Labour Market and Social Protection Reforms

The provided document is a collection of references related to labour market outcomes, migrant integration, and social protection reforms in Australia. It includes articles, reports, and studies from various sources such as academic journals, research institutions, and government websites. The references cover topics like migrant labour force participation, cultural capital in business education, and employer demands from graduates. The document also provides information on Australian tourism labour force trends and the integration of humanitarian migrants into the host country labour market.

Running Head: International Workplace Practice
International Workplace Practice

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Executive Summary
It is important for an international student to look for opportunities and the adequate target
market to enter. In this report, three different industries are identified which a student studying
international business can choose. It includes unemployment and employment rate, labour
market trends etc. Further, the international students also face intercultural issues while studying
abroad (Australia) which are discussed in the latter part of the task. Lastly, it also talks about the
particular job line and the organization which best suited for the student of International Business
and the organization as well. A job seeking action plan identified that represented the framework
of the student to attain job in the Globus Travel Company. The report talks about the career
options and profound jobs which an IB candidate can perform.

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Contents
Executive Summary.....................................................................................................................................1
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................1
Australian labour market trend for tourism and hospitality industry..........................................................1
Career opportunities in retail (supermarket) and management consultancy industries.............................2
Industry specific recruitment agencies........................................................................................................3
Intercultural Challenges...............................................................................................................................4
Recommendations.......................................................................................................................................5
Creative job seeking plan.........................................................................................................................5
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................6
References...................................................................................................................................................7

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Introduction
The purpose of this report is to provide a brief overview of the career opportunities within
Australian Labour Market for a student studying International Business in the country. The
report talks about the environment of the company for labour and career opportunities in the
country. It also talks about the recruitment agencies which helps a candidate in achieving
required job. This report includes three industries under which a student studying masters of
international business can work. Further it also talks about the job seeking plan; more details
about the task are discussed below:
Australian labour market trend for tourism and hospitality industry
The employment rate in the tourism and hospitality industry is directly linked to the rate of dollar
in the country because on that basis only outsiders come and exchange the amount to spend in
the country. So, decrease in the rate of dollar acts as green signal for the industry as it increases
sales which also increases the career opportunities for the employees in the country. Also, the
plan initiated by the government of the country namely Tourism 2020 gives an opportunities to
the job seekers to work in this industry (Australian Government 2018). There has been increase
in tourism activities in the country by 13.1% from 8.6 million in 2016–17 to 9.2 million in 2017–
18 and 9.7 million in 2018–19. Further it should also be noted that the Treasury forecasted that
unemployment rate of the country has reduced to 5.75% in June quarter 2017-2018, due to the
entrance of many unemployed people in the country (Deloitte 2015). The wage rate is expected
to increase which also gives an opportunity to people to get employed under this industry. This
industry of Australia nearly employs 8% of total employed people in the country which means
that the tourism and hospitality industry is working well and earning profits in the international
market. In this industry, technology helps in linking different countries with the use of
globalization process. Like China initiated One Belt, One Road policy to connect with different
parts of the world. So, it should be understood that technology has a positive impact on this
industry.
‘Ratio of employees employed in tourism and hospitality sector of Australia’

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Source: (Cunningham, and Davis 2011)
Further, talking about the employment and unemployment trend in the country, it should be
noted that industry is aggressively earning profits which is good for the employee forces as well.
But the organizations present in the industry employs people on part time basis which means that
during peak season they hire people and during lean season they suspend them from the
company. But the overall growth of the company is positive which makes it more attractive for
the people seeking for job. Talking about competition in the industry, as the industry has become
one of the most wanted industry in which people wants to work, which makes it tough
competition for people to work (Hawthorne 2016). Due to incentives and perks people enjoy
working in tourism and hospitality industry which increases the level of competition in labour
market. The national trend is analyzed that there are 51% of companies in industry which are
seasonal which detracts the interest of employees and the organizations also find it difficult to
recruit and retain the employees in the organization. But there has been a consistent change in
trend from 2011 which gives opportunities to people and organization this industry to grow and
excel.
Career opportunities in retail (supermarket) and management
consultancy industries
By studying International Business, a person gets optimum opportunities to move into every field
which they want. But as per my understanding the retail (supermarket) industry and the

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consultancy industry would be best suited for me. In retail sector I can go for sales manager and
in consultancy industry I gain great scope to become management analyst for different
organizations.
Initially talking about the retail sector, it should be noted that the total size of the retail market
has repeatedly increased which gives rise of the employment opportunities for people in the
country. In Australia, there are many big organizations present in the retail sector that requires
the sales manager for their organization (Harrison 2018). Along with large scale stores, there are
many organizations working at small scale also. Part time and full time employment rate for food
retailing is increasing within an optimum speed. The country is also opening ways for female
employment which encourages workplace equality and diversity. Apart from that, it should be
noted that the retail business have large scale sales and advertisement activities which gives an
opportunity to the sales manager to increase the sales of the company in the international market
as well (McMurray, Dutton, McQuaid, and Richard 2016). The retail business has great scope of
profit within them and the people of Australia prefers using retail services in order purchase any
product from the market. So, in order to promote the domestic activities of the business in the
international market, the companies require sales manager who can adequately monitor the
international market and activities and then assist the employees accordingly so that they can
easily place themselves in the international market as well (Bonoli 2017).
A sales manager who has studied international business can easily understand the opportunities
present in the market with the use of which they can easily grow and attain competitive
advantage as well. So, based on the career of International business management student, this job
is best suited which helps a person use their capabilities to excel. Relating it to labour market of
Australia, it should be noted that there is not enough competition in the industry. Candidate
having adequate technological knowledge and skills is welcomed by the organizations (Sturdy,
Wright, and Wylie 2016).
Another industry is the consultancy industry; I chose this industry as my future option become
being an international business student one is being taught about different managerial expansion
strategies which are useful for organization who wants to expand their business. Further, looking
at Australian labour market it should be noted that there has been a consistent increase in the
total consultancy market in the country. Past the past year, it increased by 5.2% in the current

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which a positive sign for the people is aiming to enter under this industry. A start-up consultancy
is a great option to grow in the international market as it gives an opportunity to the person to
work as an entrepreneur and become the owner of the business (Oakley, and O'Connor 2015).
Apart from that management analyst is also a great idea because now day’s people do not want
to invest their income in sources which do not multiply their amount. Due to this reason people
come to analyst who provides them different options and areas where they can invest their
income in order to earn profit. Consultancy services provided to company for the growth and
expansion also have great scope in the Australian market. As many organizations nowadays want
to expand their business in domestic as well as international market for which they seek
consultancy services from management analyst. Consultancy industry is new and efficient and
provides a great opportunity to people to grow and expand in different markets which they are
unable to approach (Dustmann 2015).
Industry specific recruitment agencies
Superior People Recruitment Company (tourism and hospitality)
Superior People Recruitment is a professional employment agency that serves its recruitment
services in different parts in Australia. The company does not use any traditional model to
provide recruitment to the target customers present in the market. The best advantage to get
recruitment with this company is that they provide six months guarantee replacement period with
affordable fee. The company has a great data that says that they have recruited around 72% of
candidates in a minimum time period of 12 months. Lastly, as a candidate this company is
reliable and provide guaranteed results as well (Superior People 2018)
Chandler Macleod Co. (Consulting)
This company is one of the best organizations which can help a person attain a job in
consultancy field. As this organization itself provides consultancy services, also it provides a
personality test on the basis of which a person can easily identify the type of job and the industry
in which they can attain after studies in order to attain optimum return on investment. Further,
his organization also successfully entertains the issues of advance job seekers. Lastly, this

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organization is best to gain consultancy for the job because it adequately identifies the talent of a
person and provide them opportunity accordingly (Chandler Macleod 2018).
Michael Page (Sales and marketing)
This company is a global leader in providing recruitment to the job seeker; also it has around 140
offices in 36 countries. So, alliance with this company can provide an opportunity to the person
to seek for a job outside Australia. Sales and market is field which requires field work, so this
organization adequately places people according to their specifications in different industries.
Lastly, it should be noted that this organization is working from past 12 years which makes them
professional in this field. Also the company has strong connections with different famous and
large scale organizations. Thus, it can help a person in finding the best job for them (Michael
Page 2018).
Intercultural Challenges
 Being a native of China, the first and foremost difficulty while studying abroad is the
language differentiation problem. Language is the biggest barrier which affect
communication with different people in country because in Australia English is the main
language which is spoken by all an in China, Chinese is the language which is most
prevalent. Also, the studies says that one of the biggest reason that make Chinese people
study abroad is that they want improve their English spoken and communication skills
(Nachmias, and Walmsley 2015).
 Apart from communication, host culture is another challenge which is faced by Chinese
people studying abroad. Australia has different culture as compared to China which
makes the Chinese people feel outsider. At the initial level these people are unable to
communicate properly and then cultural differences make them feel insecure in the
country. At the beginning people feel cultural shock when they do not find familiar signs
and symbols in everyday life which makes them mentally stressed. Further, it makes
more difficult for a person to sustain in an environment which culturally distinct from
theirs (Delaporte, and Piracha 2018).
 Social interaction in one way which reduces the intercultural challenges of international
student, but depressingly people of Australia fails to welcome the sojourners positively.

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As the Chinese students are unable to appropriately interact with their Australian peers
that loses their opportunity to understand and adapt the Australian culture and ethnicity
(Kalfa, and Taksa 2015). As the country is good source of education, so many Chinese
people come to study here, resulting to which these people do not interact with local
people, instead they talk to other Chinese people coming from their native place
(Blackmore, Gribble, and Rahimi 2017). As discussed above, China and Australia have
different cultures due to which the governmental policies in both the countries are
different which makes it difficult for the international student to understand the social and
political system of the country (Li, Mahuteau, Dockery, and Junankar 2017). But looking
at the hofstede’s cultural dimension mode, people of Australia are more indulgent than
restraint. The figure of 71 states people like to socialize with each other which gives
opportunity to people of different cultural background to interact with them.
Recommendations
Thus it should be recommended that the best industry to work in is the tourism and hospitality
industry. As discussed above that this industry is working well in the country which increases the
scope of people to earn money, apart from that the companies present in this industry provide
perks and benefits as well (Sonnenschein, Barker, Hibbins, and Cain 2017). Being a student of
International Business, this industry will help me to use my studies and work better. I am most
interested in the company Globus travel Company (Globus 2018).
Creative job seeking plan
Goals Tasks Estimated Time to
complete
Goal 1: Update
Resume
Make proper resume 1 hour
Post resume in career services for
review
1 hour
Amend changes accordingly. 1 hour
Tailor according to interested
companies
1 hour
Goal 2:
Apply to 5-7 jobs
in
Search online for companies in market. 1-3 hours

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the field
Search online for companies in market. 2 hours
Short list top 10 companies according to
preference.
1 hour
Finalize the best company and post to apply
for (Globus Travels).
1 hour
Read about the company profile and
employment policies.
30 minutes
Tailor cover letter. 30 minutes
Present review of cover letter in
both physical and electronic form
30 minutes
Look for resumes and cover letter
for response
4-5 days
Log information in job search log
and follow up as appropriate
30 minutes – 1 hour
Goal 3:
Build and maintain
network
Update LinkedIn Account 1-3 hours
Contact LinkedIn alumni groups 2 hours
List current useful connections 2 hours
Contact Career services and site
supervisors
30 minutes
E-mail important people to set up
meetings
1 hour
Reach out new contact in the
industry
1 hour
Conclusion
Thus, in the limelight of above mentioned events, it should be noted that tourism and hospitality
is the best industry to work in as there is a boom in the tourism sector of the country which
increases the opportunities for people to grow. Further, there are many recruitment agencies
present in the environment which helps a student to find the perfect which they want to do. The
above mentioned task also talks about the intercultural challenges faced by a native of China in
Australia. Lastly, the report adequately outlines the career growth and opportunities for an
international student studying International Business. It also provides a detailed view of the
prospective companies and industries in which an IB student can apply.

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References
Australian Government., 2018. Labour and Skills [online]. Available from <
https://www.austrade.gov.au/Australian/Tourism/Policy-and-Strategy/labour-and-skills
[Accessed 20 March, 2018]
Blackmore, J., Gribble, C. and Rahimi, M., 2017. International education, the formation of
capital and graduate employment: Chinese accounting graduates’ experiences of the Australian
labour market. Critical Studies in Education, 58(1), pp.69-88.
Bonoli, G., 2017. Labour market and social protection reforms in international perspective:
parallel or converging tracks?. Taylor & Francis.
Chandler Macleod., 2018. Client Services [online]. Available from <
https://www.chandlermacleod.com/clients/services [Accessed 20 March, 2018]
Cunningham, M., and Davis, K., 2011. Labour Market Outcomes in Regional Australia [online].
Available from < https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2011/sep/1.html>[Accessed 20
March, 2018]
Delaporte, I. and Piracha, M., 2018. Integration of humanitarian migrants into the host country
labour market: evidence from Australia. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, pp.1-26.
Deloitte., 2015. Australian Tourism Labour Force Report: 2015-2020 [online]. Available from <
https://www.tra.gov.au/ArticleDocuments/185/Australian_Tourism_Labour_Force_FINAL.PDF.
aspx?Embed=Y> [Accessed 20 March, 2018]
Dustmann, C. ed., 2015. Migration: Economic Change, Social Challenge. Oxford University
Press, USA.
Globus., 2018. About Us-Careers [online]. Available from <
https://blog.globusjourneys.com/about-us-careers/> [Accessed 20 March, 2018]

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Harrison, G., 2018. Transnational social workers and the Australian labour
market. Transnational Social Work: Opportunities and Challenges of a Global Profession,
p.139.
Hawthorne, L., 2016. Labour market outcomes for migrant professionals: Canada and Australia
compared.
Kalfa, S. and Taksa, L., 2015. Cultural capital in business higher education: reconsidering the
graduate attributes movement and the focus on employability. Studies in Higher
Education, 40(4), pp.580-595.
Li, I.W., Mahuteau, S., Dockery, A.M. and Junankar, P.N., 2017. Equity in higher education and
graduate labour market outcomes in Australia. Journal of Higher Education Policy and
Management, 39(6), pp.625-641.
McMurray, S., Dutton, M., McQuaid, R. and Richard, A., 2016. Employer demands from
business graduates. Education+ Training, 58(1), pp.112-132.
Michael Page., 2018. About Us [online]. Available from <
https://www.michaelpage.com.au/about-us> [Accessed 20 March, 2018]
Nachmias, S. and Walmsley, A., 2015. Making career decisions in a changing graduate labour
market: A Hospitality perspective. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Education, 17, pp.50-58.
Oakley, K. and O'Connor, J. eds., 2015. The Routledge companion to the cultural industries.
Routledge.
Superior People., 2018. About Us [online]. Available from <
http://www.superiorpeople.com.au/about-us/> [Accessed 20 March, 2018]
Sonnenschein, K., Barker, M., Hibbins, R. and Cain, M., 2017. “Practical Experience Is Really
Important”: Perceptions of Chinese International Students About the Benefits of Work Integrated
Learning in Their Australian Tourism and Hospitality Degrees. In Professional Learning in the
Work Place for International Students (pp. 259-275). Springer, Cham.

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Sturdy, A., Wright, C. and Wylie, N., 2016. Managers as consultants: The hybridity and tensions
of neo-bureaucratic management. Organization, 23(2), pp.184-205.