Contemporary Crime and General Trend Assignment 2022

Running Head: CONTEMPORARY CRIME AND GENERAL TREND
CONTEMPORARY CRIME AND GENERAL TREND
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note:

CONTEMPORARY CRIME AND GENERAL TREND1
INTRODUCTION:
Criminology is the study of crime and its related factors in relation with the prevention of
such behavior. It draws the research of various sociologists, psychologists, psychiatrists,
biologists, anthropologists and other philosophers along with the various studies conducted by
the scholars of law so that the factor of mens rea (mental intention to commit the crime) can be
assessed in accordance with the danger to the society from such man. Many criminal incidents
happen due to provocation, or mental illness and other distressed situations and to assess these
situations and human behavior, the study of criminology is required. According to Cohen 2017,
it can be said that crime is an act of physically or mentally or financially depriving someone of
their rights and committing wrong against the state.
THEORIES AND CAUSES OF CRIME:
The theories of crime can be broadly discussed under two major heads:
 Biological theories: this theory assumes that criminals are born by such nature where the
person is provoked to commit such crime (Akers 2013). The eminent scholar in this
theory is Cesare Lambroso. He suggested that the criminals are evolutionary throwbacks
meaning that their brains are not fully developed. He focuses his study on the
biochemical imbalances, Neurological scientific conditions, Genes, and Intelligence.
 Sociological theories: it is also called social disorganization theory where the approach is
against the external factors which contribute to the commitment of the crime like
illiteracy, poverty, discrimination and so on (Thornberry 2018). The theory focuses
mostly on the Defensible space theory, Broken windows theory, and routine activities

CONTEMPORARY CRIME AND GENERAL TREND2
theory. All the three focused theories deal with the inter-personal relationships od the
convict and their effect on the person’s mind and behavior.
CONTEMPORARY EXPLANATIONS OF CRIME:
The explanations of crime does not permit anyone to draw definite conclusions upon the
same but every crime should be analyzed differently depending upon various other factors
relating to the crime trends. Contemporary societies have developed and evolved in a way which
attracts political media and attention, and hence the crime, security and criminal justice are
highly argued in the social framework (White, Haines and Asquith 2017). Therefore, the
contemporary study of criminology means that the criminal behavior is analyzed along with the
contributing factors which lead to such crimes and the factors that lead to the increase in crimes.
The process of criminalization starts from the point when the victim understands the
concept of victimization and recognizes his role as a victim. He or she may plead for punishment
or compensation or injunction, by reporting the incidents to the respective authorities. But the
competency of a victim fails where he has to administer a legal system and the government acts
more aggressively that an organization working for social welfare enforcing laws against the
crimes committed against the victim.
GENERAL TRENDS:
There are several methods to measure crime. It starts from the point when the crime data
is reported and the same has been recorded by the officer in charge in the concerned Police
Station. Depending upon the recording of the crime data, the trend of crimes is accorded.
However, the statistics may fail due to lack of reporting by the people due to various other