Contemporary Issues in Travel & Tourism

This report highlights the contemporary issues in the travel and tourism sector, including barriers driving reforms and the assessment of issues using effective methods and tools. It also explores the influence of current trends on the reformation of the tourism sector and the strategies used by Cox and Kings to respond to change. The report discusses the impact of barriers and recent trends on Cox and Kings, a leading travel organization.

Contemporary issues
in Travel & Tourism

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Barriers which are driving reforms in travel and tourism sector..........................................1
1.2 Assessment of several issues with the use of effective methods and tools...........................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Influence of current trends on reformation of tourism sector...............................................4
2.2 Covered in Poster..................................................................................................................5
TAKS 3............................................................................................................................................5
3.1 Method of responding towards change in travelling sector..................................................5
3.2 Strategies using by cox and kings to respond towards change.............................................6
3.3 Justification of schemes........................................................................................................7
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Impact of issues and trends which drive modification in tourism sector..............................8
4.2 Consequences of failure........................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Travelling is a term which means movement of an individual in distant geographical
locations with different objectives for example business dealings, summer or winter vacations,
destination wedding, roam around the world, family picnic etc. Tourism sector increases day by
day due to maximization in demand which enforce number of firms to expand their business
across the globe (Becker, 2016). This report is mainly classified into four equal parts for
highlighting the contemporary issues which emerges in travel and tourism sector. Cox and kings
is a one of the largest travelling organization which was set up in approximately 1758 by having
its subsidiaries in number of countries as well as spread across almost 22 nations and 4
continents. Furthermore, assignment is going to throw light on various market changes which
emerges at international boundaries due to introduction of different ideas. Apart from this, report
is also highlighted different strategies which will be adopted by company to respond towards
reformation in tourism sector. Along with this, referred firm needs to identify appropriate
solutions and take effective steps for dealing with alterations. Lastly, this assignment also
explains the impact of barriers and recent trends which emerges across the globe on cox and
kings company.
TASK 1
1.1 Barriers which are driving reforms in travel and tourism sector
Tourism sector is one of the top most growing and developing company in corporate
world due to its increasing demand at international level. There are number of tourist which are
travelling from one place to another for attaining their personal goals like to get refreshed from
their busy life or numerous of reasons. Therefore, for generating maximum revenue several
number of companies are emerging at international level so that they can serve maximum
customers (Cohen and Cohen, 2015). Cox and kings is also one of a famous organization by
having its branches in several nations and trying to establish their goodwill at international
marketplace by satisfying domestic as well as foreign clients. Thus, manager of referred
company need to pay full attention on their strategies so that they get aware about changes which
might be occurred due to reformation in taste of customers. Hence, after assessment process they
come to know about numerous of problems which are continuously taking place due to regular
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growth or development in tourism sector. Therefore, various issues or obstacles which are
driving change is described as follows:- Technological advancement:- Due to emergence of advanced world there are number
of fresh or new techniques are appears which is very useful and beneficial for entire
association in different manner. For example reduces the time period or working
duration by completing all the task as soon as possible like internet, telecommunication
is another example which shows advancement of technology (Cohen,and et. al., 2014).
Therefore it is fundamental for cox and kings to adopt new tools as per situation as well
as change their policy according to requirement for company. Hence, there are number
of benefits of establishing modern technology such as fast booking, online services
which is very comfortable for tourist as they can book their tickets from anywhere in
the world. Apart from this one of major issue which is faced by referred company is
that they are taking instant decisions which affect their profit. Requirement of maximum security:- Safety and security is one of most important
component for every tourist because every passenger is concerned about their health
because “health is wealth”. Therefore it is essential for cited company to make changes
as per tourist requires by implementing various strategies. Along with this it is the duty
of a nation to protect their guests from any exploitation and threats which affects life of
a travellers. Emergence of new markets:- To grab new and advanced opportunities managers of a
company required to expand their business across international boundaries so that they
can generate maximum revenue. Initially they need to identify the demand of a
different customers so that they can accomplish it in a given time period but sometimes
it become more challenging due to lack of assets (Connell, 2013). Therefore an
organization needs appropriate resources for dealing with changes and to satisfied
different customers.
 Recent national and international legislation:- Number of laws or acts are introduces
by governing bodies to remove discrimination and wrongful thing which affects life of
individuals. Thus an organization need to focussed on rules and regulations which was
amended by legal bodies before making any decisions.
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Hence, to remove above described issues a firm needs to take immediate actions and
steps because it may hamper their success and development.
1.2 Assessment of several issues with the use of effective methods and tools
Problems are like invisible seeds which emerges anytime or anywhere without any alarm
or information and influence overall success or growth of a company. Thus it is essential for
each and every organization to identify their obstacles in an effective way because it affects their
revenue and entire association in various manner. Hence for above explained purposes,
supervisors of a enterprise needs to adopt different tools and techniques for overcoming all the
problems as soon as possible (Dickinson and et. al., 2014). Therefore, they need to utilize
appropriate methods by considering all the relevant facts and figures as well as factors which
plays a very eminent role in attaining objectives of a company. In fact every tourist wants to visit
or travel those places which acquire minimum fund with full satisfaction without facing any
problems. Along with this visitor also prefer protective or stress free destinations with full of
security because no one wants to lie in danger. It means manager of a company needs to take
effective steps or decisions to minimize all the issues or threats for capturing minds of maximum
customers. In fact they need to modify their recent plans or policies as per consumer
requirements and current trends which must be liked by clients.
Apart from all this there are few other issues which is facing by cox and kings and it
become major obstacles for their business operations (Hall and Page, 2014 ). These are stated as
beneath:-
 Improvement in technology due to introduction of modern tools and techniques.
 Introduction of new marketplace emerges close substitutes.
 Modification in economy of nation or world economy which is linked with demand,
rising prices etc.
Hence, managerial department trying to make effective strategies as per past
circumstances but above mentioned issues are also recently measured. As a outcome, it is
essential for company to modify their policies and schemes for making decisions in a systematic
way by considering all the necessary facts or figures (Hannam, Butler and Paris, 2014).
In the united kingdom it has been identified that cox and kings have very frisky
procedure of checking system at airport which may create dissatisfaction in the eye of tourist.
Therefore, they need to make it clear to their customers and explain their strategy. But before
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implementing any modification managers of an organization needs to collect appropriate data
and information which must be considered at the time of alternation with the help of different
methods. These are explained as follows:- Primary :- First hand and accurate information for example personal interviews.
 Secondary:- Messages which are acquired with the help of literature, newspapers, past
data or records are falls under this category.
With the guidance of primary data supervisors of cox and kings can easily analyse their
current problems and prepare questionnaire which covers different types of questions.
Furthermore it will be transferred to domestic and foreign clients so that they get aware about
opinion of customers towards company change.
Instead of all the above issues terrorism is one of drastic problem which affects life of a
customers and increases day by day due to collaboration between foreign companies. Therefore
governing bodies plays a very eminent role in protecting tourist from terrorist attacks by
implementing number of laws, norms, values, strict rules and regulations (Hartmann, 2014).
TASK 2
2.1 Influence of current trends on reformation of tourism sector
Recent trends or ideas are flexible in nature and it changes according to time passes as
changes is a continuous process. It is essential for company to analyse current trends as well as
identify alterations which were occurring because it affects overall business operations in various
manner. For example, in today's modern world there are number of people are present which are
interested in roaming new places for specific reasons or aim instead of fun (Kim and Ritchie,
2014). Therefore, number of recent trends are emerges in travel and tourism sector which are
highlighted below:- Adventure tourism:- Most of the customers are keen to do new and different things from
world because they want to experience something unique (Luh Sin, Oakes and
Mostafanezhad, 2015). Recently, number of students or youngsters are there which are
interested in travelling around the world just to try adventurous trip for example African
safari, swim with whale sharks in Australia etc. Thus , it is necessary for cox and kings
to organize and plan these kind of trip for their interested guest as most of the students
are eager to go for adventure trip.
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 Sports tourism:- Another major trend which appears is sports tourism as it attract
number of visitors with the aim to see national games or Olympics etc. like Paralympics
helps various tourism sector in generating maximum revenue in 2012 because several of
visitors are interested to see that games. Food tourism:- Most of the people wanted to experience different kinds of foods for
example Italian, French, Spanish etc. or to learn how to cook unique or impressive
courses of making dishes. Number of students or persons are moving from one place to
another for enhancing skills so company needs to design facilities for these tourist also. Mobile photography:- As per this trend there are few individuals which are interested in
taking pictures of adventurous places, sunset, sunrise, mountains, animals etc. Thus
managers of cox and kings need to make holiday packages for photographers and ensure
that they get all the facilities whatever they need in their vacations (Mariani and et. al.,
2014).
 Business and leisure travel:- Few people travel for expanding their business across the
globe to generate maximum revenue and try to serve domestic as well as foreign clients.
In fact number of individuals which are moving from one place to another for
enjoyment, vacations, family trip, picnic, quality time etc.
All these above trends are emerges at larger extent due to changes in customer taste or
preferences. Therefore managers of cox and kings have to pay full attention on arrangement all
the necessary facilities which are required to visitors during their trip.
2.2 Covered in Poster
TAKS 3
3.1 Method of responding towards change in travelling sector
If there is any modification in environment of an enterprise then it automatically
influence their business operations because all the factors are interlinked with each other. Thus
they need to respond accordingly like few organization don't want to re-wart on changes because
they think that reformation is not very advantageous but there are some organization who believe
in alterations is a beneficial
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Initially, number of firms which are indulging in a travel and tourism sector adopted
traditional techniques of running their business which is not appropriate for acquiring maximum
profit as well as imperfect technique for longer period of time. Basically traditional methods are
failed to attain long term goals because of their oldness or less impressive techniques in which
products or services are same as earlier and there is no change which resulted in failed to achieve
success.
Political A portion of the focuses are which are affecting on the tourism association, here
they are; Government directions
React towards impact:-
An association need to extend their business operations in viable way. In the
event that they needs to extend its organization in one nation then it is gainful
for them. Firm can expand their business in everywhere throughout the world
and they will endeavour to set up in various nation. Association requires to
inspect different states where they can extend their business. Each nation has
distinctive principles and controls as indicated by their outside and inside
condition. In the event that any adjustments in governments arrangements, it
specifically influences to organization strategies for success and operations.
Economical Varieties in the economy
Response towards affect:-
The major essential case of organization division is to decide managing rate and
their variety in country. Ahead of time, a firm requires to discover rate of
money and they can begin their endeavour in powerful way. The esteem is less
and it have to make remedial stride and furthermore produce most extreme
wage.
Social Changes in the necessities of society.
Reaction towards influence:-
This is vital for Airlines gathering to perceive inclinations and additionally taste
of their customers and furthermore they can give them additional
administrations as needs be. In this organization can enhance their income in a
right way. In the event that any alteration in the request then it can impact their
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business and they required to make powerful systems and approaches which
help in managing.
Technological The majority of the organizations are giving web based booking framework.
Respond towards impact:-
Organization need to embrace different instruments and systems which can help
with upgrading their development and achievement. They additionally
concentrate on changes which occur in various association. It will help in
enhancing works and assignment in legitimate way. This guide firm to provide
online exchange of cash starting with one individual then onto the next.
Environmenta
l
Contamination
Reaction on affect:-
This factor influence on creation making crude material which are don't go up
against the way toward creating items. Wastage of papers and crude material
straightforwardly influence on condition surroundings of the firm.
Legal Legitimate conventions
Response on affect:-
An organization will enlist a man who can tackle lawful issue which happens at
the season of manage another organizations.
The above examination depends on International Airlines Group who are offered result to
evolving condition. The principle reason for organization office required to make remedial
strides. In the event that any sort of adjustment are required and furthermore it can influences
their operational exercises in viable way. Likewise they have to look at PEST examination which
help in indicate positive effect on business.
3.2 Strategies using by company to respond towards change
There are two methodology which can be trailed by Cited firm which are as per the
following:
Information accumulation:- For assemble information or data which are identified with
expanding business development and achievement. This system is useful in gathering all
required data and statistical data points which are pertinent for creating development and
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improve notoriety in the market. This methodology is reasonable for International aviation routes
assemble in light of the fact that they requires to know the clients perspectives and inputs about
their administrations and offices which are given by them.
Group building:- It is another system which help with expanding benefit and efficiency
for doing cooperate for accomplishing wanted objectives and targets in successful way. Group
building help in giving development and propel workers to achieving the end purpose of business
development and get appropriate achievement. IAG utilized this procedure for successful
working and fabricate solid relationship among each other.
International airline groups is one of the successful association in UK by having
approximately 450 aircraft to provide their services in almost more than 250 destinations. As
compared with this there are two other organizations are present which are succeeded in
increasing their income named as Lberia and British airways. Therefore, it is mandatory for
airline group to modify their policies as well as schemes for maximizing their revenues and to
compete with their competitors in this running world.
British airways:- One of most famous aircraft which is popularize for its best and on time
services across the world by having maximum number of share at marketplace. Moreover, due to
change in market or customer choices they need to use modern technology for facilitating their
clients. As there is continuously maximization in demand firm needs to expand their business
across international boundaries (Standing, Tang-Taye and Boyer, 2014.).
Lberia:- It consider as a other part of a international airline group which requires
modification or reformation as per environment of business. Furthermore, they can also adopt
various impressive promotional strategies for increase their sales.
3.3 Justification of schemes
The above systems are reasonable for the IAG in light of the fact that they help in
expanding benefit and development in appropriate way. Support of these techniques are as under:
Collaboration:- This technique is proper on the grounds that it help with building solid
connection among representatives and additionally directors inside an association. A pioneer
create group for approx a few part and they all will achieve the end point where they get
achievement. So this technique is useful in empowering colleagues for finishing organization
points and focuses in better way.
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Remedy information assembling:- This is extremely successful system since it will help
in knowing all clients need and request which they need in future day and age. A firm give every
single fundamental strategy and strategies which are required amid gathering of right information
or data with respect to customers audits and needs. They effectively investigate the potential
clients who are intrigued to head out starting with one place then onto the next.
There are millions of strategies or schemes which are utilised by International airline
groups which helps them in difficult situations that was facing by company. As if an organization
will adopt effective or appropriate methods then they can easily attract the minds of different
customers by accomplishing all the task and activities in a proper manner.
TASK 4
4.1 Impact of issues and trends which drive modification in tourism sector
There are various issues having direct and indirect impact on Myla which is in tourism
industry. It is popular for its quality and convenience services. Myla travel is one of the famous
travel agency in UK which was also established in UK with 10 offices. Change is necessity for
every business specially for tourism industry as the surroundings are dynamic and management
has to be responsive and active. Different areas where changes can be made are: Change in structure: Framework is the base of every company, framework is related
to structure of the business, and structure is the backbone of every businesses. So if
there's any change in structure, a whole foundation of the business can also change and
it has direct impact on the businesses. Some of the various structural changes are:
◦ Merger: When two companies join together and made a third company which is
totally different from these two companies is known as merger.
◦ Acquisition: The another type of structural change is acquisition, in this type one
company acquires or purchases another small company or say one company after
overtaking acquires it. So in acquisition, structure of the company also changes as
new company with new employees and with new culture is joined with parent
company. In this case problem arises when new employees feel their value less in
compare with existing employees.
◦ Liquidations: In this situation, a company liquidates its assets into cash, to pay its
long term debts to their suppliers. Sometimes it also liquidates those assets which
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are not used for long time. Usually liquidation is done to avoid bankruptcy
situations (Ralph, 2016).
 On Employment level: In this type changes is done on employees position like by
transferring him to different branch at different location or by promoting him for higher
position. Sometimes changes can impact Myla in better performance and sometimes it
can impact by declining in its sale, loss of time and costs, etc. Like for example if one
of the talented employee who is managing operations of UK branch is transferred to
London branch where there's no requirement, then it will impact the Myla by dis
functioning of its sales as there is no alternative available of that employee.
Technology: Change in this factor has large and long effects on Myla travel business. As
technology includes cost, acquisition, contracts, skilled labours, etc. So it should be decided in
advance about which technology has to use at which time to avoid unnecessary costs to the
business.
4.2 Consequences of failure
If there is any modifications in environment, it has a similar impact at international level
to the business. Now a days most of the organisations are becoming eco friendly by taking
participation in protecting environment by planting trees and using eco friendly machines. As
they wants to maintain their business and social ethics, to build their reputation in the eyes of
society, and also by doing this practises they get a tax rebate by government. In UK most of the
firms are using the technology of solar panel to produce electricity and they are also giving their
contribution in garbage recycling to make environment free from pollution. Consequences of
avoiding market changes:
 It has major impacts on sales and revenues of every businesses, as if Myla is unable to
respond to the changes than it will not be able to cop up with it and finally this will affect
its sales and profits as client will switch to those companies which are smart enough to
tackle the changes. Companies prices are dependent on the scenario of whether it can
deal with changes or not (Timothy, 2014).
 Second consequences is dependent on employers skills and decisions of completing the
work before deadline and pay back to the suppliers in the given time period. Suppliers
are the essential point of consideration because he is the only source through which
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company can makes the product and deliver on time. So employer should make good
relationships with them.
 Last consequences is related to brand image, as it takes years and decades to make or
build a brand for the product but it takes minutes to destroy the image and brand value.
So refreshing policies and research and development is necessary to find any loop hole
which can affect it in high loss.
It can be concluded that any organisations specially travel and tourism industries
sometimes ignores the market changes by not responding to these changes which results in bad
image of that company and sometimes start-up companies overtake old and existing companies.
This happens only in the absence of proper research and development work which is very
important to check the status of the company. Every company should regularly check its current
position by using and analysing various models like:SWOT analysis, Ansoff model, PESTEL
model, BCG Matrix, etc.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been summarised that travel and tourism sector is increasing
day by day due to maximization in demand due to which many more companies are emerges at
international market to serve domestic as well as foreign clients. Basically assignment is partially
depend upon cox and kings and later on report also consist of strategies of international airline
group for capturing minds of different customers. Apart from this, it also covers Myla travel
agency which is also considered as one of the leading association. Therefore, its all about
requirement of modification in tourism sector due to change in customer taste or preferences. At
the end it has been understood that alteration is very much essential to achieve objectives of a
company by satisfying customers needs and wants.
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REFERENCES
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Becker, E., 2016. Overbooked: the exploding business of travel and tourism. Simon and
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Cohen, S. A. and et. al., 2014. Understanding and governing sustainable tourism mobility:
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Connell, J., 2013. Contemporary medical tourism: Conceptualisation, culture and
commodification. Tourism Management. 34. pp.1-13.
Dickinson, J. E. and et. al., 2014. Tourism and the smartphone app: Capabilities, emerging
practice and scope in the travel domain. Current Issues in Tourism. 17(1). pp.84-101.
Hall, C. M. and Page, S. J., 2014. The geography of tourism and recreation: Environment, place
and space. Routledge.
Hannam, K., Butler, G. and Paris, C. M., 2014. Developments and key issues in tourism
mobilities. Annals of Tourism Research. 44. pp.171-185.
Hartmann, R., 2014. Dark tourism, thanatourism, and dissonance in heritage tourism
management: new directions in contemporary tourism research. Journal of Heritage
Tourism. 9(2). pp.166-182.
Kim, J. H. and Ritchie, J. B., 2014. Cross-cultural validation of a memorable tourism experience
scale (MTES). Journal of Travel Research. 53(3). pp.323-335.
Luh Sin, H., Oakes, T. and Mostafanezhad, M., 2015. Traveling for a cause: Critical
examinations of volunteer tourism and social justice. Tourist studies. 15(2). pp.119-131.
Mariani, M. M. and et. al., 2014. Managing change in tourism destinations: Key issues and
current trends. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2(4). pp.269-272.
McKercher, B., 2016. Towards a taxonomy of tourism products. Tourism Management. 54.
pp.196-208.
Baker, D. M. A., 2014. The effects of terrorism on the travel and tourism industry.
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage. 2(1). p.9.
Oviedo-García, M. Á., 2016. Tourism research quality: Reviewing and assessing
interdisciplinarity. Tourism Management. 52. pp.586-592.
Reisinger, Y., 2015. Transformational tourism: Host perspectives. CABI.
Standing, C., Tang-Taye, J. P. and Boyer, M., 2014. The impact of the Internet in travel and
tourism: A research review 2001–2010. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 31(1).
pp.82-113.
Timothy, D. J., 2014. Contemporary cultural heritage and tourism: Development issues and
emerging trends. Public Archaeology. 13(1-3). pp.30-47.
Online:
Ralph, G., 2016. Visit Britain reports increase in volume and value of inbound tourism in 2015.
[Online]. Available through:
<https://www.hospitality-interiors.net/news/articles/2016/01/457364505-visitbritain-
reports-increase-volume-and-value-inbound-tourism-2015>. [Accessed on 23rd October
2017].
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