Concepts of Positive Mental Health
Added on 2021-05-31
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1.Mental health is not only about being free of mental disorders like bipolar, depression, schizophrenia etc. but it is also about the ability to have a positive sense of wellbeing. Positive mental health allows individual to enjoy pleasures of life, having faith in their own abilities, enjoy socializing, work efficiently and productively and cope with several stresses of life. It prevents from mental illness and leads to greater satisfaction and enjoyment with one’s life.Positive mental health leads to have capacity to face challenges in life and enjoy life to the fullest. According to World Health Organization, health is a complete state of mental, physical and social wellbeing and not only the absence of any illness or diseases (Carr, 2012). Concepts of positive mental health involves subjective well-being, autonomy, perceived self-efficacy, competence and ability to recognize one’s emotional potential and intellectual (Srivastava, 2011). It is about increasing competencies of individuals and societies and enabling them to gain their self-determined objectives and goals. An increasing body of cross culture evidence exhibit that several behavioral, psychological and social factors can support and protect positive mental health. Economic and social condition, life experience, workplace and other environments are the social determinates of mental health.Good mental health can be characterized by an individual’s ability to fulfill several important activities and functions which includes The ability to express, manage and feel range of negative and positive emotionCapacity to maintain and form good relationship with peopleAbility to learnCapacity to manage and cope with uncertainty and changeSuch support and protection help to resist several diseases, decreases and delays exposure of disabilities and promotes rapid recovery from diseases or illness. According to Isaac Ray who is one of the founder of American Psychiatric Association defines mental health or hygiene as “an art to protect the mind against all influences and incidents calculated to worsen its qualities and impair its energies”. WHO argued that people from different cultures, sociopolitical and socioeconomic environments may have different meaning of mental health (Hall, McKinstry, Hyett, 2016). It acknowledges these aspects of diverse cultures and propose the idea that the fundamental notion of mental health can remain steady irrespective of its extensive and diverse interpretation across culture.Poverty, discrimination, racism domestic or family violence, substance abuse, sexual abuse, stress full situation like financial problems, death of loved once, divorce, chronic medical condition etc. are the main factors that increase the risk of mental health problems. Healthier lifestyles, higher educational attainment, better physical health, employment, greater productivity, earnings have positive impact on mental health of individual (Mental health: a stateof well-being, 2014). Thus, it is evident that a good mental health is of great significance for any individuals to accomplish his goals in life.
2. Samira has been facing physical, mental and social issues after the sudden demise of her husband. The well-being and mental health of an individual is influenced not only by their attitude or behavior but also by the social factors or circumstances in which the person live or find themselves. These factors combine together dynamically and can affect or protect the mentalhealth of the individual.Environmental influences:The wider geopolitical and socio-cultural surrounding has huge impact on individual, family or community mental health status including access to basic services and commodities, practices or attitudes, exposure to predominating cultural beliefs and also the socio-economic policies formedat national level. For example: the crashing of stock market can have significant consequences, increasing the number of suicides and drug or substance abuses. Inequality, discrimination and conflict are the determinants of mental health. These determinants interact with each other in a way that it can work against or for particular individual’s mental health. For example, an individual’s confidence can grow or diminish depending upon the kind of support or economic security at group level which can be influenced by social justice, political stability or economic growth of a country (Young, 2014). As per this case study, Samira is going through several issues and is in need of emotional and mental support to escape from the present situation. After the sudden death of her husband, she might be facing financial problems as she needs to take care of her and children needs like school, medical and household expenses. The complaints of her 9-year old son behavior at school is adding more stress to her. She has faced several incidentsof violence and threats during her days in Syria which is also one of the major factor that has affected her mental health.Cultural influences:Culture directly influences how individual cope with their issues and how and what kind of treatment they seek. The perception and attitude towards mental illness varies with race, ethnicity, cultures, individual, family, community or country. The type of culture and religious preaching often affects the thinking towards the origin and kind of mental illness and forms certain perception towards the mental health. People often have mistrustful attitude towards the health care providers of different culture (Andrade & Sofia, 2016). Stigma is another factor that is influenced by culture of an individual. Even migration from one country to another is a stressful life event that influences individual mental health leading to psychological distress (Mizock, 2017). In addition, to find out whether the mentally ill person is experiencing social stigma, the view about the mental health can affect his willingness and readiness to seek and stick to the treatment. Hence, it is vital to understand individual cultural beliefs and their view regarding mental illness for the proper implementation of effective technique to mental health care. For example, there are some Indo- American tribes who do not stigmatize mental illness, while there are some other fractions who do stigmatize some mental illness and there are other tribe who stigmatize all mental illness.
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