Constraints and regulations in Solar

Table of Contents
1 Solar Market Description: .......................................................................................................
4
2 Preferences and production: ....................................................................................................
5
2.1 Solar Elastic: ....................................................................................................................
5
2.2 Substitute of solar panels Green-Energy Alternatives to Solar Panels for Home Use .... 5
2.2.1 Hydroelectric Systems ..............................................................................................
5
2.2.2 Geothermal Systems .................................................................................................
5
2.2.3 Wind Power Systems ................................................................................................
6
2.2.4 Biomass Systems ......................................................................................................
6
2.2.5 Solar Alternatives...................................................................................................... 7
2.3 Production Process ...........................................................................................................
7
2.3.1 Purifying the silicon ..................................................................................................
7
2.3.2 Making single crystal silicon ....................................................................................
7
2.3.3 Making silicon wafers ...............................................................................................
8
2.3.4 Doping....................................................................................................................... 8
2.3.5 Placing electrical contacts .........................................................................................
8
2.3.6 The anti-reflective coating ........................................................................................
9

2.3.7 Encapsulating the cell ...............................................................................................
9
2.4 Quality Control .................................................................................................................
9
2.4.1 Fixed & Variable Costs ...........................................................................................
10
2.5 Solar panel inputs: ..........................................................................................................
10
2.5.1 The solar panel cost function ..................................................................................
10
2.6 The rule for solar panel ..................................................................................................
11
3 Market Analysis .....................................................................................................................
11
3.1 Consumer type................................................................................................................ 11
3.1.1 The Investment Consumer ......................................................................................
11
3.1.2 The Independent...................................................................................................... 11
3.1.3 The Environmentalist ..............................................................................................
12
3.1.4 The Technologist ....................................................................................................
12
3.1.5 The Solar Enthusiast ...............................................................................................
12
3.2 Constraints and regulations in Solar: .............................................................................
12
3.2.1 Environmental costs ................................................................................................
13
3.2.2 Raw material and waste products ...........................................................................
13

3.2.3 Aesthetics and design ..............................................................................................
13
3.3 Regulations: ....................................................................................................................
13
3.4 Payback period (equilibrium outcome) ..........................................................................
14
3.4.1 Solar Payback Formula ...........................................................................................
15
3.5 Interesting about the market: ..........................................................................................
15
3.5.1 Solar panel costs have fallen 99% since 1977 ........................................................
15
3.5.2 Solar Energy is cheaper than fossil fuels ................................................................
15
3.5.3 Solar power plants can last 40 years or more .........................................................
15
3.5.4 China is the world leader in solar energy ... by a lot............................................... 16
4 References .............................................................................................................................
17
1 Solar Market Description:
Solar energy has come a long way in the previous decade. Solar CSP and grid-connected PV are two
of today's solar technologies. It has gotten a lot cheaper in the last 30 years. The cost of a PV system

has similarly decreased, from $16,000 per kW in 1992 to roughly $6,000 in 2008. Solar buzz 2006;
2007). Solar energy's rapid growth has been spurred in recent years by regulators, shifting fossil fuel
prices, and environmental concerns.
In theory, solar energy can meet all the world's energy needs (Kurosawa et al. 2007; EPIA, 2007).
Despite recent industrial progress and technological potential, solar energy's worldwide contribution
remains minimal (IEA, 2009). This research investigates why solar energy is so underutilized around
the world. Is it difficult to integrate solar electricity into national power grids? What policies
encourage the use of solar energy? Are these policies effective? If this is the case, new policy tools
are required.
Arvizu et al. conducted a large-scale solar energy investigation (2011). Using available statistics and
economic analysis, this study compares solar energy to fossil fuels. Despite falling costs, we
discovered that solar electricity is still not cost-competitive. Fracking has serious environmental
consequences, but it hasn't helped the economy. Several technological, economic, and institutional
impediments to extensive solar energy deployment exist. These barriers have been overcome through
financial incentives such as tax credits and capital subsidies, as well as RPS. The fit was crucial in
three of the four circumstances.
Several federal policies have assisted the expansion of the solar energy business in the United States
(REC). The Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) promotes solar energy, but its
impact is limited by cost. According to our study, solar energy might account for about 10% of global
energy generation by 2050. Even if the carbon intensity of the global energy system were reduced by
around 75%, this would still be a minor component of the overall energy supply and renewable
energy output.
2 Preferences and production:
Environmental knowledge affects green purchasing decisions. The use of energy-saving and
renewable energy technology in the home can have a significant impact on reducing electricity
related emissions in the United States. Because of low-cost solar energy generation and the
potential for the future price decrease, demand for photovoltaic panels will grow. Solar