Examining the Influence of Predecessor Characteristics on Performance

The provided content includes various educational backgrounds that explore the influence of predecessor characteristics and performance. The articles touch on topics such as Systemic entrepreneurship, Qualitative comparative analysis, Contemporary utilization of the SSIGN SCORE, PSA density and free-to-total PSA ratio, Daytime napping and sleepiness, Environmental crime and social conflict, International Human Resource Management, and Contemporary issues in the post-crisis regulatory landscape. Additionally, there are book reviews on God's Presence: A Contemporary Recapitulation of Early Christianity and Niche Tourism: Contemporary Issues, Trends, and Cases. Overall, the content provides insights into various fields, including business, entrepreneurship, finance, human resources, tourism, and theology.

Contemporary issues in travel and tourism
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Analyzing different issues that are currently driving change in the travel and tourism sector
.....................................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Analyze and Assessing two different current issue issues by using appropriate methods....5
Task 3...............................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Analyzing the way in which e how international airlines group businesses could respond
to change ....................................................................................................................................6
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INTRODUCTION
Contemporary issue is a subject matter that is currently in public discourse. It involves
various issues that affect the business in near future. It refers to current problems that are faced
by the overall hospitality industry in order to forecast uncertain changes and prepared for the
changes in advance.s. This project report is all about current issues in travel and tourism sector
which can affect the smooth business functioning. It also involves several things such as
developing business strategies and strategic business responses to the external environment.
TASK 1
1.1 Analyzing different issues that are currently driving change in travel and tourism sector
An assistant manager of travel operator UK firm is responsible to meet all the needs of its
business by focusing on inbound and outbound tourism markets. These markets are analyzed in
order to find current trends and various kinds of issues which help in developing business
strategies. The famous tourist destination of United Kingdom is London. It counts in one of the
popular tourist places in the world due to its rich and heritage culture. It is also known as land of
museums. Following are several current issues that lie in the tourism market which will give
negative impact on hospitality industry:
 Taxation- It is one of the important issues faced by tourism sector of hospitality industry
(Roig-Tierno 2016). Tourism is a highly taxed sector in the world as it offers a wide
range of services to its customers. The percentage of taxes paid on an airline ticket, a
hotel room and rental car is almost 40% of the commodity's cost that comes from add-
on-taxes. The government officials claim that they must provide additional protection
services to non-residents. Tourism is an easy target for government to impose heavy
taxes on the industry in order to achieve revenue from the industry. The heavy tax
burden on travel and tourism sector will minimize the current tourism market demands.
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Taxes include value added tax, services tax, goods and service tax (GST) and many
regulations.
 Standardization- In the current competitive market, it is mandatory for every business
to standardize its products and services as per the stipulated standards. Certain standards
are defined by the government to provide transform business activities by complying
with the same such as predetermined factors. Globalization is offering ample of
opportunities to the business by expanding business worldwide. This will affect the
business in a positive manner and provide new future opportunities.
 Security- It is a major challenge for travel and tourism sector of hospitality industry.
The main deficiency of this industry is lack of security The major problem faced by this
sector is lack of security of all the services that firms delivered to its customers.
1.2 Assessing two different current issues by using appropriate methods
As per current report of United nations UK is targeted by the terrorists UK has
destinations where arrival of tourists is very high (Parker and Frank 2016). It generally
consists of many locations which are worldwide famous and people tend to travel several number
of times to those places. As per the recent survey of United Kingdom, this nation is secured for
traveling. Along with that, it is one of the favorite places which tourists want to visit. Following
are some of the appropriate methods and resources to analyze different current issues in tourism
industry:
 World tourism report- As per this report, UK has been highly appreciated among the
top holiday destinations in the UK. People generally tend to enjoy their holiday in UK.
Number of tourist arrivals is high in all the tourist destinations of UK such as London and
other tourist destinations in UK as per report of recent survey.t. The tourism department
of UK is one of the destinations followed by most of the public.
 Financial report- As per this report, UK is one of the affordable tourist destinations in
terms of cost of hotels, restaurants and other facilities. It also includes famous tourist
places that are available for the tourists at reasonable rates. There are several kinds of
offers available during the time of different types of seasons such as festivals, wedding
season, school and college holidays, national events and national holidays. These
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holidays will increase the revenue of hospitality organization. Main target people of
hotels and restaurants are foreign customers who tend to travel across the world. These
people can select different kinds of packages to enjoy their holiday. It may include
packages with all facilities and tour packages with required facilities. This also helps
company in order to enhance the growth of economy of UK by increasing tourism
revenue of country.
 Political reports- These reports are the analytical instrument in order to judge the current
performance of business to forecast its future capabilities. It also plays a significant role
in travel and tourism sector as it is having a huge impact on the economy of country in
which tourists are traveling (Mallett 2016). It helps to identify the governmental
pressure and legal and regulatory framework imposed on the organization to achieve high
level of excellence in all its services.
TASK 3
3.1 Analyzing the way in which International airlines group respond to changes.nternational
airlines group businesses could respond to change
It helps to identify the internal performance of the business by analyzing its strengths
and weaknesses.. It will have impact on the tourism business and so as on various tourist
destinations. Firms can use different tools and techniques such as SWOT analysis. It is explained
like::
Strengths:
 IAG holdinElsaid, E., Benson, 2016g company structure- The organizational
structure of IAG Company is unlike the typical merger of two firms or the acquisitions of
one by another. IAG was created with a central holding organization in order to separate
the central group management from operating airline management (Elsaid and
Benson 2016).
 Leading position on the North Atlantic- IAG is a leading airline group by as per their
feet on North Atlantic with a market share of 14%. This strategic move of company is to
gain competitive advantage over its competitors.
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 Faster progress with labor restructuring- The motive of firm is to re-build the inner
potential of all its workforces to achieve better outputs. It requires high amount of costs
but IAG takes it as a challenge and work on it in order to increase the efficiency of all its
employees by analyzing its strengths and weaknesses.
Weaknesses
 Insufficient ROIC- It is one of the deficiencies of company in achieving good rate of
return on the capital invested by shareholders. Main aim of firm is to maximize the
money invested by shareholders. IAG targets for having return on invested capital up to
12% or more for operating companies for the years 2016 to 2020. This equates to
operating margin decided by firm in the range of 10%-14%. The current profitability
level of airline organization is not good and less as compared to the stipulated levels
maintained by organization.
 Constrained capacity- Heat throw hub will become strength of firm in order to meet
excessive demands. Lack of spare capacity at the airport constrains growth and also keeps
charges high which reflect the weakness of enterprise.
Opportunities
 Asia Pacific expansion- Main aim of every business is to deliver its services worldwide
and expand business all over the world in order to gain competitive advantage. IAG's
relatively weak presence in Asia Pacific provides opportunities for future expansion in
the left area of business.
 Substantial efficiency improvement- Other opportunities for the business are in terms
of getting bulk of orders due to unique and different approach adopted by organization
that is sustainability in tourism sector. The fleet contains large number of order
generation with the help of high efficiency of the aircrafts. These include aircraft of
several kinds with average ages in excess of haul workhorse Boeing 757-200s and 737-
400/300s (Goldraich and Stehlik 2016). These airlines will provide ample of
opportunities in both the manner, that is, direct as well as in indirect.
Threats
 LCC competition remains- Vueling's market position in market segmentation of LCC
department is enough to combat the current competition in the market.Increasing
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competition remains a threat for companies like British airways and Iberia. More
specifically, competitors who enhance the level of competition and poses continuous
threat for other organizations are EasyJet and Ryanair to attract more customers towards
their business. These two airlines target high class business travelers to increase their
sales revenue which helps them to increase their market share and growth rate as well.
3.2 Developing strategies to help business to respond to the changes
In order to respond the change a set of well developed strategies are requires for
International airlines group so that the travel and tourism sector of this company can be operated
properly. The company have different businesses under the one central group such as British
airways, Iberia, Vueling and Aer Lingus. The firm needs to use different marketing strategy and
tools for attracting large number of tourists in relation to different competitive cities. The
personalisation of several tourist destinations and attractions can offer wide range of options to
the travelers for visiting the place. The development of different venues, parks, museums,
galleries, clubs and shopping streets is the best suitable strategy company can adopt to increase
its performance and efficiency of services offered to customers. Following are some of the
strategies company can develop to respond to the external business environment changes:
PESTLE analysis- It is an macro economic tool which helps to evaluate the external business
environment (Dalmar and Singh 2016). It helps to judge the internal performance of
business in relation to the external environment. It is an acronym which stands for Political,
economical, social, technological, legal and environmental factors. It helps to identified all the
favorable as well as unfavorable conditions exist in the business.
Porter's five forces- It is another strategy company can adopt in order to find out competitive
pressures arises from different sources. It includes various aspects such as Threat of new entrant
in the market, rivalry among current players, bargaining power of customers, bargaining power
of suppliers and threat of substitute products. This technique helps to determine the competition
in the market and market attractiveness of the market.
Marketing Mix- It includes extending the standard elements of the traditional marketing mix
such as price, product , place and promotion. These are the basic pillars of developing the
marketing strategy of the company.
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The British airways and Iberia can adopt any of above strategies in order to respond to the
external business environment changes. The most effective technique both the business can
adopt is Pestle analysis and porter's five forces which helps to analyze the two main things that
may include competition and strengths and weaknesses of the business.
3.3 justify strategies on the basis of suitability in the IAG
The strategies adopted by an organization needs to compatible with the business nature
and its different characteristics (Boama and Guinto 2016). It is the main duty of every
business to develop such strategies on the basis of different key considerations adopted by the
company. Following are the justification of the strategies that can be used by an organization in
its business are:
PESTLE analysis- It is an strategic analysis of external business environment or deep
understanding of market research analysis. The tourism industry is regarded as most popular
and recognized sector in the hospitality industry. It evaluates the current business position,
direction of operational activities and market growth or opportunities.
Political- It includes trade restrictions, tax policies, tariffs, labor law, environment law, Aircraft
rules and regulations.
Economic- It involves various aspects which can effect the functioning of the business are
globalization, Industry ownership, GDP per capital, Number of consumers, Unemployment rate,
trade balance.
Social factors- It comprises of basic and higher education, human development direction,
consumers buying patterns, brand image of a company, marketing and advertising of the
company.
Technological factors- It involves maturity of technology, Research and development activity,
Replacement of existing technology with the new and latest technology in order to update with
the external environment (Peck 2016).
Environment- It includes factors like climate, climatic changes, weather which disturbs the
functioning of airline business.
Legal factor- It includes various protection available to the customers against the employer such
as consumer law, employment law , discrimination law, health and safety laws and several
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measures adopted by the organization which affect the company's cost, demand for particular
products or services and its also will affect all the operational activities of the business.
The International airlines group which involves two business British airways and Iberia may use
Pestle analysis for enhancing its business functioning. It is beneficial for company to meet its
goals and objectives and overall community development.
TASK 4
4.1 Analyze the impacts of issues and trends that drive changes in travel and tourism sector
To
The Director
Sub: Analyzing impacts of issues and trends
This report has been prepared in order to identify the several issues and current trends in
the market which drive the changes in tourism industry. This report is reflecting the impact of
issues and trends on three companies Thomas Cook, The Travel network group and Myla .
Myla is an independent travel agency specialized in luxury travel with 10 branches in UK. The
company's structure may affect because of different acquisition, mergers with other companies.
These will affect the profitability of the company in terms of the services they are offering to the
customers. The company has two options available with them one is that to join the new travel
group and other is to merged with Thomas Cook. The company is recommended to join The new
travel network in order to gain the global exposure. On the contrary the merging decision with
the Thomas Cook is not effective for the business it results in losses of jobs and changes in
business practices.
The new travel network group which is currently the largest UK travel consortia with over 800
members which shows that the organization is taking care about its employees and there is no
employee retention and low staff turnover. The big organization will provide ample of
opportunities to the business and it also provide different and unique exposure to the another
business partners (Ryan and Barrett 2016). It helps to maintain long-lasting relationships
among different business partners.
Thomas Cook is world renowned travel operator in the whole world. It is world's second biggest
travel company which provides several kinds and wide range of services such as restaurants
services, accommodation, airline booking and many more facilities. One turning came into the
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business of Thomas Cook where it generates only losses and bankrupted then it decided to
merged with another company and open new high street businesses in order to achieve busine
goals and objectives.
Thanks & regards
Assistant travel agent
4.2 Discuss the likely consequences of business
In case the business unable to respond the changes in the market in an appropriate
manner threat can lead the businesses to goes down (Sadd 2016). Due to such type of
consequences the business of thew company can largely affected in terms of several things such
as revenue of the company and its profitability. The company is well known for its luxurious
travel services provided to its customers in order to achieve customer satisfaction. When the
company is in-efficient to respond to the different market changes than the perceptions of people
about this company may change and that can harm the brand image of the company and firm
may loose its strong image in the market. The business is largely relies on the world of mouth
publicity and verbal marketing. The negative reputation of the company will result in poor
strategic positioning in the external business market. It also increases the overall number of
competition in the market for in-efficient business. When business is not able to meet its current
obligations of the external environment which includes tastes and preferences of customers,
Expectations and requirements of business clients, expectations and different needs of
shareholders. The unwanted business situation will minimize the several things such as current
demands, supply of the relevant products or services offered by the employer to its consumers. It
also brings appropriate changes in the prices as per the economic scenario and economical
factors that may affect the business functioning which poses serious threat for the company. The
travel and tourism sector is one of the most successful hospitality industries in UK. This industry
provides clean beaches, coastal areas and archaeological sites which in turn promoting the
sustainability in tourism sector. The strategic move of the company to protect the environmental
resources in order to grab the attention of large number of customers. According to the report of
department of tourism & commerce Marketing has analyzed that there are large demands of the
hospitality services in the whole nation (Waterton 2016). The hospitality industry is known
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for its various variety of products or services which in return increases the brand image of the
company.
CONCLUSION
From the above study it can be concluded that the main motive of this report is to
represent the development of travel and tourism sector of the hospitality industry. This also
reflects the positive as well as negative implications of various issues and trends on the business
of various hospitality organization. The positive and negative implications depends on the nature
of the company whether it can be strong or weak position of the company in the existing market.
The firm may use different tools and techniques just like SWOT, PESTLE and Porter's five
forces.
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