Contemporary Management Issues: Terrorism's Impact on Tourism Sector

This report delves into contemporary management issues, with a specific focus on the impact of terrorism on the travel and tourism industry. It examines the historical context of contemporary management, highlighting key areas such as total quality management, human resource management, and globalization. The report investigates the adverse effects of terrorism on the tourism sector, including reduced visitor numbers, economic losses, and the impact on destination image. It explores various strategies to mitigate these effects, such as enhancing security measures, utilizing time management strategies, and leveraging media for effective communication. The analysis considers the role of cultural differences and media influence on tourist decision-making, emphasizing the importance of safety and security for travelers. The report concludes by reiterating the significant impact of terrorism on the tourism industry and the need for proactive measures to ensure the sector's resilience. This analysis is essential for understanding the complex challenges facing modern management and the strategies required to address them effectively.

Contemporary
Management Issues
part 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Contemporary Management issues analyses the thinking ways that are required to address
issues as they emerge. As an outcome of past, and recent thinking and practices the
contemporary issues have arisen. In a same way as an outcome of current thinking and practices
future issues will emerge. By today's managers and business organizations the contemporary
managements is practised (Head and Alford, 2015.). For management of business organization it
is the top most aspect. From the ancient civilizations, concept of contemporary management has
been practised. Today contemporary management is practised in various characteristic fields
such as administration management, scientific managements etc.
The total quality managements, human resource management, e-commerce, globalization
are some basic issues of contemporary management. Besides these some more issues are
upcoming in contemporary management. Due to universal application managing change in the
society has become more essential. So, contemporary issues on management give effectivity on
work cycle of groups and people who work in various circumstances in competitive globe
environment (The Effects of Terrorism on the Travel and Tourism Industry, 2014).
For the development of management in human civilization the management expert has
made various theories and philosophy. In order to achieve organizational objectives, they
provided a proper way through application of various models. The theories of contemporary
management are developed and are applied to various problems that are arising in workplace so
as to achieve the goals of organization (Voltes-Dorta, Jiménez and Suárez-Alemán, 2016). By
course of time management system, philosophy and theories are changing. The new issues that
are faced by the management is that all current philosophy and model are not applicable in the
fields of management in workplace equally. Due to this ,the small and large companies are
facing issues. The great impact on hotel industry,airlines,restaurant,holiday destination etc have
been caused due to terror attacks that is arising across world.
Holidaying sectors
All services to make the travel of customers lavishing is provided by this sector. For the
economic development, the holidaying sector is one of largest, dynamic and attractive tool
particularly in developed countries (Yap and Saha, 2013). As people experiences new places,
new things and new environment due to holiday destinations. They get a chance to attract with
people of different cultures and have a good time with their family and friends. The economic
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loss is faced by this factor due to terror attacks . The number of terror attacks have reduced
number of visitors that are visiting the destinations.
The impact of tourism due to terrorism
The destination image is affected by the crimes and acts of terrorism committed against
travel and tourism industry. The impact of terrorism on the travels and tourism is enormous.
Unemployment, deflation, and many other social and economic ills can be created due to
terrorism. This report will examine issues of terrorism's on travel and tourism industry .The
various strategies and decisions will be made in order reduce its impact on this sector (Head and
Alford, 2015.).
In many ways tourism helps the human population to create revenue, jobs, supporting
culture and entertainment. In era of millennium, the safety and security issues become one of
forces that have valued a change in the industry of tourism. The crime rates, food safety, health
issue sand terrorism is the main concern of this industry. The millions of terrorist attacks is
taking place in country due to which tourism industry is facing loss. The aim of terrorist is to
produce fear among individuals that will change their behaviour. In the modern era, the
correlation between tourism and terrorism is undeniable (Rose and Chan, 2016.). As the this
industry is powerful enough. A large amount of social and economic disruption is caused by
these attacks. The global employment is provided by the tourism. In the last years the industry of
travel and tourism may have grown. In developing world tourism for many countries, it is most
crucial form of income. The country economy will be affected due to the actions of terrorist
activity. The negative impact can be caused due to decline in tourism as it may produce
unemployment, homelessness, crime and other implication that are caused due to terrorism. The
financial losses will be suffered by as people will get unemployed temporally and the taxi
owners and airlines and tour operators all will suffer to earn a livelihood. A safer and security is
main consideration of travellers. Due to these attacks, the price of airline fares have been
increased (Mukesh, 2014).
After the terrorist attack tourism of UK have suffered. The London Bridge attack in
which more than forty people were injured and seven were killed had an impact on tourist. The
performance of Hotel had a great impact due to this attack. After the Borugh Market attack the
booking of flight that are travelling to UK have been down by 10 %. The hotels, restaurant and
tourist attraction have an impact due to these attacks that is taking place in the country. There
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have been increase in price of insurance and re-insurance and private sector insurance are not
willing to cover terrorist attacks. The huge amount is spent on airport security that involve
technology and the enforcement of laws that will enhance the fares of passenger (Voltes-Dorta,
Jiménez and Suárez-Alemán, 2016). The car rental industry is affected due to decline in airline
travel since attack of terrorists. A number of issues have been issued by tourist activity due to
terrorist attacks. The political stability might be caused by the terrorist attack which may decline
the number of tourist that are visiting tourist destinations. Just after the attack the plan or holiday
plan is cancelled. A loss of 105 GBP is attributed by World Tourism Organization due to
terrorism. The worldwide travel gets affected due to terror attacks (Lee and Mackall, 2014.). The
drop-in arrivals of international visitors is experienced by many countries due to these terror
attacks. A recession was experienced by the global economy by which the demand for air travel
was reduced. The government have to increase funds in order to rebuilt the place that has been
destroyed by terror attacks. A huge amount of money is invested in order to redevelop the
building and other losses such as financial loss is faced as terrorism is increasing in various
countries such as UK. Due to recent attack that is London bridge attack a number of airlines
booking got cancelled due to which loss is suffered by them. Many restaurants are facing
downfall and they are not able to earn a proper living due to such problem taking place in this
industry (Head and Alford, 2015.) .
How to reduce the impact on tourism industry
Several strategies are made in order to make sure that industry of tourism should
strengthen across globe. The plans are also made in order to make sure that comfort, safety and
welfare is provided to tourists (Jonas and Mansfeld, 2017.) . Safety issues of customers must be
given high priority so as to attract more number customers and produce customer satisfaction. A
safe and secure atmosphere should be provided to the visitors. The safe destination can be opted
out by the holidaymakers. When deciding to go out for a holiday safe and secure destination
should be chosen by travellers. A change is needed in the tourism sector so as to ensure that
safe and secured destination can be given to tourists. The airlines department should focus more
on security to passengers as they will reduce impact of terror attack. The various efforts need to
be made by the tourist industries in order to upgrade its picture as a world class destination. The
alertness need to be made in order to deal with terrorism (Voltes-Dorta, Jiménez and Suárez-
Alemán, 2016).
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The time management strategy will be used in the airlines so that the rush is not more at
the airport (Hajibaba and Dolnicar, 2015). The latest technology and innovative ideas need to be
made so as to reduce loss that is face by tourism industry. In order to monitor the security where
there is a lot of crowd the advance technology need to ensure the safety of travellers. The safer
destination ned to be selected by the traveller where the chances of such attacks are less. They
need to choose the destination where there is less crowd and risk factor is low. The marketing
understanding regarding the perception of travellers’ safety and security need to be understood
by tourism industry (Head and Alford, 2015.). The effective decision need to be made by the
travellers while selecting destinations. They can make comparison of destination alternatives. On
travel decision making media can have a huge impact.
The substantial influence on the image of prospective tourist destination can be made
with help of media. Today people lives in the era where there are various tools of media such
as televisions, magazines, internet, newspaper etc. The awareness among the consumer
behaviour can be made with help of social media such as Facebook, twitter etc. From choosing to
travel to particular destinations continuous media coverage can guide and assist travellers.(Head
and Alford, 2015.). For normal development of a destination safety and security are the primary
conditions. Keeping in mind the security of travellers they need to design the packages. At
airlines, the security need to be more strict and less crowded areas should be their so that the risk
of the attack is low (Berrebi and Ostwald, 2016). The travel agencies need to be alert regarding
the preference and lifestyle of customers while making offers of packages. The restaurants
should tighten their security and high priority to the customers security should be given by
airlines . More damage to image of destination arise due to false reporting and speculation in
media. A negative impression to destination can be made if the traveller feels unsafe and
threaded to go to some destination
Tourist decision-making
If travel is less pleasing or due to risks involved tourist often selects other destination.
The choice of destination is made by tourists after considering budget, time and distance etc. The
risk factors such as terrorism have been identified by the tourist while choosing destinations
(Baker, 2014). The serious implications on the growth and evolvement of tourist industry will be
their if destination is perceived to be risky by tourist. The difference in culture can also assist
the travellers in making decisions regarding destination. As different people belonging to
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different cultures may have different belief, perception and values. Different image perception of
a destination is there for people who are form different cultural background (Voltes-Dorta,
Jiménez and Suárez-Alemán, 2016). The decision-making process and destination chide can
have impact due to difference in culture. In different countries is there is significant differences
in perception of travel risk and safety and travel intention among tourist. The cultural differences
and media both helps tourist to make decision regarding selection of destination (Bassil, 2014).
They will select the place that will have less risks as for them their safety is important they want
to enjoy their holidays and want best experience.
CONCLUSION
Contemporary issues help to address the issue that are taking place in the environment.
Due to terror attacks that are taking place in country various industries are facing issues. But
impact on tourism industry is undeniable as all the travel agents, hotels and airlines are facing the
problems (Head and Alford, 2015.). The adverse effect has been seen on economy due to effects
of terrorism in tourist areas. The effects of terrorist is undeniable in tourism industry. The
financial losses will be suffered by as people will get unemployed temporally and the taxi
owners and airlines and tour operators all will suffer to earn a livelihood. A safer and security is
main consideration of ravellers. In order to select the destination for holiday the culture
differences and social media such as twitter, Facebook etc assist the travellers. By providing
travellers with safe and secure atmosphere the issues that is taking place can be solved.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Baker, D.M.A., 2014. The effects of terrorism on the travel and tourism industry. International
Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage. 2(1). p.9.
Bassil, C., 2014. The effect of terrorism on tourism demand in the Middle East. Peace
Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy. 20(4). pp.669-684.
Berrebi, C. and Ostwald, J., 2016. Terrorism and the labor force: evidence of an effect on female
labor force participation and the labor gender gap. Journal of Conflict Resolution. 60(1).
pp.32-60.
Hajibaba, H. and Dolnicar, S., 2015. Crisis-resistant tourists. Annals of Tourism Research. 53.
pp.46-60.
Head, B.W. and Alford, J., 2015. Wicked problems: Implications for public policy and
management. Administration & Society. 47(6). pp.711-739.
Jonas, A. and Mansfeld, Y., 2017. Exploring the interplay between the use of risk-related
information, risk perception formation, and the stages of travel product
consumption. Current Issues in Tourism. 20(14). pp.1470-1488.
Lee, D.W. and Mackall, C.L., 2014. Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of
cytokine release syndrome. Blood. 124(2). pp.188-195.
Mukesh, R., 2014. TERRORISM TERRORIZES TOURISM.
Rose, A. and Chan, O., 2016. The role of behavioral responses in the total economic
consequences of terrorist attacks on US air travel targets. Risk analysis.
Voltes-Dorta, A., Jiménez, J.L. and Suárez-Alemán, A., 2016. The impact of ETA’s dissolution
on domestic tourism in Spain. Defence and peace economics. 27(6). pp.854-870.
Yap, G. and Saha, S., 2013. Do political instability, terrorism, and corruption have deterring
effects on tourism development even in the presence of UNESCO heritage? A cross-
country panel estimates. Tourism Analysis. 18(5). pp.587-599.
Online
The Effects of Terrorism on the Travel and Tourism
Industry. 2014. [Online] Available through: <http://arrow.dit.ie/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=1052&context=ijrtp/>. [Accessed on 13th October 2017].
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