At next, it can be said that counselling session also attracts other patients to participate
regularly in these session in order to improve their medical health.
 Another effectiveness of these session is that it develops positive environment for patient
in which they can easily share their issues with counsellor. They can also discuss their
personal or professional any kind of issue which affects their mental health. This makes
them feel relax which ultimately improves their health condition.
3.3 Discuss the potential impact of emerging developments on support for individuals with
specific needs.
Development is required in every industry. In relation to health care sector, it can be said
that technological innovation will help medical practitioner in providing effective treatment to
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patient through they can improve their health situation (Green and Thorogood, 2018). With
reference to mentally unfit patient, it can be said that advance technology like CCTV cameras
helps medical practitioner in monitoring each and every activity of their patient through which it
can be easily evaluated that they are improving or not. This also aware medical staff about any
wrong activity or situation which could result as a hazardous situation in future. It can be further
said that technological development also reduces chances of misshapenness which could occur in
patients cell. Along with this, it also provides free environment to patients as they are not always
surrounded with doctors all the time. This makes them feel relaxed and improves their health
conditions.
TASK 4
4.1 Explain different concepts of challenging behaviour
It has been analysed that a challenging behaviour that an individual is carrying somehow
can be considered as actions that are socially unacceptable (O'connor, 2017). In present case,
where Tom who had the problem of insomnia has become paranoid because of the sleeping
issues and this resulted negative upon overall health conditions of Tom. It can be said that when
an individual who consist with a challenging behaviour, it is vital for others that are specifically
around that person can be physically harmed and their safety will be in jeopardy.
While treating an individual like Tom who got physically challenged because of the
accident, there are a range of theories which can be utilised so that to identify the challenging
behaviour among people (Jeffreys, 2015). The primal one which can be used and i.e. pre
scientific or the superstitious belief that was believed by people a long time ago. This theory
basically says that, people that are continuously believing that an individual like Tom who is
having a challenging behaviour can be caused because of a specific reason and i.e. superstitious,
unusual power and effects.
On the second position, it can be said that biological belief an another theory which is
linked to challenging behaviour. This concept of behaviour was based on biological and logical
bases. In present case, it can be said that people that are physically challenged. This concept can
be considered as one of a crucial aspect which specifically offers medical support and care for
the behaviourally challenged people to get better with the defects or illnesses they have (Lewis,
2018). It is being found that behaviour is related to the medical model of disability. Third belief
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(concept of challenging behaviour) is social construction theory which is similar to the social
model of disability (Padgett, 2016). Therefore, in present case it can easily be said that the
present case was on the biological belief where Tom has met with an accident and by which a
problem came in front and i.e. Insomnia.
4.2 Potential impact of challenging behaviour on Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation
There are many patients at Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation which has challenging
behaviour because of their mental or physical impairment. For instance: if Tom is not in his
conscious mind because of medication, and he is in aggressive nature, then this affects
environment of Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation (Pahl, 2016). Some challenges which has
to be handled by managers of Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation while dealing with
challenging behaviour are discussed as under-
Individual risk management and assessment- There is risk of individual's health because
of illness. There is challenge to manage and proper plan activities through which they can
manage and assess risk of getting adverse results on the brand image of Somerset Partnership
NHS Foundation. Hence there is provision of power of attorney under which managers of health
care organisation can take decisions in case of urgency (Purnell, 2014).
Protection issues- There is issue of protection opf patient. In Somerset Partnership NHS
Foundation, there are different patients such as physically handicapped, mentally ill, etc. so their
protection is one major challenge which managers face. For instance: individual with
unconscious mind left the hospital premises, then this affects trust and loyalty of client's family.
There are possibilities of major legal issues under rules and regulations.
Violent behaviour- There is issue in organisation when patient acts in aggressive nature.
There are some patients which are mentally ill and they do not have idea regarding what is
wrong and right. This affects environment of Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation in negative
manner, and possibilities of physical violence with staff. When patient acts violently, this is the
major risk which affects satisfaction of employees.
From the above discussion, impact of issues arise due to challenging behaviour of
patients are understood. In order top deal with it, it is responsibility of managers of Somerset
Partnership NHS Foundation to proper plan and manage.
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4.3 Analyse strategies for working with challenging behaviours associated with specific needs
As understanding and dealing with challenging behaviour is considered as biggest issue
for service providers, that needs to be dealt with patience (Redmond, 2017). Therefore, for this
purpose to support and provide services to the individuals having challenging behaviour, it is
essential to develop certain strategies. It includes organising the learning events and training for
practitioners as well as commissioners who work around people with specific needs. As per
present case study, as medical practitioners of Somerset NHS Foundation work with individuals
with brain injuries. Thus, it is vital for authoritis and service providers to carry out a proper
analysis about changing behaviour of disabled people, before making any judgement (Dong,
Wong and Simon, 2014). After then giving treatment and positive environment accordingly to
turn negative perception of such individuals into positive, help in supporting them to sustain
normal life. It will reduce the chance of occuring of such case in future and practitioners can also
ensure that now, no other brain injury survivors will commit suicide. Here, a clear burification
also need to be done between individuals' specifc needs with disability and type of treatment or
services provided to them. Along with this, by implementing effective practices like equality
amond individuals, treating disabled people equally and respectfully etc. also lead to make
improvement in vulnerable life of them.
CONCLUSION
From this assignment on social and health care practices, it has been concluded that
changing perceptions of society and people towards individuals having specific needs, help them
in sustaining a normal life. Here, regulatory bodies, government and culture play an important
role for improving condition of disabled and permanent impaired people. To meet specific needs
of such individuals and support them to live health life, various acts have been made with a
motive to stop discriminatory practices from health and social care sectors that harms interests of
such people. Now, HSC institutions and service care providers are adopted different approaches
and interventions to support individuals for their well-being.
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REFERENCES
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Brownson, R. C., Colditz, G. A. and Proctor, E. K. eds., 2017. Dissemination and
implementation research in health: translating science to practice. Oxford University Press.
Corin, E., 2017. The social and cultural matrix of health and disease. In Why are some people
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Dong, X., Wong, E. and Simon, M. A., 2014. Study design and implementation of the PINE
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