Contemporary Issues In Travel And Tourism

Contemporary Issues In Travel And Tourism INTRODUCTION 1 TASK 11 P1.1 Identifying And Analysing The Current Issues That Are Driving Change In The Tourism Industry1 P1.2 The two issues in respect of tourism faced by Brazil are as follows 3 TASK 23 P2.1 Evaluation Of Emerging Trends Influencing The Travel And Tourism 3 P2.2 Analysis Of Emerging Trends Affecting Brazil 5 TASK 36 P3.1 Analysing Selected Travel And Tourism Organisation ResponseTo Emerging Trends 6 P3.2 Tourism Products Offered 6

Contemporary Issues In Travel
And Tourism

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1.1 Identifying And Analysing The Current Issues That Are Driving Change In The Tourism
Industry.......................................................................................................................................1
P1.2 The two issues in respect of tourism faced by Brazil are as follows..................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2.1 Evaluation Of Emerging Trends Influencing The Travel And Tourism.............................3
P2.2 Analysis Of Emerging Trends Affecting Brazil.................................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P3.1 Analysing Selected Travel And Tourism Organisation Response To Emerging Trends . .6
P3.2 Tourism Products Offered...................................................................................................6
P3.3 Critical Examination Of The Response Taken By Thomas Cook......................................7
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P4.1 Examining Of The Responses And Analysing Its Impact On Travel Industry...................8
P4.2 Consequences Of Firms Fail To Respond Changing Needs...............................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Travel and Tourism is all about fun and entertainment. It's basically for those people who
are passionate for travelling all around the world (Novelli, 2015). The report focuses on
contemporary issues that are involved in the travel and tourism. The assignment emphasises on
the problems that are related with the tourism industry. The project is focusing on the tour
destination Brazil (Sönmez, 2013). Present study will discuss on travel and tourism trends going
in Brazil. Tourist destination like Brazil has various famous and popular places to visit that
includes Rio de Janeiro, Salvador capital of Bahamian state. Also, study will lay keen emphasis
on tour company Thomas Cook. It is a British tourism regarding service In UK. It provides
domestic and international tour package all around the world. The project includes influence of
emerging trends in tour and travel.
TASK 1
P1.1 Identifying And Analysing The Current Issues That Are Driving Change In The Tourism
Industry
In today's scenario, maximum population is focused and dependent on the leisure and
comfortability in the tourism industry. Tourism industry involves not only the leisure travellers
but, also business travellers; and many other type of people who are not interested in travelling in
leisure and comfort zone but, these are such people who often act and spend in the same way just
like the leisure travellers (Pearce and Butler, 2016). Although, the professionals in the travel and
tourism industry are very much aware of the fact that, this industry is completely exposed to the
health, political and the economic undulations or the fluctuations that affect the industry in a very
negative manner. Now, below is the list of all those challenges that have a very adverse effect
this industry.
 Taxes:- Tourism is a very highly taxable industry. There are a very few people outside
the industry who actually know that, the people are passionate about the travel and
tourism have to pay a very high amount of taxes. The transportation cost included in the
travelling sector is very high and because of levying of taxes the cost of travelling and
tourism increases goes beyond the expected budget. In most of the locales the cost of
commodity is very high by the score of imposing taxes that are in the range of 40% the
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commodities that are purchased by the buyer (Buhalis and Laws, 2011). Due to this issue
only the amount of tourists is rapidly decreasing.
 Global Standardisation:- It refers to the market place that includes the same products that
are available throughout the world. For most of the people the part of travelling and
tourism includes only learning by exploring more and more about the unique and
different things of that place or the destination (Connell, 2013). Then, in such cases,
factor of unvariedness is a major challenge for the tourism sector. The number of tourists
has increased because of this.
 Cost Of Fuel:- Travelling and tourism is highly dependent and affected by the cost of fuel
that is incurred at time of travelling to a particular destination all around the world. A
recent rise in the price of petrol/diesel has a major impact on the entire industry. In
winters, most of the tourists have a plan for visiting Brazil, with their family or with the
friends circle (Pearce and Butler, 2016). Along with this, the climate of Brazil is very
good and is in favour of Tourism Industry. The people who are passionate about
travelling make their plans to visit Brazil in Winters, and that too, in the nearly, at time of
celebration of the New Year and the Christmas in the winters. Here, the main thing is, the
travel industry offer attractive package to their clients but, the clients have to face
challenge regarding the cost of fuel. Its impact on the tourism sector is very nominal.
 Wireless Communication:- Today's world is all about getting friendly with the use of
technology and adopting the latest changes that are taking place in IT sector. The people
who are willing to at any such place where there is a communication problem or
problems related with the networks then, they should try to carry with them such wireless
devices that are helpful for them to communicate with their family persons; or with their
friends (Cooper and Hall, 2017). Such type of devices are connected to satellites in the
space and prove to be very helpful as a means of communicating with anyone who can
provide help to them in critical situations. It is such a device that acts as a means of
leisure travel. Reason being, with the help of such devices, one can be easily be in touch
with its business and can have a complete information on the basis of what's happening
all around the world.
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 Security:- It is one of the major concerns for those people who are going to enjoy their
leisure travel and comfort at their desired destination. Such type of case has taken place
in the year 2001 when the tourism industry has received a wake up call in the respect of
security issues faced buy the tourists those have gone to enjoy their tour. There are a
number of tourism offices and bureau in the other nations that are having almost no
contact with the local police of that country or the state (Moutinho, 2011).
These are the factors that affect and are driving change in the tourism sector in Brazil.
P1.2 The two issues in respect of tourism faced by Brazil are as follows
 Beware Of Safety Issue:- There's no doubt that Brazil is becoming a criminal hub slowly
and gradually. The reason is, the criminal laws and safety laws in respect of tourists that
are visiting such a place for the purpose of their enjoyment, are simply neutral. In respect
of Health, safety and well being, Brazil has scored, 61 Out of 64. So, the safety and
security laws should;d be improvised and made strict in respect of all those tourists that
are making their plan to have a visit over there (Connell, 2013).
 Breathing Is Like A Luxury:- There is a lot of pollution in Brazil due to which not only
the tourists but also the locales have to face lot of problem.
These are such factors due to which Brazil is facing serious problems.
D.1. Conclusion
The above report is focusing on the issues that are existing in the current trend in Brazil.
The assignment is completely emphasising on the analysis and identification of the issues that
are existing in the tourism sector. The project further lays focus on the analysis of two issues by
using relevant methods and resources.
TASK 2
P2.1 Evaluation Of Emerging Trends Influencing The Travel And Tourism
The emerging trends in the travel and tourism are as follows:-
 Continued Growth:- It is such a factor, that affects the travel and tourism industry in a
positive manner. When everything is in a favourable situation, then the tourism sector, is
in good position. The tourists prefer to travel and buy package from the travel agency that
offers them best package and caters their needs at the best (Spenceley, 2012). For
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Thomas Cook, it's a golden time, reason being its getting the opportunity to offer the best
tourism packages and provide best services to the tourists for maintaining this trend.
 Adventure Tourism:- Most of the tourists prefer to have adventurous tours. The motive
behind this is to enjoy the adventure games and beauty of nature that are being offered or
provided by the travel agency to the travellers. It is such an activity of tourism that
provides:- physical activity; cultural exchange; or the activities in nature. Now, the travel
agencies offer the travellers that are visiting Brazil all such facilities. Due to this trend the
organisation named Thomas Cook started promoting the adventure tours for the tourists.
 Enhancing awareness: Travel and tourism sector is also engaged in increasing awareness
about keeping the environment clean and providing sustainability to the region where the
travellers are been travelling (Smith, 2015). This trend has shown the rise in income of
tourism sector. It also helps them in conserving the ecological condition of the region.
For example for increasing sustainability the travel and tourism sector in Brazil has put a
restriction on cars and visitors, so that cleanliness can be maintained.
 Technological advancement:- Brazil tourism sector has been engaged in using advancing
technologies to attract and retain their travellers. They have make an appropriate use of
digitalisation. To retain customers various techniques like doing booking for a destination
through online booking app has increased their consumer base (Pearce and Butler, 2016).
Also, making consumers aware through social media websites like Facebook, Instagram
and Twitter has supported travel and tourism sector of Brazil to explore wider range of
consumers.
 Longevity And Wellness Tourism:- In travelling, Thomas Cook should focus on the
emerging trends in wellness sector. And also on the health of its customers who are
travelling with it. The tour companies should have the motive of treating its passengers
and also the employees in the best manner they should treat their employees as if they
are, like a family. Those customers, that are loyal with that particular tour industry and
are taking the tour packages from it from a long time then, some special treatment and
offers should be given to them (Pearce and Butler, 2016).
 Climate Change And Its Impact:- Climate change also affect the tourism industry,
because if the climate will not be suitable for the travelling purpose, then the travel
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industry would not be able to entertain its customers in the best way. The travel industry
provides all time services to its customers. Irrespective of the whether conditions.
P2.2 Analysis Of Emerging Trends Affecting Brazil
Brazil has a somewhat complex relationship with that of environmental. The natural
attractions over here are: mountains; beaches and jungles. Brazil is now becoming an
increasingly popular destination, especially because of its natural splendour. Emerging trends
affect Brazil in the following manner:-
 Adventure Tourism:- Brazil is a heaven for the who are wiling to do the adventures
tourism. Those who are passionate for doing cannoning; caving; windsurfing; sailing;
climbing; and abseiling (Pearce and Butler, 2016). Then, in Brazil Rio De Janerio is a
place where one can get all these facilities and can get a platform to enjoy and live his life
to the fullest. So, by making available these facilities for the tourists the tourism actually
boosts and it also helps in growth of economy.
 Climate Change:- It's a growing concern that the agriculture and the forestry sectors are
increasingly vulnerable to the climate change. Climate change also affects tourism sector
in many ways. Like:- Air Pollution; Waste Disposal; Deforestation etc. Currently, the air
pollution in Brazil has increased a lot due to which the entry of tourists in Brazil is
getting affected and also it is adversely affecting the tourism sector along with the growth
of economy (Moutinho, 2011).
M.3. Graphical Presentation Of Trends
Travel and tourism sector is also engaged in increasing awareness about keeping the
environment clean and providing sustainability to the region where the travellers are been
travelling (Smith, 2015). This trend has shown the rise in income of tourism sector.
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Illustration 1: Increase in income through travel and tourism sector
Source: (Emerging trends in travel and Tourism, 2017)
TASK 3
P3.1 Analysing Selected Travel And Tourism Organisation Response To Emerging Trends
In this case, the selected organisation is Thomas Cook. It's a completely travel company.
Having Its operations in Brazil as well. Emerging trends affect this travel organisation in
following ways. Here, in Brazil, Thoams Cook, is a company, that is having such problems in
travel indutry. Subsequently, increase or decrease in package makes the situation in which the
package given by the travel companies varies according to the climactic conditions or the
longevity of trip or it also takes place because of the variation in the budget of the consumer
(Pearce and Butler, 2016).
Moreover, its been understandable that the currency value has affected the tourism sector
and companies like Thomas Cook etc. that face adverse situations. There is also fluctuations in
devaluation and in this way, tourism is a big threat for such travel companies and it affects their
business. There is a noticeable decrease in the number of foreign tourists which is affected due to
the emerging trends in the organisation. Along With this, the emerging trends in the travel and
tourism industry affected the travel organisation because there is a hike in the no. of tourists and
Brazil is such a destination which is famous for the tourism (Novelli, 2015).
P3.2 Tourism Products Offered
The products offered by the travel companies are of the following types:-
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 Tourism Oriented Products:- These are the products and services that are created by the
tour companies by keeping in mind the passionate tourists and also the locals. Some of
them are as follows:-
1. Accommodation
2. Transportation
3. Retail Travel Agents
4. Tour Operators
5. Tourism Information Centres
6. Shopping Centres
 Reservations:- The tour operator is responsible for making of reservations for any special
events or activities in which the tourist is interested. At some places the reservations are
required to be done in advance just to avoid any sort of mess. The events or the activities
such as music concert or theatre show with the motive of availing the seats with prior
reservations (Cooper and Hall, 2017).
 Guided Tours:- Tour operators can arrange guided tours. Its the duty of the tour managers
to provide a proper guide to the traveller who is taking services from the travel company.
The guide is arranged by the travel agents just to accompany the participants as a part of
tour.
 Dining Facilities:- The tour operator is responsible for booking such type of
accommodation for the travellers where they can get proper dining facilities. or teh
restaurants that are ready to entertain the groups. If the package is all inclusive the tour
operator has to pay for the breakfast; lunch; and dinner. If not them the tourists are
required to pay from their pocket (Sönmez, 2013).
In Brazil, the company, Thoams Cook is offering such type of products and services.
P3.3 Critical Examination Of The Response Taken By Thomas Cook
The organisation should try to cope up with the challenges or the effects that it's facing
just because of the emerging trends in the Tourism Industry.Thomas Cook should do focus on
the research work with the motive of coping up with the emerging trends that are evolving in the
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industry. Here, Development of Unique Strategies Can be used by Thomas Cook who should
focus on applying strategies' and plans in order to compete with the challenges and emerging
trends like currency devaluation and change in the budget of package of customers. Also, there
ias a need of training and orientation programmes for its employees to focus on train using new
techniques in the operation. As Thomas Cook is a Service Industry, so it should adopt some
innovation technique in order to cater the needs and demands of the customers in the best way.
TASK 4
P4.1 Examining Of The Responses And Analysing Its Impact On Travel Industry
The strategies and framework developed by Thomas Cook were very effective in fighting
with the new challenges and setting up of new benchmarks. The organisation by following such
strategies remain successful in the travel world.
Organisation should focused on making new strategy, that proved to be helpful for the
company in achieving its desired goals. The organisation by framing new strategies was able to
set a new benchmark in the business world. By training its employees in respect of adoption of
new technologies and so that the employees and the customers can get familiar with the new
technologies and the organisation can achieve its new height of success. By adopting innovation
in the work process and making the employees skilled. It adds value in the skills set of
employees (Pearce and Butler, 2016). Thomas Cook is such an organisation which has achieved
a great success in the travel industry and is also moving towards establishment of new goals and
benchmarks of success. The organisation can also do research in field of emerging trends that are
taking place in the travel and tourism industry.
P4.2 Consequences Of Firms Fail To Respond Changing Needs
The consequences of firms that fail to respond to changing needs of market in Brazil are
as follows:-
 If Thomas Cook will not respond to the changing needs of business environment then, it
will hamper its profitability and the resultant outcome will be decrease in operational
efficiency of organisation.
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 It might lose its consumers base which is very effectively related to its business (Novelli,
2015).
 So, Thomas Cook must make changes according to the needs and demands of its
customers with the emotive of gaining a competitive advantage in the business world.
 Due to this the image of company in the market will be improved. It will present a unique
image before its customers. They can improvise their website by updating about the
latest news and offers, discounts etc. to attract their potential customers
 If the organisation will not adhere to the changes and the alterations in severe
consequences than, it will be a compulsion for the managers to close their firm.
 The organisation may occur a huge loss because of this. And just to avoid such type of
losses the industry should be involve in making of necessary changes.
 This will help Thomas Cook to achieve the desired height of success by adopting the
new technology with the motive of attracting new customers.
CONCLUSION
From, the above study it has been summarised that travel and tourism has faced severe
changes in this sector. The report further focus on how the emerging trends are having its impact
on the tourism destination - Brazil. It has also described the various skills which are necessary
for execution of the hospitality business. It has been also analysed from the report that the
performance of hospitality industry is significantly affected by the external as well as internal
factors of the business. Thus, it is also concluded that this external analysis is vital for assuring
the growth of hospitality business.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Novelli, M. ed., 2015. Niche tourism: contemporary issues, trends and cases. Routledge.
Sönmez, S. F., 2013. Tourism, terrorism, and political instability. Annals of Tourism
Research.25(2). pp.416-456.
Pearce, D. G. and Butler, R. eds., 2016. Contemporary issues in tourism development (Vol. 6).
Psychology Press.
Buhalis, D. and Laws, E. eds., 2011. Tourism distribution channels: Practices, issues and
transformations. Cengage Learning EMEA.
Moutinho, L. ed., 2011. Strategic management in tourism. Cabi.
Connell, J., 2013. Contemporary medical tourism: Conceptualisation, culture and
commodification. Tourism Management.34. pp.1-13.
Cooper, C. and Hall, C. M., 2017. Contemporary tourism. Routledge.
Spenceley, A., 2012. Responsible tourism: Critical issues for conservation and development.
Routledge.
Smith, M. K., 2015. Issues in cultural tourism studies. Routledge.
Online
Emerging trends in travel and tourism. 2017. [Online]. Available through
<https://www.smartsheet.com/request-for-proposal>.
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