Contemporary Management Issues in the 21st Century

This essay discusses the role and impacts of AI on business strategy and workforce management, and the importance of talent acquisition, learning and development, and change management in contemporary management issues. It covers various theories and models for examining the impacts of AI on human resource management and the operating activities of the organisation. The essay also highlights the importance of talent acquisition, learning and development, and change management within the organisation for improving overall business performance.

ESSAY

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
Role and Impacts of AI on overall business strategy and management of workforce................3
Importance of talent Acquisition, learning and development, and change management............5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Artificial intelligence refers to human intelligence works by machines and advanced
computer system. The artificial intelligence is more faster than human brains as it allows systems
to perform and thinks like humans. It is the smart technology that help in making work and tasks
more easier as it design according to the different works. Contemporary management issues
refers to the problems that include but are not bound to employment, safety, work culture,
employee engagement, job stress, employee turnover, etc. while managing the human resources
within an enterprise. The major challenges that are faced by organisations in today's world are
the employee expectations, career growth opportunities, succession planning, change
management, work life balance and communication activities. The changing role and impacts of
technology and use of artificial intelligence on the organisation as well as its management
activities can be witnessed The report will cover the discussion about uses of artificial
intelligence in different organisation along with its impacts on business strategy within an
organisation. In addition to this, importance of talent acquisition as well as changes management
in present global competition is elaborated in the report. The following report will be describing
very theories and models for examining the impacts and role of artificial intelligence on
management of human resource as well as the operating activities of the organisation. It will also
discuss the importance of talent acquisition learning and development and change management
within the organisation for improving the overall business to compete in the market.
MAIN BODY
Role and Impacts of AI on overall business strategy and management of workforce
Human Capital theory plays a very important role in the education, knowledge, growth
and development, skills and productivity of human resource can be evaluated and increased
within an organisation. Most of the businesses in today's world are facing the challenges and
issues related to the intensified growth of technology, changing skill requirements, training and
development, and increasing competition, etc. It is due to the specific requirements of skills,
abilities, knowledge and experience required by the organisation for carrying out different
functions or operations within the business. Due to the intensifying changes in technology and

continuous prerequisites like covid-19 pandemic, the organisations have to adopt the latest
technologies for staying competitive in the market. Artificial intelligence plays a very important
role in connecting people with each other (Engeström, 2018).
Human Resource Value Chain is another important framework which is majorly used
by the companies for the purpose to understand the impact on the human resource in the
companies. In context to Human Resource Department, it plays a very important role in creation
of the best practices . In reference to the Guest Model, it is among the most commonly used
models for examining the development activities of human resource within an organisation by
focusing on an individual instead of groups. There are many strategies for human resource
management that have held the companies to acquire their motives by improving employee
engagement to achieve the goals and objectives of the organisation on time. Due to covid-19
pandemic the organisations throughout the world have implemented work from home strategy
with the help of artificial intelligence supporting their work. Artificial intelligence has helped the
organisations to acquire talent, manage work flows, provide training and development, etc. The
condition of the pandemic has changed the ways in which the human resource actually operates
and it has affected the organisational processes by implementing work from home. In order to
handle the activities more effectively and efficiently the organisations have used artificial
intelligence and digital technology for managing their operations and human resources with work
from home activities (Glikson and Woolley, 2020).
There are many factors that affect the organisational development such as research and
development activities done by the organisation. Internal and external factors also influence the
development activities of an organisation related to various departments or operations. The
organisational development activities are affected by the changes in organisational culture,
employee engagement, changing technology, political situations, economic conditions, legal
factors, societal trends and ecological misbalances etc. that can be effectively managed by the
use of artificial intelligence. The organisational development theory, general system theory and
strategic contingency theory are also helpful for identifying the changes within an organisation
and accordingly implementing the steps to positively handle those changes. Artificial intelligence

and human efforts can provide better opportunities for minimizing complexities and reducing the
frustrations among people for solving complex problems with the help of analytical solutions
provided by artificial intelligence. It is easier to evaluate efficiency with the help of chat bots that
are entrenched with artificial intelligence which also helps to schedule meetings, generate
documents and improve AI practices (Lee and Shin, 2020).
Importance of talent Acquisition, learning and development, and change management
Talent acquisition is process of hiring, identifying and acquiring of human resource
according to the requirements of an organisation so that objectives are attained within the set
time period. It is responsible for developing the company branding and managing the candidate
cycle, from starting to final selection. One of the benefit if talent acquisition and development is
it help in improving the efficiency of the company as organisation's goal directly depend on
company operational as talent acquisition help in improving the efficiency of the company
(Mangisa, Schultz and van Hoek, 2018).
The company require huge investment for hiring and communicate with candidates as it help in
reduce the cost of recruiting. It help in developing the morale value among workforces as it
has lead improving the employee's retaining. It provide intellectual candidates to organisation so
that it help in reducing the competitive risk from global level. The talent acquisition help in
align the goal of organisation and candidates that help in improving operational work. The
company require lots of times in finding and identify the candidates so that it help selecting the
candidates in desire time( Amaro, Antunes and Henriques, 2018).
The learning and development is a organisation's process that responsible for
empowering and developing the workforces as such capability. Skills and knowledge The
learning and development provide skill and techniques that help for performing the job in easier
way. In growing market, The company must require to maintain the updated skill in their staffs
so that learning and developing help the company maintain the up-gradation in works. The
company face difficulty in maintain the retaining employees so that it help in enhance the morale
value of self developments, has it reduce the chance of resignation through learning and

development. The most of the company hire fresher employees that affect on the organisation's
efficiency as it help in enhancing the skill of untrained employees (Mitchell, 2019). The
organisation's growth directly depend on consumer's satisfaction as it help in dealing with day to
day consumer 's issue so that consumers do not wait for their service. The learning' and
development improve the motivations among employees so that they are focused on
organisation's goal. The company's brand reputation depend on employee's performance as
learning and development more focus on enhance the performance of employees (Sani and et.
al., 2019).
The global environment play an important in changing management, this force lead to
enhance morale and performance of the employees. The company have to pick out new
technology tool and systems in management that help to face internation competition, as
technology make work easy and increase performance of the organisation. After global
pandemic. The multi-nation companies have changed management strategies such as highly used
of artificial intelligence and digital tool that improve efficiency and productivity in business.
The internation firms develop different ways to perform the activity in better ways from their
competitor, as it increase the competitor advantages. The top level of manager try to forecast the
future advantage and find the better ways to do work. The global level of companies provide
training session and resource to their employees as it help in upgrade the knowledge and change
the management activities. In competitive market, The consumer's preference and desire change
day by day so that top level manager change the business activities according to the
requirements. The mangers focus on providing the product and service to their consumer in
innovative ways as they change the business policies (Timothy, 2018 ).
CONCLUSION
The above stated report conclude that the artificial intelligence is very crucial for
business development and growth as well. It has been concluded that the view point of
management should be changed in current competitive environment as top level management
always focus on innovation. The company should more focus on training and development
activities as it enhance the overall efficiency of the organisation. It has been concluded from the
above report that contemporary management issues in the 21st century have been evolving due to
the rapid transformation of technological advancements throughout the world. Moreover, various

models and theories have been used by human resource development to shave human resource
capital within an organisation with the help of artificial intelligence for managing workforce
effectively and efficiently. It has also explained about the importance of talent acquisition,
learning and development and change management with the help of artificial intelligence within
an organisation.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Engeström, Y., 2018. Expansive learning. Contemporary theories of learning: Learning
theorists... in their own words.
Glikson, E. and Woolley, A.W., 2020. Human trust in artificial intelligence: Review of empirical
research. Academy of Management Annals, 14(2), pp.627-660.
Lee, I. and Shin, Y.J., 2020. Machine learning for enterprises: Applications, algorithm selection,
and challenges. Business Horizons, 63(2), pp.157-170.
Mangisa, C.A., Schultz, C.M. and van Hoek, C.E., 2018, May. A Validated Framework for
Transformational Leadership, Talent Acquisition and Retention of Engineers at an
Energy Provider in South Africa. In ICMLG 2018 6th International Conference on
Management Leadership and Governance (p. 173). Academic Conferences and
publishing limited.
Mitchell, M., 2019. Artificial intelligence: A guide for thinking humans. Penguin UK.
Amaro, S., Antunes, A. and Henriques, C., 2018. A closer look at Santiago de Compostela's
pilgrims through the lens of motivations. Tourism Management, 64. pp.271-280.
Sani, A.S. And et. al., 2019. Cyber security framework for Internet of Things-based Energy
Internet. Future Generation Computer Systems, 93. pp.849-859.
Timothy, D.J., 2018. Making sense of heritage tourism: Research trends in a maturing field of
study. Tourism Management Perspectives, 25. pp.177-180.
Saurombe, M.D. and Barkhuizen, E.N., 2022. Talent management practices and work-related
outcomes for South African academic staff. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 32(1),
pp.1-6.
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