Construction Waste Management Review

This assignment delves into the critical topic of construction waste management. It examines various methodologies for assessing and minimizing construction waste, exploring their effectiveness and impact on sustainability. The assignment analyzes case studies and research findings to provide a comprehensive understanding of current practices and future directions in this field.

CONSTRUCTION
METHOD

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
1.1 Current construction issue and modern method of construction...........................................1
1.2 Implication of current construction issue of redevelopment of hotel project (70)...............2
1.3 Comparison between Green field development and brown field development of hotel......3
1.4 Benefits of development and redevelopment and their advantages and disadvantages........4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Methods of construction to be adopted by hotel...................................................................5
2.2 Effect of modern methods on traditional design process......................................................6
3.2 Analytical techniques to review the design process of the project........................................7
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Design solution to tackle the problem s during redevelopment of hotel...............................8
4.2 Adoption of proposed methods and design solution...........................................................10
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................11
References......................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Construction is an activity in which new or existing building is created for commercial
use. New hotel to be redeveloped is in Mong Kok which is situated in western area of Hong
Kong. The venture is planning to reconstruct its existing building. Present report discusses about
proposal for enterprise and various construction method suitable for the redevelopment of hotel.
Current issues in construction and modem methods of construction have been explained.
Moreover, impact of these issue on redevelopment of the building are discussed. Comparison of
Greenfield and brownfield development has been done. Impact of modern construction method
on traditional approaches are also evaluated. Analysis of current issues and modern techniques
on the redevelopment project is also illustrated. Furthermore, analytical technique have been
applied to review construction practices and condition of site. Design proposal for the
redevelopment of new hotel is also discussed.
1.1 Current construction issue and modern method of construction
There are various issue that are faced by new hotel in Mong Kok which is popular hotel
of Hong Kong. The hotel director is planning to re develop the hotel by removing the issues
which are faced. Some of the issue are as follows: Labour & workforce shortage: One of the major issue which arrives while construction
hotel is the shortage of labour and skilled workforce. Lack in availability of manpower
impacts the construction of hotel (Zhang, Shen and Zhang, 2013). Qualified and skilled
labour are required who know how to use tools and machines use in construction. This is
the big issue faced by hotel. Construction cost: Renovating and redeveloping a new hotel in Mong Kok cost very
high and it require large amount of capital. Construction of hotel requires funding and
capital which is the major issue faced by hotel (Mok, Shen and Yang, 201). Timely
renovation is require which costs high to the organisation. Redesigning and restructuring
needs capital and architectural funding.
 Technology: Technology is rapidly changing and the organisation need to cope up with
this emerging technology (Ma and et.al, 2013). Hotel need to build its premises which
consist technical equipments and tools. Hotel in Mong Kok is currently lacking in
technology due to which it need development and redesigning.
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For example In case of redevelopment of hotel in Mog kok the developer of the hotel has
to consider these issues of labour availability, cost of construction and technology issue. Hotel in
Mong Kok is currently lacking in technology due to which it need development and redesigning.
So these issues must be given preference while making of new hotel.
The current issues that are faced by the new hotel in Mong Kok are as follows-:
Health & Safety Risks – The awareness of health risks and the controls that is needed for safety
is low at this new hotel. This may lead to injuries caused by accidents. The construction of
building mainly needs the workers to work at heights. As the safety controls have not been
properly implemented by the hotel it may lead to various accidents (Candlin and Hyland, 2014).
Requirements of Environmental Protection Ordinance – During the construction of this new
hotel, the soil that is lost from the building is in large quantity and it enters inside the storm water
system. This storm water system drains instantly into waterways. So the sediments in the
waterways have a huge impact on the lakes, rivers, aquatic plants etc. Also the construction of
building is generating a huge noise pollution from machine or other equipment. This noise is
having an influence on psychological health of people living near by. As it is producing
disturbance of sleep and aggressive behaviour in them.
Energy,pollution and climate change –The construction of this hotel is responsible for the
extensive use of energy both directly, in the creation of the building and indirectly in the
operational phase. And also the carbon dioxide is produced which is polluting the environment.
Three construction methods are there which can be used after demolition of existing
building:
Sustainable construction : To reduce the impact on environment , the new hotel should use the
concept of sustainable construction .It will build the designs by focusing on being green and
sustainable. The developers and designers will make use of best practices for environmental
design and adopt green building technologies. The long term benefit will be achieved by the
hotel owners as it will reduce energy and utility bills and reduce the impact on environment. It
will also optimize energy efficiency and make maximum use of recycled materials. And during
the construction process it will generate little waste (Li and et.al , 2013).
Energy saving building construction methods: The construction of building need to be made
energy efficient by making use of energy efficient building materials. The recycled steel can be
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used as it will use less energy and will emit less amount of CO2. It is also prone to high wind
conditions or earthquake. A thermostat shearing radiant barrier can be used for both roofs and
walls during construction as this will reduce the usage of energy.
Volumetric construction
3D volumetric construction is most popular construction method which can be used by
director of hotel in Mong Kok in redevelopment of existing building hotel. It includes 3
dimensional units according to the condition of site(Fellows and Liu, 2015) .Module are used in
3 dimensional construction method in which modules use condition of building site and make
units which are service intensive.
Panellised Construction
In panellised construction method is very helpful in rebuilding ion les amount of time
(Khachatryan, 2015). In this method flat panel is made primarily on the off site and then it is
assembled on the place where construction is to be done. On assembling at site 3 dimensional
structure is made to create windows, doors and many internal services.
Hybrid concrete construction
This construction method uses all the feature of both volumetric and panellised
construction method. It provides speed in construction and quality of work. It also requires low
cost and provides high quality construction. It costs low and satisfies demand and expectation of
clients. These structures build by hybrid approach hep are consistent and gives quality in
building. Cos of construction using hybrid method is also moderate.
1.2 Implication of current construction issue of redevelopment of hotel project
Hotel in Mong Kok is facing various issues in construction which may impact the
redesigning and redevelopment of hotel. Some of the impacts are as follows:
 Low skilled labour and unqualified labour may influence the reconstruction process of
the hotel. Organisation requires high skilled labour in reconstruction process to make
hotel according to the expectation (Ann and et.al, 201). Qualified labour and workforce is
required for redevelopment project.
 Construction cost is the most important issue which can affect the reconstruction process
of the organisation. Hight cost is required for redevelopment project. Higher cost of
modification of existing building can impact the predevelopment project (Hong and
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Wang, 2013). Hotel needed proper amount of capital to make the changes according to
need.
 Technology issue can also influence the reconstructing project of hotel. Hotel requires
proper technical expertise to suggest best suitable method in redevelopment of building.
Proper technological tools are required to make building. Technical experts are required
as they can suggest best design and methods for reconstruction process.
 Lack of finance can affect the reconstruction process as it requires large amount of capital
in rebuilding process. High amount of capital is required in reconstruction of the hotel.
 Appropriate time is also needed and lack of time can impact the redevelopment of
building. Time is also a constraint which can impact the reconstruction process of the
hotel (Tsang and et.al , 2014).
 Taxation system imposed by government is also a major issue which can impact the
redevelopment of the new hotel. Local authority imposes various tax on the construction
process of any organization.
 Various rules and regulations made by government in regard of construction also affects
the redevelopment project of the hotel. Hotel authority need to follow the policies before
starting its remodelling project.
 The safety of workers during the construction is still a concern as the degree of hazard
and risk is high. It may leads to time lost from work by the injured workers.
 The environmental factors such erosion,hazardous waste,noise, contaminated water can
have huge impact on the redevelopment of new hotel. The information regarding climatic
conditions such as rainfall records,weather forecasting,climate change have not been
searched and collected properly by the designer. This results in the selection of wrong
building materials by the designer (Construction methods, 2017)..
 The requirement of the client's is not properly understood by the project development
consultants.
For example hotel redevelopment in Mog kok will have to consider these issues while
conducting this work in the area. Government of the region imposes various taxes on
renovation process. So the constructor have to keep these issues in mind. Labour workforce issue
needs to be considered by the constructor.
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1.3 Comparison between Green field development and brown field development of hotel
There are two type of development of building of new hotel which are Greenfield
development and brownfield development. Both the type of development are different from each
other. Comparison of them is as follows:
Greenfield development
Greenfield development is defined as creating a building on field which are undeveloped
and unused. This field has no development previously and unused from a long time. These field
are generally found at outskirts of the city like rural areas. Green field development focuses on
providing living places to people at affordable prices. This development plan faces less issue of
infrastructure unlike in urban areas. Greenfield development is more suitable rather than
modifying the whole building. Green field development are cheaper than any development and
requires low cost of construction. Greenfield included forest, open land are and wet fields
(Jaillon and Poon, 2014). These field do not have any amount of hazardous materials. On the
other hand developing a new field in outskirts can lead to deforestation and degradation of lands.
For example if the hotel constructor use green field development methods in renovation
of hotel then it will be very beneficial for the firm. It will be beneficial because the unused field
will support in generating revenue from it.
Brownfield development:
Brownfield development is defined as redeveloping the building which is used previously
has some issue related to environment or politics. A brown field is a field which is developed
previously but has no use currently. This field usually contains some problems like
contaminations and pollutants (Li and et.al , 2013). It is the process of restructuring the existing
buildings and old building which are no longer in use. This process is very expensive and
require large amount of time and money. Predevelopment of existing one may not get
appropriate amount of capital due to which sometime it leads to many political issues.
Redevelopment of brownfield is sometimes necessary because of environmental concern.
Contaminated fields sometimes release toxics which are harmful and causes health problem ion
surroundings. In Addition to that brownfield reconstruction help in utilizing the existing building
and can generate profits.
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Brown field development is an area which has been used previously but it gets vacant
suddenly due to contamination of the field. This field is reused to generate revenue by doing
reconstruction of it. For example various operation in hotel generates gases and chemicals which
can contaminate the field of reconstruction. This issue neds to be consider by the hotel
renovation constructor.
New hotel in Mong Kok can use brownfield development approach because
reconstruction can help hotel to generate more revenue and would give popularity in the market.
Redevelopment of the hotel is necessary because it would help hotel to gain profits and revenue.
Developing brownfield practice may help the organisation sustainability.
A brownfield is a field that was developed formely but is not longer used. Different levels
of contamination can be there in the brownfield. On the other hand, greenfield is defined as plot
of field that has not been developed previously. There is no significant toxic material is there in
greenfield. The greenfield that are developed for this hotels are much cheaper in comparison
with the brownfield as the greenfield are pure and clean in nature. The removal of hazardous
structure or cleaning is not needed for greenfield (Ding and Xiao, 2014). However on the other
side development of brownfield can also be beneficial and more sustainable practice can be
used for the construction of new hotel. In comparison with greenfield development brownfield
can be more costly as it has been previously build so it can be more costly to clean site then to
actually build upon it. The construction done with greenfield will give maximum flexibility for
the design while on other side some compromises need to be made in the brownfield
construction.
In the context of client the construction of greenfield at hotel will give more cleaner and
flexible atmosphere to them .However on the other hand,the construction of brownfield can be
costly for them.
In an undeveloped land such as rural areas,territory areas,reclamation areas the greenfield project
can be developed. But the brownfield development is just opposite to it as the land had already
made previously stood but had been demolished.
1.4 Benefits of development and redevelopment and their advantages and disadvantages
Development
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Benefits
There various benefits of developing a hotel in Mong Kok have many benefits by
developing new hotel (Hong and et.al, 2015). Development of unused land and by constructing a
new building can help hotel in resolving issues which it was facing previously. Development can
support hotel to spark the economy of the place. During the development of new hotel, one get
more familiar about the laws that are imposed by the government related to construction of
hotels and the rights for workers working on the construction . New technology use would help
hotel to provide service to customers according to their needs. New development would cost less
than redeveloping the existing one (Lu and et.al, 2015). Hotel can incorporate the facilities which
were lacking in the previous building. Development of hotel can increase in development of
economy. It will try to overcome all the issues that are faced during the development of hotel
such as safety and health risk, environmental issues etc.
Advantages
Development help in making use of unused land which can help someone to generate
revenue from it. It can attract the people to the area which is remain neglected for long times.
Development also helps in making use of area which is unused and not generating any profit to
the local community. Development of this new hotel will give safe and flexible environment to
its customers .Skilled workforce will be used for the construction of this hotel. All the rules and
regulation imposed by the government of Hong Kong for rights of these workers will be
followed .It will give details about various current building types on site and adjusting building
structures. The various knowledge about the undeveloped land can be gained during the
development of building. With this designers can learn constructive techniques (Chiang and
et.al, 2014.).
Disadvantages
Developing new hotel sometime cause problem to the people, who are living in that area.
It also lead to degradation and deforestation problem. Development can affect environment
adversely. Development of nay new building in are causes problem to the local area people
because it cause environmental pollution. As a lot of machineries have been used in the
construction it can lead to noise pollution. Also the materials that are used in the construction can
pollute the environment.
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Development of land supports in bringing people into region. It also help in increasing
economy of the area. For example in the Mog Kok new hotel development will bring
opportunities of jobs and employment in that locality. It will also bring economy of the region t o
upper level.
Land development also have some adverse effect as it can lower down the quality of
environment of that locality. Soil erosion and environmental degradation are the major problems.
Redevelopment
Benefits
The major benefit of redevelopment is that it give new life to the old building or hotel
which are obsolete from years (Chan and et.al 2014). Redevelopment provides job opportunities
and creates job for people through reconstruction process. Remodelling of hotel in Mong Kok
will create employment opportunities. Redevelopment creates selling and buying of land easily
and buyers easily get attracted to older reconstructed buildings. It helps in protecting
environment because old buildings cause harms to environment by generating contamination.
Existing building gets improve through remodelling and helps in economy developments. It will
also reduce the impact of noise pollution, air pollution etc. The amount of waste that is disposed
in the environment will be reduced .
Advantages
Redevelopment improves area without charging taxes on property. It improvise the
safety of environment and local surroundings. Remodelling of old building costs lower than
modelling of new one. It increases the life and value of the existing hotel or building. Hi-tech
technology will be used and use of sustainable construction technique in re-development will
reduce the emission of harmful gases. The use of electricity will also be reduced by making use
of solar energy system (Ding and Xiao, 2014). .
Disadvantage
One of the major disadvantage of remodelling is that it move out the people who are
already living in the building to be reconstructed. In case of new hotel in Mong Kok it may
possible that owner of hotel may remove employee who are working fir organization. Another
drawback is that local area business may not get even after the redevelopment. During the
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construction of hotel,the designer is not able to understand the traits of every new technology
that is used in the re-development.
TASK 2
2.1 Methods of construction to be adopted by hotel
There are many methods available that can be adopted by hotel in Mong Kok area for
reconstruction and redevelopment. Four type of modern approaches that can be used are as
follows:
 Flat slab method: In this method flat slabs are used which are easily built because it uses
modern from works. Its making is simple and turnaround of slabs achieved by using
striking from works and panellised construction (Khachatryan and et.al, 2015).
Prefabricated service is used in this method which simplifies the positioning of slab. It
save time of construction and overall cost. Flat slab manufacturing do not restricts the
partitions. This approach provides flexibility by implementing changes in the internal
structure. It requires less reinforcement and gives advantage to workforce.
For example hotel in Mog Kok can make use of flat slab method for carrying out the
reconstruction process. This method do not requires partitions which will be helpful for the hotel
constructor.
 Hybrid concrete construction: This method of construction use attribute of both
panellised and 3D volumetric construction method. Combination of these two provides
strongest construction building (Ding and Xiao, 2014). It provide high speed in
construction and results in good quality of work. It costs low and satisfies demand and
expectation of clients. These structures build by hybrid approach hep are consistent and
gives quality in building. For example hotel in Mog Kok can make use of hybrid
construction method for carrying out the reconstruction process. This method costs low
and satisfies demand and expectation of clients. Insulating Concrete form work method: In this method of construction stretched
polystyrene boards and twin walled block are used to build a formwork. This mixture is
then use to create walls of building. This formwork is filled with ready to use mixture and
concrete to make a robust construction. Walls made using this method are strongest and
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there is no risk of damage in this approach. Stretched blocks of polystyrene gives high
quality of thermal insulation. Concrete core gives strong and high level of insulation in
sound. This method can be used by hotel for their reconstruction. For example hotel in
Mog Kok can make use of this con concrete method for carrying out the reconstruction
process. This method gives strong level of construction which will help hotel renovation
successful,.
 Tunnel form: It is a method of construction in which a contractor is allowed to make
walls and blocks in one operation on each day of construction cycle (Rashid and Yusoff ,
2015). This method constitutes speed and quality of concrete mixture provided by
factory. Ready to use mixture of concrete and formwork is flexibility in construction of
building. This approach is useful in the projects which are repetitive. For example hotels,
hostels and apartments for public. It also uses inherent advantage of concrete like fire and
sound withstand. Formwork process in this method are very complex and they need crane
carries the concrete during construction (Construction methods, 2017). It is not
appropriate for the sight which are congested and have no space outside. This technique
can be sued by hotel in their redevelopment of the building.
 In the current development of building,current wall is used and it is one of the Hi-
technological and modern construction method.
Current wall – A current wall specialist is provided by the architect and various requirement for
current wall system is planed such as layout floor plan,fire resistant requirement etc. The
information given by the architect is analysed by curtain wall specialist. A comprehensive
curtain design and structural analysis is prepared by the curtain wall specialist (Hong and et.al,
2015).. The curtain wall design is submitted by the curtain wall specialist to the architect for their
feedback and approval. Once the approval is obtained from architect, the submission of
wall design drawing and structure is sent to the authority of government for approval. Once the
approval is received from the approving authority the curtain wall specialist will start gathering
the fabric component in factors and will order the required glasses for curation wall.
 The current development also include rock-socketed steel H-pile design and piling design
that is deigned by the piling specialist contractor.
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2.2 Effect of modern methods on traditional design process
Modern methods of constructions are impacting tradition design process in many ways.
Tradition methods of constructions are methods were very costly and causing harms to
environment. There are various impact of modern methods of construction on traditional
construction methods. Some of which are as follows:
Less time requirement
Modern approaches in constructing a building require a less amount of time as compare
to traditional ones. These methods use elements which are off site where as traditional
construction uses on site elements (Yuan. and Hao , 2013). Material used in conventional
methods cause erosion problem. Due to this reason contractors now a days are using modern
methods in building construction. Modern techniques are 60 percent faster than the traditional
methods. Modern methods are integrated and precise due to which traditional ones are losing
their existence rapidly.
Cost effective
Modern approaches are cost effective and cost predictability is easier in these methods. In
traditional techniques of construction it was not possible to determine the cost earlier.80 percent
of the cost of construction gets fixed in the modern approach. In on-site construction contractors
are unable to find out overall cost of the development. This is the reason conventional methods
are less used now a days. Non- conventional method saves money at each process of
constructions (Chiang and et.al, 2014.). It also eliminate the cost of sub-contractors which get
increase during life cycle of the project. Traditional ones are very expensive and now use of
these methods in construction s becoming less.
Superior Quality
Modern techniques to manufacture buildings provides high quality of construction.
Conventional methods are not efficient and do not produce standard quality of construction. Due
to these drawbacks modern approaches of construction are replacing traditional techniques.
Suitable for society and environment
New methods of manufacturing are environment friendly as they do not causes harms to
surroundings. Off site construction is planned and do not requires and designed in early stages.
Energy requirements in performing off site manufacturing helps in improving process.
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Traditional methods requires lot of energy because of manual handing of every process. Material
in offsite methods wastes less so contactor are using new approaches more than the conventional.
Off-site techniques also provide sustainability in the field of construction. Traditional methods
also increase global warming and because of this reason new methods of construction are
becoming popular (Candlin and Hyland, 2014).
For example in construction of new hotel in Mog kok hotel developer has to take these effects of
modern methods of construction. For instance methods should be chosen which requires less
time, cost effective, superior quality and are suitable for environment and society. This method
of construction use attribute of both panellised and 3D volumetric construction method.
The impact on traditional design process due to use of modern constriction methods can
be as follows-:
 The traditional design process need specialist designer that is for making design for
curtain wall it will require an specialist designer.
 It is a time-consuming process in comparison with modern methods as it takes a lot of
time in searching and finding design information.
 The cost of design process for traditional method is more than the modern design
methods (Tsang and et.al , 2014). .
3.1 Analysis of current issues and practice of modern methods of construction
There are various issue that are faced by new hotel in Mong Kok. Lack of manpower an
workers impacts the construction of hotel. These issues need to be resolve by using new
approaches used in construction . In availability of finance is also affecting redevelopment of
hotel. Hotel can use methods which requires less cost and provides best quality of construction./
Renovating and redeveloping a new hotel in Mong Kok cost very high and it require large
amount of capital. Hotel in Mong Kok is currently lacking in technology due to which it need
development and redesigning . To solve these construction methods that can be adopted by
hotel's contarctor in predevelopment is as follows:
Volumetric construction
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It includes 3 dimensional units according to the infatuation of site area.. Different
modules are used in 3 dimensional construction method in which modules use condition of
building site and make blocks which are intensive to service.
Flat slab method
It is a cost effective method which can help hotel to construct building in less amount of
money. It is a method which can be used in construction of new hotel. It is cost effective method
an can be used by contractor of organisation.
Hybrid concrete construction
This method of construction is combination of both volumetric and panellised
construction method. This method produces high quality of work. Hotel can make use of this
method because cost of construction using this technique is moderate.
For example hotel redevelopment case in Mog kok can use hybrid construction method. It
would be beneficial for the hotel reconstruction method for carrying out the reconstruction
process. This method costs low and satisfies demand and expectation of clients.
The techniques that were used in the past were not so complex and also in traditional
design process the technology that were used in construction were not so advanced.
The characteristics and the traits of the new technology may not be properly understood
by the architect or the designers. Some other applicable designers who have experience and
knowledge in specific advance technology may be hired to explain clearly the methods of
constructions and details to the contractor in case of issues faced in the development of any part
of design (Zhang, Shen and Zhang, 2013). This method may cause more organizational and
design conflicts.
The current issues that is faced by the modern construction can be as follows-:
 A large factory space is needed for construction
 The number of competent plant operators need to be increased for the modern
construction and it will require high plant cost.
 It will also increase the insurance premium
3.2 Analytical techniques to review the design process of the project
Review of design process for the design process of the project of hotel in Mong Kok
is as follows:
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 Technical information: Technical knowledge is must for redeveloping the hotel
building. Design process gets huge support if the contractor has good technical
knowledge. Technical information is required to know identify the best construction
methods for building procedure. Technology in construction process is used widely now
a days. In the design process of project analysis of technology is done which is used to
find out the suitable methods. For example hotel reconstruction would require proper
technical expertise who can guide constructor of the hotel I n making renovation
according to the requirement of technology. Construction practices: Construction practices for developing new hotel in Mong Kok
hotel will support a lot in manufacturing process. Appropriate construction methods
should be identified before designing of the whole project (Fellows and Liu, 2015). Break
even technique can be used to find out the cost of each method. It is useful tool to predict
cost of construction. Proper construction practices should be done earlier to eliminate the
risk in the mid of manufacturing process. Methods of working: Methods of working should be reviewed before starting
construction project. It helps in identifying the safety and security of workers during the
life cycle of project. Methods of working should be safe for worker and do not cause any
harms to their health. Constructor hired by the hotel for redevelopment should use best
methods of working to ensure that this process is safe and secure. Ground conditions: Condition of the place should be reviewed before starting the
redevelopment of the new hotel Condition of ground is determined by analyzing the
surface stability. In this analysis robustness of the location is determined. Intensity of the
possible future events and their impact on the building is analyzed. Surrounding of the
area should be reviewed before starting of construction .To produce the foundation
design and construction method,only the loading are not sufficient. By specialist
contractor site investigation need to be carried out. There is a need to know more about
ground conditions. Site restrictions: The location where the construction is to done should be analyzed by
reviewing the restriction in the particular area (Zhang, Shen and Zhang, 2013). Owner of
hotel in Mong Kok should analyze that if there are any restrictions in redeveloping the
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building . It is required to review the rules and restriction regarding construction in
particular location. The building design and methods of construction used in the hotel
need to be considered. The research need to be done on the information of site
surrounding.
 Government policies: There are various policies made by government for the
construction industry of Hong Kong. If the policies are beneficial for the hotel
redevelopment project will get support from government. Rules and regulation should be
followed by hotel in re-developing project. There can be the sue of car policy ,car parking
prohibition policy in the hotel.
The enormous amount of information is needed for the process of building design.
 Land use – The usage of the land to be monitored during the constriction of the project.
Various details need to be addresses about the land such as undeveloped land,current
building types on the site etc.
 Topography – A detailed survey need to be conducted on the site in order to find out the
information regarding the latest topography of a particular site and adjacent land for
design purpose (Tsang and et.al , 2014). .
 Understanding the needs of clients- A clear understanding regarding the needs of
customers need to be made by the project development consultant or designers.
 Underground utilities- The survey need to be conducted by the hotel in order to locate
the truth layout of any existing underground utilities as these will hinder the building
development. The designer and engineers must consider all ways in overcoming such
blockage.
4.1 Design solution to tackle the problem s during redevelopment of hotel
Redevelopment of the new hotel in Mong Kok can cause problem to neighbourhood,
environment and traffic management . To reduce the impact of construction around project site a
design solution is required. Design solution for the hotel project is as follows:
Solution for the impact on neighbourhood
Construction of hotel can cause serious problem to neighbourhood of locality. Activities
in construction causes lot of sound and noise. This noise cause problem to people, who lives
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beside the project site. Hotel authority should take concern about the neighbour people. Public
concern sometimes result in alternation of the plans made for development of building (Ann and
et.al, 2013). Hotel authority should make balance between public issues and its construction
activities. Machines used in construction process should generate low sound . Concrete and raw
material which is required in building should not cause any harms to the local area people.
Pollution due to building process also causes problem to people who live around the project
site. Material used in construction of the hotel can cause air pollution (Jaillon and Poon, 2014).
This pollution can affect the health of the people. Hotel authorities should make proper
arrangement to store the material in covered place. It will help in controlling air pollution due to
construction activities. Modern methods should be used by hotel contractor so that building
process get faster. Modern equipment and machinery which produce less sound should be used
in construction process.
Solution for environment
Construction process of hotel can impact environment to great extent. Environmental
factors include air pollution, water pollution, land degradation and many other problem.
Material used in building remain scattered outside due to which it cause harms to land. Pollution
is also cause by the material. Machinery used in construction process releases smoke in the
environment which results in air pollution (Jaillon, and Poon , 2014). Noise pollution also cause
by construction activities which create problem to the local area community. Hotel authority
should use machine in construction process which do not produce noise. It is required that land
used during construction phase should be repaired after manufacturing gets completed. Natural
resources should be used in limit for constructing building. Hotel authority should follow the
guidelines given for environment safety. Rule and regulation made for safety of environment
should be acknowledged by authority before starting of project. Recycled building can be used
for construction of hotels as it will protect the building (Candlin and Hyland, 2014).. The number
of labour and lifting equipment for the transportation can be reduced with the light weight
materials. Due to production under high quality control,high quality and best appearance
materials will used for construction. In order to reduce the consumption of electricity at
hotel,LED light system and solar panel system can be used.
Solution for traffic management
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Project site gets congested during construction process. Due to this traffic gets
unmanageable and affects daily acclivities of people. Hotel authority should make proper
arrangement so that traffic do not get affected. Prior information about the construction should
be given to local area people. Hotel authority should not cover the roads by raw material which is
to be sued in manufacturing (Hong and et.al, 20150. Roads should be clear in order to reduce
traffic problems. Hotel authority should not block the way for it personal use as this can cause
problems to the local area people.
These issues of reconstruction must be considered while conducting redevelopment of the hotel
in Mog Kok. Hotel authority should make proper arrangements for traffic, for environment and
for locality. Contemporary equipment and machinery which makes less sound should be used in
construction process. Hi-tech construction can be used as these building are flexible in use.
These construction will help in development of green buildings,modern building spaces, energy
sufficient building at the hotel.
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Illustration 1: Energy efficient system for hotel
(Source:Energy Efficient System, 2017)

4.2 Adoption of proposed methods and design solution
In the redevelopment of new hotel contractor can use different methods of construction.
Benefits of using various methods for client is as follows: Benefits of flat slab methods: This method can be useful for hotel as in this technique
easily built slabs are used. This method uses prefabricated service which make the
making of slab easier (Candlin and Hyland, 2014). It is a cost effective method which can
help hotel to construct building in less amount of money. It is a flexible method which
facilitates instillation of frame work easily. It requires less amount of time in
construction which is the major benefit of this technique. However this method is not
suitable for the brittle partitions. Hybrid concrete construction: New hotel for its redevelopment can use this method
because it provides high speed in construction. It use attributes of both panellised and 3D
volumetric which provides the strongest construction (Khachatryan, 2015). This method
produces high quality of work. Hotel can make use of this method because cost of
construction using this technique is moderate. Risk of damage of building also reduces by
using this methods in construction. Benefits of insulating concrete formwork method: This method can be used by hotel in
redevelopment as it gives high level of thermal insulation. It produces high level of
insulation for sound and noise. Walls made using this method are strongest and there is
no risk of damage in this approach. However this approach requires large amount of time.
Cost of construction is also high in this method.
 Tunnel form construction method: Tunnel form is very effective method that can be
used by the hotel in redevelopment process. This method produces high quality of work
and provides speed in construction process (Ma and et.al 2013). It is the best suitable
method for the hotel redevelopment as it is generally use ion making of hotels, hostels
and big apartments. It is very efficient method and provides high quality of work. Capital
requirement in this method is high as compared to the previous methods. However this
method is complex because of formwork process used in this technique. It is not suitable
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for the site which is congested and complex. This approach can be used by hotel to
develop its building.
 Column slab frame – This will be suitable or constructing a light load structures. The
design building structure and the construction is easy.
 Box frame- It will make use of walls and slab to form many boxes structures at the store
of every building. This building load can support two or more walls. It is preferable
choice for the construction of hotel.
 Core wall frame- It is suitable for construction of hotels. It provides flexible partitioning
every storey of building.
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Illustration 2: Column Frame
(Source:Column Frame for hotel, 2017)

For instance all discussed benefits must be taken into account while conducting reconstruction of
hotel in Mog Kok. Benefits of all the construction methods should be considered by hotel
developer
.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that any new development requires a
construction method which is best suitable for it. There are various issues in current construction
methods which can impact the redevelopment process of the organisation. Modern methods of
construction like hybrid, tunnel, insulation framework and 3 dimensional volumetric techniques
are very efficient. These approaches produces high quality of work. There are various methods of
development and redevelopment which can help in growth of hotel. Brownfield and green field
development are two most use development methods .New hotel in Mong Kok can use
brownfield development approach because reconstruction can help hotel to generate more
revenue and would give profitability in the market. Brown field development is most suitable
development method that can be used by hotel. Tunnel form method of construction can be used
by the organisation in remodelling of building. It is required that hotel authority should review its
construction practices, condition of ground, technology, restriction at site and government
policies. Reviewing these factors will help hotel to redevelop its building in better way.
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