Contemporary Issues in Health and Social Care

This report discusses the contemporary issues in the health and social care industry, with a focus on service user involvement and the challenges faced by the Black and Minority Ethnic (BAME) community. It highlights the benefits of service user involvement for BAME and provides recommendations for improvement. The report also addresses the background to service user involvement and the importance of BAME involvement in the healthcare sector. Overall, it provides insights into the current issues and offers suggestions for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of health and social care services.

CONTEMPORARY
ISSUES IN HEALTH
AND SOCIAL CARE

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Background to Service User Involvement..............................................................................3
Black and Minority Ethnic or Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) and Service User
Involvement............................................................................................................................4
Benefits of Service User Involvement for Black and Minority Ethnic or Black, Asian and
Minority Ethnic (BAME).......................................................................................................5
Challenges of Service User Involvement for BAME ............................................................6
Recommendations..................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INVOLVEMENT OF BAME AS SERVICES USER IN HEALTH CARE
INTRODUCTION
Health and social care industry is a very large and growing industry in the present day
due to adaption of many changes there are also many challenges which the health care industry
faces. The contemporary issues in healthcare and social issues is the consequences which occur
in the health care industry which includes, child care, hospital regulations, issues In investment
in healthcare. This report have a detailed information about how the increase in health and social
care brings many issues and challenges to make the industry more effective and also satisfying
for the patients. There are many factors which the industry have to analyze in order to increase
the efficiency and propose a better services to their patients. The black and minority ethnic group
also support the healthcare industry. In addition, this report will also highlight the service user
involvement in Health and social care industry.
Background to Service User Involvement
The involvement of service user can be defined as active participation by the people
which help to improve health conditions with their knowledge and skills. Training and
development helps the service user to increase their skills and knowledge to provide better
involvement in health and social care sector (Semrau and et.al., 2016). The health care industry
get the understanding the behavior of service user to make the effective strategies to increase the
efficiency of the services and make the service user more satisfied. The involvement of BAME
in the health care industry also help the legal system to make the proper justice to the criminal
cases as there is a proper knowledge about all the heath issues which BAME community can
have (Rogers, Bethel and Boddy, 2017). The importance of user involvement was felt when there
was the agitation against the health for the BAME patients in health and social care industry as
they wanted to be treated at their comfort and at their home. Black and minority ethnic group
helped heath care industry to understand that there was inequality and which discouraged other
ethnicity to involve in health sector. This led to increase in the change in the traditional method
of the healthcare industry due to involvement of service users. The service user also helped
service provider to understand importance to innovate and increase the efficiency of health
services (Garwood and Hassett, 2019). BAME involvement in mental health care sector also
become important as the service provider have to understand the behavior, and they also

experimented many users to understand and gain the knowledge to increase the efficiency of the
services and provide the better heath treatment.
The media also helped the healthcare industry to grow in the initial stage as it provided
the proper awareness to the population about the services and problems health care is facing and
it increased the number of service user which helped to increase the growth of the industry
(Hanghøj and et.al., 2019). At the beginning the patients which have illness were programmed on
television to increase the knowledge of people by which many people self diagnosed the similar
symptoms in their family members and friends and reached the health care unit for treatments.
The industry also improved and gained the knowledge while there was the involvement of
services user. The health care industry adopted Arnstein & consumerism theory as it helped the
health care industry to understand the service user needs and demands and different choices
which were according to their beliefs, cultures, attitude as the industry also analyzed that the
patients are not behaving properly as their demands are increasing rapidly like a consumer in the
health care industry (Veseth and et.al., 2017). Consumerism theory also helped the BAME to get
involved in health and social care sector to increase their participation which help them to
understand the issues and problems of BAME community which helped to increase service
quality of providers. This also help to empowerment to backward communities and increase their
skills and knowledge.
Black and Minority Ethnic or Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) and Service User
Involvement
As BAME were majorly discriminated by the population of White people and the service
provider of health care in the country (Tomalin, Sadgrove and Summers, 2019). The involvement
of BAME in the health care industry also improved the thinking of the white people which are in
majority in the country to provide with the equal services to them. As the majority of old patients
in the country were from BAME group which have suffered from dementia which were not
given the proper care by the service provider due to racism and due to of the lower community
the equal opportunities were not given to them which made the situation of the group worse. As
the healthcare professionals were not given any heart feelings for BAME community and which
make them suffer from pain. The major issue in the treatment of BAME was the communication
barriers as majority of population of BAME community do not speak English and which make it
difficult for the professionals to understand and the issues in the patients (Tierney and et.al.,

2016). The patients from the BAME groups were also considered to at high risk from recovering
from the illness due to lack of understating and lack of knowledge and there was no support to
the group which also made the situation bad. There was the new legislation and laws to increase
the safety and protection of the minorities like the BAME groups and also allow them to use all
the services equally Nancarrow and et.al., 2019). The involvement of BAME in health and social
care services were promoted which helped to support other ethnicity apart from white people.
The government implemented the Equality Act,2010 which helped the country to provide
equality to all the population and also bring them to same level in providing justice and services.
Health and Social Care Act, 2012 and care act, 2014 which helped the community to increase
their presence in the health care sector as the laws supported the community to increase their
presence, and they also helped the group to educate and increase the level of skills so that they
can also support their own groups and community. BAME was involved in the healthcare sector
which prove a better understanding the medical sector to understand the issue of metal illness
and also study the causes of the illness effectively. The service user also increased as the health
care have improved the information and techniques to provide the better services to the patients
and make them better (Millar, Chambers and Giles, 2016). BAME Community were also not part
of service user involvement as they were discriminated on the basis on nationality, education,
and they were also not treated special due to stereotype that BAME because of skin color and
traits and characteristics which discouraged them to enter in health care sector.
Benefits of Service User Involvement for Black and Minority Ethnic or Black, Asian and
Minority Ethnic (BAME)
After the involvement of BAME in the healthcare industry the services of the industry
have improved as the knowledge and understanding communicating with the BAME was
analyzed and which also made the Service providers more effective in making the better
understanding increasing the heath care industry towards the equality. BAME group were unable
to get the benefits of the health care service even after the proper payment of the taxes and fees
for the services Laitila and et.al., 2018). Even the staff from BAME were not able to cope with
the training and development in the industry as they were not able to handle the service user
which speak English and also the lack of knowledge make them inefficient in providing the best
services to the users and discouraged them to be efficient in the industry. The searcher also
showed that the awareness for the in improving the language for the BAME groups were

organized by the government but the lack of interests of the group made the effort ineffective and
the situation become same again.
The services to the older user were provided b the professional of the healthcare, and they
also made sure that they reduce the pain and support their community in providing the health
care services. And the services were designed specially according to the cultures and beliefs of
the community to make the satisfied and also improve their health effectively Kawas and Wong,
2019). The new communication methods were also discovered many possible ways to
communicate with the help of newspapers radio which will make the BAME understand the
importance of health care services and also support them easily. The government also allowed to
provide the group about the information related the services with the help of grassroots
community resources. It also helps the BAME group to feel that they are equal, and they are
treated as equal and no one is discriminated according to their caste or creed. The government
also made the strict laws against the decriminalization against the inequality in the country and
which made all the citizens accept the fact and help each other in doing their activities Jutlla and
Raghavan, 2017). This also helped the health carry industry tom improve as the major old
population were in BAME groups which were suffering from dementia and with the support of
the group the health care services were improved and it helped them to improve the knowledge
and skills about the disease. Service user involvement of BAME also helped White people to
understand the potential and importance of the community which also helped to increase the
economic activity due to equal rights of education and work in health sector.
The welfare benefits of the BAME community was also proposed by the government the
different community heath care center were opened to support the specific health of the
community people and make them safe (Grundy and et.al., 2016). This helped the economy of
UK and life expectancy ratio of the country to rise effectively. The increased like rate made the
community more stable and strong which also supported the country to grow in every aspect and
BAME also were employed in every industry to increase the production of the economy and
which helped to increase the living standard of the country grow with the increase in the demand
and supply f the market.
Challenges of Service User Involvement for BAME
The BAME group have felt many major challenges which make the health care services
in the BAME groups inefficient. The group also had many old user which suffered from many

diseased but the mainly mental illness and this made the group more inefficient to connect with
the other communities as they were facing many health issues and there were no proper support
from the Heath service provider in the country Hylton and et.al., 2019). Some major factors
which created obstacles in the growth of the BAME groups were the geographical location of
their residence as BAME community were living in the remote areas in small villages and poor
infrastructure and facilities which accounted 3 percent of total population of UK, BAME also
does not have proper communication facilities with the world, which make the group not have
the information about the different services and programs by the government. Another factor was
level of education and skills also made the Group unable to understand and communicate with
the government and health care.
UK health care service provider used the ethnicity categories data according 2001 census which
created a huge gap in providing services as the health condition of minorities were deteriorating
but due to traditional data involvement of BAME in health care sector were Neglected (Gleeson,
Duke and Thom, 2019). The issues in the BAME group to reach to any health care services were
the lack of knowledge to analyze the system, of then services, and they lack the proper
knowledge of the language which make them inactive to use the services and also demotivated
them to be the part of the country. The language barrier also made it very difficulty for the group
to understand and made any other people understand their problems. They also lack the proper
training and developmental skills in the heath and social care which made the services for the
groups very poor. (Cheers, 2019)
The generation effects were also one of the challenges in the BAME group was that the
individual which are young were also not given the equal opportunities for the job and
employment in the health care industry and also in other industry as they were treated as
untouchables. Mobility of services was also a challenge which was faced by the government in
providing with the health as the BAME group were having their residence in the remote areas
and which made difficult for the government to sent all the services to the remote areas. Vision
of the group was also not effective due to the lack of knowledge and education to perceive all the
services and also comment in the political affairs as they were not confident and never supported
by the government.
The staff training was also made difficult fir the group to increase the interest in the health
services as the professional of the industry were not treating every user equally and which

created a huge gap between white people and BAME (Gavin, 2018). The group also have
difficulties in expressing their thoughts to the providers and make them understand their
problems.
Recommendations
The government should also increase the diversified employment in the health care sector
with the effective training and development so that they can e more effective in providing the
services to their BAME community and other who are in need (Abma, Groot and Widdershoven,
2019). The increase in the technology should also be adopted by the health care industry in order
to increase the quality of the service and to analyze the issues of the patient effectively. The
government also have to increase the number of health care providers in the country in order to
provide the better services and in every location even in the remote locations. Media should be
used effectively to increase the awareness about the mental diseases which can be seen in the old
people and what are the symptoms of the diseases. Which will help the citizens to understand
and increase the knowledge about all the health diseases so that they can be make effective
health decisions in standard of living to avoid the disease according to the possibility. The health
care providers should also apply strategies to attract the users and make them healthy. A system
need to be developed by the government in which they can understand and solve all the
grievances of all the communities without any injustice. The health providers also should have a
better knowledge of dementia and also should know how to cure the disease (Abayneh and et.al.,
2017). This will help BAME in service user involvement of Health and social Care sector of UK
and also help them to increase their standard f living and education level to support health of
their own community.
CONCLUSION
In this report there was a brief study which helped to understand that UK government
have analyzed the importance of making the laws and treating every citizens equality and in this
report BAME Groups were not treated well in the health care and social crease industry in the
country, the community also faced many challenges as the majority of BAME were old and
mental illness but the professionals of the health care industry were not helping the needy users,
and they were also not provide with the proper knowledge about the importance of health care.

The main issues which the group faced was they were not educated and also do not speak
English properly which created a big obstacle of communication for the health care providers.
The government found the effective was to make the communication between the BAME groups
so that they can increase the efficiency and make them more healthy and cure them.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Abayneh, S and et.al., 2017. Service user involvement in mental health system strengthening in a
rural African setting: qualitative study. BMC psychiatry. 17(1). p.187.
Abma, T., Groot, B. and Widdershoven, G., 2019. The Ethics of Public and Service User
Involvement in Health Research: The Need for Participatory Reflection on Everyday
Ethical Issues. The American Journal of Bioethics. 19(8). pp.23-25.
Gavin, S., 2018. Needs Assessment of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) Groups.
Gleeson, H., Duke, K. and Thom, B., 2019. Challenges to providing culturally sensitive drug
interventions for black and Asian minority ethnic (BAME) groups within UK youth
justice systems. Drugs and Alcohol Today.
Grundy, A.C and et.al., 2016. Bringing meaning to user involvement in mental health care
planning: a qualitative exploration of service user perspectives. Journal of Psychiatric
and Mental Health Nursing. 23(1). pp.12-21.
Hylton, K and et.al., 2019. Review of Literature, in The ABC of BAME New, mixed method
research into black, Asian and minority ethnic groups and their motivations and barriers
to volunteering.
Jutlla, K. and Raghavan, R., 2017. Improving the recruitment of Black, Asian and Minority
Ethnic (BAME) communities in health and social care research: a review of literature.
Kawas, L. and Wong, B., 2019. Race, ethnicity and diversity: The challenges and opportunities
for lecturers in STEM.
Laitila, M and et.al., 2018. Service users' views regarding user involvement in mental health
services: A qualitative study. Archives of psychiatric nursing. 32(5). pp.695-701.
Millar, S.L., Chambers, M. and Giles, M., 2016. Service user involvement in mental health care:
an evolutionary concept analysis. Health Expectations. 19(2). pp.209-221.
Nancarrow, S.A and et.al., 2019. Service User and Lay involvement in Health Care. Cambridge
Handbook of Psychology, Health and Medicine. 15(11). p.347.
Tierney, E and et.al., 2016. A critical analysis of the implementation of service user involvement
in primary care research and health service development using normalization process
theory. Health Expectations. 19(3). pp.501-515.
Tomalin, E., Sadgrove, J. and Summers, R., 2019. Health, faith and therapeutic landscapes:
places of worship as black, Asian and minority ethnic (BamE) public health settings in
the United Kingdom. Social Science & Medicine. 230. pp.57-65.
Veseth, M and et.al., 2017. Collaborating to stay open and aware: Service user involvement in
mental health research as an aid in reflexivity. Nordic Psychology. 69(4). pp.256-263.
Garwood, P.T. and Hassett, A., 2019. Service user involvement in cognitive behavioural therapy
training: an interpretive phenomenological analysis. The Journal of Mental Health
Training. Education and Practice.
Semrau, M and et.al., 2016. Service user and caregiver involvement in mental health system
strengthening in low-and middle-income countries: systematic review. BMC health
services research. 16(1). p.79.
Rogers, M., Bethel, A. and Boddy, K., 2017. Development and testing of a medline search filter
for identifying patient and public involvement in health research. Health Information &
Libraries Journal. 34(2). pp.125-133.

Hanghøj, S and et.al., 2019. Helping others: reasons for participation in service user involvement
initiatives from the perspective of adolescents and young adults with cancer. Journal of
adolescent and young adult oncology. 8(5). pp.534-539.