Tourism Research Papers Analysis

This assignment requires you to carefully analyze a set of provided research papers focusing on contemporary issues within the field of tourism. The papers explore diverse topics like medical tourism, sport marketing, sustainable tourism development, cultural heritage tourism, and the impact of the internet on travel. Your analysis should delve into the conceptual frameworks, methodologies, findings, and implications of each paper, demonstrating a critical understanding of current trends and debates in tourism research.

Contemporary Issues in
Travel and Tourism

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Background and Rationale
In order to have better understanding about the subject the HK Disneyland is considered as
an organisation. Hong King Disneyland is one of famous theme park in the world which is
located in Penny’s Bay, Lantau Island. Number of travellers and tourist visits to theme park in
order to experience fun. However, organisation also faces the issues in terms of contemporary
development due to improper management in terms of diverse factors (Choi, 2012). Key
rationale behind the selection of company is that limited transportation facilities are available at
the destination. But company is still effectively managing the satisfaction among customers.
Also, additional features are available at the destination which also assist in enhancing the
customer experience level. Such practice also allows management of Disneyland to have
effective dealing with contemporary issues (Fung and Fung, 2014).
In addition to this, it can be said that by analysing the different factors and practice of HK
Disneyland the subject of contemporary issues can be explored in detailed manner. It has been
noticed that effective consideration of facilities and factors like accommodation, transportation,
tourism development, tour operators and travel agency has provided sustainable development to
company (Wong and Chong, 2012). On daily basis the 34000 visitors have visit to the theme
park. However, it is lowest as compared to all Disneyland Parks. It means company still need
some improvements in terms of contemporary values so that number of visitors can be raised at
destination. It also indicates that the selection of HK Disneyland is appropriate because it will
assist in understanding the factors that create negative values.

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Task 1..............................................................................................................................................1
A) Range of reliable secondary source, analyse any issues that drive change in the travel and
tourism sector and HK Disneyland.........................................................................................1
B) Trends within the inbound and outbound tourism are influencing changes in the travel and
tourism sector of Hong Kong Disneyland and these trends could also affect businesses......2
Task 2..............................................................................................................................................4
A) SWOT analysis of HK Disneyland and most important changes that the organisations need
to make...................................................................................................................................4
B) Strategy that HK Disneyland should follow to implement the changes discussed...........5
Task 3..............................................................................................................................................6
A) Impact of changes in organizational structure taking place in travel and tourism sector. 6
B) Consequence of HK Disneyland business failing to respond to change taking place in the
sector.......................................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION...............................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
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INTRODUCTION
Travel and tourism sector is having a great opportunities in the today international market
but sector is also facing number of issues. Contemporary issues can be defined as various
external factors which influence tourist related operations of various firms belongs from
particular tourist destination.
Task 1
A) Range of reliable secondary source, analyse any issues that drive change in the travel and
tourism sector and HK Disneyland
Travel and tourism plays an important role in the nation economic and social
development which brings the necessary changes. Due to the some issue emerged in the travel
and tourism sector are key drives changes. These drives changes beneficial for the HK
Disneyland to avoid the depletion of natural resources and manage the ecological balance. The
issues drives in the travel and tourism sector are differentiated such as follows:
 Need for increases security: These are the key issues which will beneficial to maintain
set of standard in travel and tourism sector. Required effective security in the nation
which will help to attract more tourism(Falk, J.H., Ballantyne, R., Packer, J. and
Benckendorff, P., 2012.). Also the visitors will feel safe due to high security in the
country make the better images in front of other nations. It is the responsibility of
government and other supreme bodies to gain the trust of different visitors in the nation
and make their journey more comfortable with proper security arrangement. The Higher
authority have to banned such products which are unsafe and affected the local as well
visitors health. At the various public places such as airport which required huge security
and important to restrain all the visitors at the same time. HK Disneyland frame their
own rules and regulation which is important to follow each and every visitor for
comfortable and enjoyable experience.
 Advancement in technology: These can be the major key drives changes which will
affect the nation tourism. Increasing terrorism across the world impact on the tourism
sector. Tourist are not preferring the nation where have more terrorism which can be
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threat for life. So it is important for the nation to bring advance technology to trace all
the legal activities which can damage nation. From the effective technology operation in
different place will be rapid. Disneyland overall infrastructure is focus the automation.
From the security and provides better experiences to the tourist. All the equipment and
machinery used by the Disneyland.
 State of the economy: These can be the another key drives changes which will affect
travel and tourism sector. The economy of the nation will brigs the different situation
and opportunity for the business growth and development. As the tourist destination and
domestic regions can be analysis on the basis of income ratio, balance of payment,
investment for the growth and development in the nations. Disneyland is also affected
with the purchasing power of the tourist has been decrease and due tom such instance
their revenue will affect the various operation in the business.
 Emerging of a new market: These can be the another key drives changes as the changes
in the tourist interest which will be more benefit to the travel and tourism sector. Due to
the emerging of a new market will give higher competition in the existing market and it
well be more beneficial to the sectors and its related organisations. Also the government
will boost the market by encourage more private owner for the business(Wachowiak, H.
ed., 2016). Disneyland will get more visitors due to the emerging of new market in the
tourism sector.
B) Trends within the inbound and outbound tourism are influencing changes in the travel and
tourism sector of Hong Kong Disneyland and these trends could also affect businesses.
The emerging market and various trend such as inbound and outbound in tourism sector
will influencing different change in the travel and tourism sectors. Amusement ethics and power
is main element in the travel and tourism sector. Development in the various technology will
give more beneficial for this sector. As the inbound and outbound of Hong Kong tourism discuss
in the detailed as follows:
Inbound
 Coaches Travel packages: These are the trend in travel and tourism with the
consideration for inbound changes. The various agency will give the attractive package
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for the tourism in a nominal fair and some extra discount t will be provided to the
tourism will attract more traveller.
 National parks: These can be attractive place for the visitors which are influence s in to
the tourism sector. So it is important for the tourist authority to make develop the
national park of the nation and provide safety at such destination where it necessary.
 Industrial heritage sites: From the various industrial heritage sites in the nation will
influence travel and tourism sector. The new things will be available in front of the
people will directly affect on business of Disneyland.
 Museum and art galleries: it is the key trend in the travel and tourist which will
influence the inbound of the Disneyland business. In the Hong Kong museum and art
gallery will be the option for visitors which will affect the business operation of the
Disneyland.
 Theme parks: the various theme park like Disneyland which will provide the different
experience inside the Disneyland will attract from kids to adult.
Outbound
 Improved and more predictable climate: This the serious outbound changes in the
nation which will influence the travel and tourism sectors. Improvement in the clime and
prediction before an y uncertainty arise due to clime will affect the tourism which which
will affect the business operation of Disneyland(Falk, J.H., Ballantyne, R., Packer, J. and
Benckendorff, P., 2012).
 Cost of air flight has overall become cheaper: Currency rates increase of decrease in
he nation will directly impact on the cost of flights fair will be reduce which will
influence the tourism.
The preceding inbound and outbound trends may impact on the organisation business in
the nation will put adverse pressure on the citizens. As the increase in price of different goods
and services due to adverse impact of inbound and outbound which will impact on the tourism
and as well on the Disneyland.
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Task 2
A) SWOT analysis of HK Disneyland and most important changes that the organisations need to
make.
Disneyland will attract tourist from kids to adults. They have some strengthen, weakness
of the Disneyland with the opportunity to develop business. From the threat in HK Disneyland
will be the major concern in terms of decrease in visitors in organisation. SWOT analysis of the
HK Disneyland will help to brings the necessary changes in the organisations which have
adverse impact on the business.
Strength Low cost and lower overhead: For the Disneyland the major strength with their low cost
and lower over head services for the visitors brigs the best experiences and enjoyable in
the organisations. They had set price to attract all types of tourist who can afford easily.
The lover head cost such as promotion and advertisement will cost increase the revenue
of the organisations.
 Good location: Disneyland is located at the Lantau Island which will attract more
tourism in the nation. Good internal communications: These can be the strength for Disneyland where the
internal communications in terms of staffs will be polite with the visitors. These will
help to brings the better management for the visitors in the organisations(Sharpley, R.
and Telfer, D.J. eds., 2014). From the boards for the direction at each and every step will
be the more helpful for visitors.
 Well motivated staffs: Disneyland staffs will be motivated due to the effective human
resource management and policies implementation by them.
Weakness
Lack of flexibility: This can be the major weakness for the Disneyland which will affect the
security inside the park due to flexibility in some of the place will damage the organisation
property.
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A computer system that needs to updating or replacing: it is the weakens for the organisation
as they have old updated system which need to replace for the rapid operations(Post, J.C. ed.,
2013).
Limited products expertise: It is also weakness for the organisations due to limited products
expertise for the rapid business operation during the visitors check in the organisation for better
experience need information about the various equipments.
Opportunity
weak competitions: This can be the opportunity for the HK Disneyland who can take the
advantages of weak competition in the market due to few player who are associated with these
business. They have more chance to attract the tourist with the help of high promotion.
Expanding market: These is the opportunity for the organisation as they need to expand their
business in the part of the Hong Kong which will help to attract more visitors from local and
international level.
Threat
New legislation in pipelines that will be bad for the market: Due to the introduce of new
legislation in pipelines that will be bad for the market and which can be the threat for the
Disneyland.
Expensive legal actions pending: These can be the major threat for the HK Disneyland a the
previous issues are not solved and still pending which are burden on the organisation due to legal
action have been taken by the organisations.
B) Strategy that HK Disneyland should follow to implement the changes discussed.
The various strategy must followed to the Disneyland for the implementation changes as
discuss such as:
Marketing Plan: From the effective marketing plan Disneyland can attract more tourist which
will meet the requirement of the organisations. The their of marketing its concept will achieve
the objective of the organisations.
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Advertising technique: It is vital for the Disneyland which can set the powerful procedure to
accomplish the goal of associations. It can be incorporated, for example, statement of purpose of
sea parks ought to be unmistakably characterized.
Marketing Mix: it is essential for the HK Disneyland which will make the important changes
which are hindrances for the business. The element of the marketing mix is important for the
consideration for the growth and development of the business. The product, place, price,
promotion and distribution of the various services of the HK Disneyland.
Brand Development: As the marketing mix of the HK Disneyland are the essential aspect. it
will help to get the better brand development which will takes pace in the park. Form the
repeating purchasing at some point of brand security(Connell, J., 2013.). At the hazards situation
HK Disneyland can take the competitive advantages with the effective brand loyalty.
Justification of decisions
As the strategy will be implement in the organisation can be easily justified that if these
elements will be implemented in better manner. The decision will change in terms of different
way such as follows:
Effective and Efficiency: All the resource of the organisation is important to utilise in a
optimum manner. Also the efficiency in the operation will be enhance and reducing in the cost
and which can affect the profits of the business.
Cost: The different good and service inside the organisation will changes and adverse impact
can be seen on the various task of HK Disneyland(Hall, C.M., 2013. ).
Advantages: If the best possible usage of brand improvement and advertising blend is
connected it can influence a simple operation for the sea to stop.
Task 3
A) Impact of changes in organizational structure taking place in travel and tourism sector.
The different impact of changes in the organisation structure taking place in the travel
and tourism sector. The various key areas which have adverse impact changes such as follows:
Sector structure: The travel and tourism sector have different changes can be made with the
various hindrances in organisations(Lovelock, B. and Lovelock, K., 2013.). As the travel and
tourism have the different nature which will allows to save from the failures and short lives
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organisation it is essential for the firm to expand their organisation with the proper analysis of
the travel and tourism sectors.
Merger and acquisitions: As the association will merge with the various organisations attract
the more customer with effective planning.
Liquidations: it will helps when the organisation is running short of cash due to low business in
the travel and tourism industry.
Businesses: From the effective changes made in the structure of the sector will impact on the
firms hierarchy. The progressions that happened because of privatization and globalization the
entire business will confront many difficulties. The specialist offers distinctive bundles while
association has another markdown offer (Spenceley, 2012).
• Employment level: because of compelling tourism as per the WTO it can be assessed that more
than 260 million individuals get utilized in the movement and tourism(Cohen, Higham, Stefan
and Peeters, 2014.). On the off chance that the business will develop more than it can be
influenced to the countries work.
B) Consequence of HK Disneyland business failing to respond to change taking place in the
sector.
The Disneyland is one of the major tourist attraction of the Hong Kong. It not only attracts the
local tourist but also from the global scale too. Its one of the major organisation that works in the
travel and tourism sector of the Hong Kong. But in the recent time the Disneyland has seen a
tremendous drop in the tourist count which had affected the profitability of the organisation. The
main reason behind it is that Disneyland had been unable to cope up with the latest changes in
the market trends which had affected it very badly. Some major consequences are:
 Reduction in profitability: The HK Disneyland is not only a tourist spot but also it has
invested a lot of capital in other businesses. Now, with the failing of those ventures have
affected the overall profitability of the Disneyland|(Carlisle, Kunc, Jones, and Tiffin,
2013). The Disneyland is unable to bear the expenses of its other businesses which had
reduced its overall profit margin. Also, the sales of the tickets of the Disneyland have
reduced which indicated the decrease in the tourist count. The visitors are now reluctant
to visit Disneyland due to lack of innovative services and products.
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 Change in the taste of customers and suppliers: As Disneyland had failed to meet the
changes of taste or requirements and demands of the customers with the passage of time,
it had affected the company in a very adverse manner and had the negative consequences.
The organisation had badly failed to retain and sustain its customers due to lack of clear
tourism policies and measures(Kaminski, Benson and Arnold, 2013). Also, the lack of
innovation is been a major factor affecting the market of the company. Even the suppliers
of the services are now getting reluctant in continuing the trade with Disneyland due to
lack of proper profit and Return of Investments.
 Loss of effective Brand image: At one point of time, the HK Disneyland had been an
example of the best tourist spot in Hong Kong(Standing, Tang-Taye and Boyer, 2014).
Due to the lack of innovative approaches, same old products and services and
miscommunication, the tourists now avoid visiting the place and now are facing towards
the other competitors of the Disneyland. This had affected the brand image and market
value of the company to a greater extent.
 Increase in the competition: Hong Kong, being a tourist hotspot had been flourished
with the Disneyland. But with the passage of time and technical advancement, the
competition in the tourism market of Hong Kong had been increased to a greater extent.
Many amusements and theme parks are providing their innovative products and services
to the visitors on a lower or reasonable rates, as compared to Disneyland. This had
affected the overall market share and profitability of the company to a deeper
extent(Rogerson, 2013.). The adaptability to newer ideas had provided the competitors
with and advantage that had been proved a major break through to attract a larger number
of tourists, as compared to Disneyland.
CONCLUSION
From the report, Contemporary issues in travel and tourism can be inferred that it is
critical for the every single association which needs to concentrate on the different patterns that
can influence the business operations. No business can develop with no advertising arrangement
and distinctive methodologies to draw in more client towards the associations. As the
Disneyland need to grow their business with the assistance of different partner to improve brand
image across the globe.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Choi, K., 2012. Disneyfication and localisation: The cultural globalisation process of Hong
Kong Disneyland. Urban Studies. 49(2). pp. 383-397.
Fung, W.S. and Fung, R.Y., 2014. September. The development of a supply chain model for
tourism crisis management. In Management of Innovation and Technology (ICMIT) 2014 IEEE
International Conference. pp. 284-289.
Wong, A. and Chong, R., 2012. THEMEQUAL—Adapting the SERVQUAL scale to theme
park services: A case of Hong Kong Disneyland. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 29(5).
pp. 416-429.
Connell, J., 2013. Contemporary medical tourism: Conceptualisation, culture and
commodification. Tourism Management, 34, pp.1-13.
Wachowiak, H. ed., 2016. Tourism and borders: contemporary issues, policies and international
research. Routledge.
Desbordes, M. and Richelieu, A. eds., 2012. Global sport marketing: Contemporary issues and
practice. Routledge.
Desbordes, M. and Richelieu, A. eds., 2012. Global sport marketing: Contemporary issues and
practice. Routledge.
Falk, J.H., Ballantyne, R., Packer, J. and Benckendorff, P., 2012. Travel and learning: A
neglected tourism research area. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), pp.908-927.
Sharpley, R. and Telfer, D.J. eds., 2014. Tourism and development: concepts and issues (Vol.
63). Channel View Publications.
Telfer, D.J. and Sharpley, R., 2015. Tourism and development in the developing world.
Routledge.
Post, J.C. ed., 2013. Ethnomusicology: a contemporary reader. Routledge.
Cohen, S.A., Higham, J.E., Stefan, G. and Peeters, P. eds., 2014. Understanding and governing
sustainable tourism mobility: Psychological and behavioural approaches (Vol. 43). Routledge.
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Hall, C.M., 2013. Wine, food, and tourism marketing. Routledge.
Carlisle, S., Kunc, M., Jones, E. and Tiffin, S., 2013. Supporting innovation for tourism
development through multi-stakeholder approaches: Experiences from Africa. Tourism
Management, 35, pp.59-69.
Janoschka, M. and Haas, H. eds., 2013. Contested spatialities, lifestyle migration and residential
tourism (Vol. 41). Routledge.
Lovelock, B. and Lovelock, K., 2013. The ethics of tourism: Critical and applied perspectives.
Routledge.
Kaminski, J., Benson, A.M. and Arnold, D. eds., 2013. Contemporary issues in cultural heritage
tourism (Vol. 42). Routledge.
Standing, C., Tang-Taye, J.P. and Boyer, M., 2014. The impact of the Internet in travel and
tourism: A research review 2001–2010. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 31(1), pp.82-
113.
Rogerson, C.M., 2013. Tourism, small firm development and empowerment in post-apartheid
South Africa. Small firms in tourism, 13.
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