Contemporary Debates in Criminology: Globalization and Drug Trafficking

Contemporary Debates
in Criminology

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Question 2 ...................................................................................................................................3
Question 3 ...................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
The study of wrongdoing or aberrant behaviour is known as criminology. It is a behavioural
and social science multidisciplinary discipline that is mainly dependent on the works of law
academics, sociologist, psychiatrist, psychologist, philosophers, biologist and many others.
Criminologists are those who study and investigate the many aspects of criminology. For the
purpose of identification of particular offender, the one who are criminologists mostly pays
attention to the behaviour of the criminal. They are entrusted with the task of investigations and
research, create hypotheses, writing reports, and, in many instances, solve the crimes. The
investigation of the nature of crime and offenders, the roots of criminal law, the genesis of
wrongdoing, the societal response to crime, and the operation of law enforcement organizations
and correctional facilities are all topics that criminologists are interested in (Staring and van
Swaaningen, 2021). The goal of this report is to create a newspaper article about two of
criminology's most pressing topics. The first article discusses globalization and its influence on
drug trafficking, while the second article discusses Scotland's new criminal responsibility age of
12 years.
MAIN BODY
Question 2
In the last 20 years, criminal activity has gone worldwide in a variety of ways
and for a variety of causes.
The impact of globalization affecting
social phenomena has resulted in significant
societal shifts in societies. Several socio-
economic concerns, like as harmony,
criminality, immigrants, manufacturing,
labour, technological advancements,
environmental risks, etc., are now regarded
as globalization-related phenomena.
Globalization has an impact on international
law, trade law, international commerce law,
criminal law, and other disciplines of law.
The law has become a worldwide
phenomenon as people move away from
their immediate surroundings and toward the
distant. It is a reality that the law is
becoming more global, while emergencies
are frequently the commencement of this
transition. Everything has been affected by
globalization, including crime, criminals,
and victims, the mechanism of reporting a
felony, the prosecution procedure, the
reasons for proving a claim, criminality and

decriminalization, and crime policy (Orsini,
2017). Internationalization has posed new
difficulties and, on occasion, has aided in
the resolution of those challenges.
Drug trafficking refers to the
international smuggling or trafficking of
drugs, consisting drug planting,
manufacture, transportation, consumption,
and selling. All of it is prohibited under
federal and state regulations that prohibit the
sale of medicines unless they are used for
medicinal purposes. Such medications are
often addicting, and long-term use might
significantly damage physical and mental
capabilities. Memory problems,
cardiovascular diseases, tumours, and body's
immune weaknesses might all result from
drug usage. It might potentially cause birth
abnormalities in drug users' offspring. This
is also mentioned as among the factors that
contribute to criminality, bloodshed, and
social disruption in community. Drug
dealing has a societal, economical, and
governmental impact on a country (Morselli,
Paquet-Clouston and Provost, 2017).
Drug trafficking has a particularly
negative impact on countries producing as
well as distributing narcotics. The United
Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
(UNODC) researches and monitors globally
recognized drug trade on a regular basis in
order to gain a greater knowledge of the
market as well as how traffickers of the
drugs operate at various market or places.
As this vast majority of drug smuggling
issues occur in nations including such
nations and countries like: Mexico,
Afghanistan, etc. and the channels by which
these countries conclude their operations,
includes nation like: Greece, Russia, Turkey,
etc. which are all closely monitored. The
market price of all these marketplaces on its
own is over $20 billion USD each year.
On terms of matters relating to
politics, medication administration and
manufacturing in nations are governed by
federal and state legislation. Furthermore,
various regulations sometimes contradict
each other during particular state regulations
regard all forms of drugs to be sources of
drug addiction, rendering them a dangerous
and possible misuse agent. Member nations
can examine and get drug warnings from
INTERPOL regarding distinct instances
innovative trafficking tactics, or developing
patterns," as when the organization conducts
analytical research on drug cartels as well as
how the incidence in different parts of the
world may be related to each other as well
(Vatanparast and Shariatinia, 2018). In
effort to combat the drug trafficking issue,
meetings on drug themes, the newest