Contemporary Management Issues - Sainsbury's Case Study

This report discusses the contemporary management issues faced by Sainsbury's, including organizational change, corporate social responsibility, and PESTLE analysis. The report also provides a case study of Sainsbury's acquisition of Argos and its digital development. Subject: Management, Course Code: MGT101, College/University: Not mentioned.

Contemporary
Management Issues

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Organizational change Different kinds of changes faced by Sainsbury's ..................................1
Kotter's 8-step change model ....................................................................................................2
Corporate social responsibility '..................................................................................................4
PESTLE analysis of Sainsbury's.................................................................................................5
Strategy and Strategic decision...................................................................................................7
Porter’s Five Forces of Sainsbury's.............................................................................................7
Critical review of response of Sainsbury's competitors to same change drivers .......................8
Ethical concerns faced by Sainsbury's .......................................................................................9
Effect of social change, demographic change and globalization on Sainsbury's .......................9
Stakeholder mapping................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................12
RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
The Contemporary management issues faced by business firms include issues related to
implementing change and facing industry competition effectively. It is important to quickly
resolve various management issues so that business firms can face obstacles in path of global
success.
Brief Overview of the Case Study: This report is based on the case study of UK based
retail company Sainsbury's the company was established in the year and ha stores in UK.
Sainsbury's acquired Argos in the year which helped the firm increase profits significantly. The
Half year underlying profits at Sainsbury's increased by a fifth to £302m after the takeover of
Argos (Argos takeover boosts Sainsbury's trading, 2018). One of the barriers which remain in
the UK grocery market is the high intensity of competition which affects current profits and
future success of the company. The rise of online grocery shopping and foreign e-commerce
giants such as Amazon entering the UK retail industry have also increased competition in the
sector.
The main aim of the report is to identify the drivers of change and discusses their current
impact on the strategic decision making and other business activities at Sainsbury's of Argos take
over by Sainsbury's. The strategic response of Sainsbury's to various change drivers is provided
in this report using various tools and recommendation on ways through which the company can
enhance their response to change drivers is provided in this report.
MAIN BODY
Organizational change Different kinds of changes faced by Sainsbury's
Organizational change is defined as the action taken by the company in which the firm
changes primary element of the company is revised in a significant manner in order to ensure
continuous growth of the company. This includes alteration in organizational culture,
introduction of new underlying technologies and changes in internal processes of the company.
Different kinds of changes faced by Sainsbury's are provided below:
 Developmental changes: This kind of change occurs when business firms identify an
area which an be improved and contributes to the development of the company. The
developmental change faced by Sainsbury's include the launch of more Argos stores and
collection points in Sainsbury's locations (Sainsbury's is making a permanent change in
1

every UK store that will affect thousands of people, 2021). The change driver for this
developmental change is business growth. The firm need to increase profitability from
acquisition of Argos to facilitate continuous development. This is controlled
developmental change for Sainsbury's as the company aims to continue gaining
profitability from takeover of Argos.
 Transformation changes: In this case, business firms have less control over the change
because this change is related to survival of the company. The transformational change
faced by Sainsbury's is related to building digital capabilities and focus on enhancing
online sales because of the pandemic. The change driver behind this is increasing
competition. The rise in online shopping and increasing competition in the digital
landscape by business firms such as Ocado and Amzon. The firm needed to implement
this change in order to increase digital sales and face fierce competition in UK retail
sector. This change helped the company survive the pandemic with 10.7% sales surge in
Argos (Sainsbury's reports rise in grocery sales and surge in online orders, 2020). It was
an essential transformational change as it helped the company face increase in online
shopping because of the pandemic and to face extreme competition in retail sector
because of digital retailers such as Ocado and Amazon.
 Transitional changes: When business firms decide to change their course of action in
accordance with changing external environment, it is referred to as transitional change. In
this kind of change business firms have total control over the change and develop a plan
for implementation of change over specific time period. Takeover of Argos by
Sainsbury's to improve financial health of the company was a transitional change as it
was controlled and implemented over designated time period. The change driver behind
this low profitability of the firm which was boosted after acquisition of Argos.
Kotter's 8-step change model
The two change drivers which will be discussed in this report are the change driver of
low financial health which resulted in the takeover of Argos by Sainsbury's and the competitor
led change driver of increased online shopping and intense competition which resulted in
improvement in digital capabilities of the company. The implementation of change at Sainsbury's
is depicted with the help of Kotter's 8 step change model below:
2

Create a Sense of emergency: In this stage business firms develop urgency in the
company in order to ensure that necessity of change is communicated to all employees (Odiaga
and et. al., 2021). Sainsbury's communicated the necessity of change to employees during the
pandemic by communicating the need to face increasing digital competition in order to survive
the pandemic. In addition to this the leadership also informed the consumers about the necessary
reasons behind takeover of Argos.
Building directional team: In this step of the Kotter's change management model,
qualified directional team is developed which oversees effective change implementation.
Sainsbury's created team of experienced employees to undertake the task of building digital
capabilities which lead to surge in online sales of Sainsbury's and Argos. Effective leadership
team was created to ensure smooth takeover of Argos and gain better financial results.
Developing vision and strategies: This step involves creation of clear vision and easy to
implement strategies for implementation of change (McPhail and Beatty, 2021). Sainsbury's
implemented both the changes of enhancing digital strength and acquiring Argos with well-
planed strategy and inspiring vision for the future.
Communication of the vision: The firm needs to communicate vision fort change to
every employees as part of this step of the change management model. In this step leadership at
Sainsbury's ensures that every employee working at Argos and Sainsbury's tore understand the
reason and vision of the future associated with digital technological development and Argos
acquisition. This helped the company lower employee resistance to different changes.
Eliminating Obstacles: It is important for firms to clear any obstacles in the path of
effective change implementation in order to gain successful results. The respective company
ensures that obstacles to digital development and improvement in online sales are cleared. In
addition to this leadership at Sainsbury's effectively handled employee resistance during takeover
of Argos by Sainsbury's.
Attainment of Short-term goals: this step is important as attainment of short-term goals
which leads to long-term objective attainment. Sainsbury's focused on quickly attaining various
short-term goals related to digital development so that path towards increasing online sales
during the pandemic is cleared. The firm also divided long-term goal of improving financial
condition of the firm through acquisition of Argos in various short-term goals to ensure swift
attainment of long-term goal.
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Sustaining Change: This step of the change management model focuses on sustaining
various changes so that they become part of organizational culture (Salman and Broten, 2017). In
case of Sainsbury's the company focused on sustaining organizational change by building on
various part of change such as making improving digital capabilities. The firm ensured that
takeover of Asrgos improves financial conditions of company by involving employees in change
implementation.
Institutionalization of change: This refers to the process of making the change
institutional and part of organizational culture (Kumar and et. al., 2018). The digital development
of the company and focus on increasing online sales was institutionalized by Sainsbury's by
taking regular employee feedback and providing training to employees to build digital
capabilities. The takeover of Argos was also institutionalized by maximising employee
involvement and communicating the benefits of this change to employees.
Corporate social responsibility '
The concept of corporate social responsibility covers various elements which help the
company make positive contribution to the society and environment. Corporate social
responsibility is an important part of modern corporates as it facilitates responsible development
by enabling the company to contribute to social development. The triple bottom line approach is
useful CSR approach which helps business firms implement CSR activities. As per the tipple
bottom line companies produce three bottom line reports which are profit, People and Planet.
The application of tipple bottom line approach in context of Sainsbury's and Argos is provided
below:
Profit: This element of triple bottom line approach focuses on delivering profitability.
The viewpoint of modern business firms associated with earning profitability is that business
firms can make difference in society without damaging profits (Ahmad and Wong, 2019). The
respective organization is committed towards maximising the profitability while also completing
social responsibilities. The change of taking of Argos and building digital capabilities helped the
company increase probability and survive the pandemic. This was completed while also
considering social impact. As the leadership ensured that employees remain safe during the
pandemic and ensured that employees gain financial benefits from takeover of Argos.
People: This is the next part of the triple bottom line which focuses on the social
responsibility of the company, the impact of the firm on society and its commitment to people.
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This element of the triple bottom line involves looking at the stakeholders which are impacted by
the activities of the company such as employees, consumers and the community they operate in.
The respective organization is committed towards completing their responsibility towards their
people. The firm trained employees for digital development which helps the firm increase online
sales. The training and support provided by the leadership to the employees during acquisition of
Argos also showcases the actions and determination of Sainabury's towards their employees.
Planet: The last element of the triple bottom line focuses on creating a positive impact on
the planet (Miemczyk and Luzzini, 2019). This helps business firm deal with climate change and
decrease negative impact on the ecosystem. Saianbury's has taken various initiatives to improve
positive impact on the environment and increase sustainability. This involves reducing food
wastage and plastic packaging.
PESTLE analysis of Sainsbury's
Political Factors: The main political factor which affects UK based retailer Sainsbury's
are the political relations between UK and Qatar. This is because the largest shareholder of
Sainsbury's after 2021 is the sovereign wealth fund of Qatar, The Qatar investment Authority.
Positive Impact: The current political situation in Qatar is stable as Saudi Arabia ans its allies
have restored democratic ties with Qatar after three years (Qatar crisis: Saudi Arabia and allies
restore diplomatic ties with emirate, 2021). This will have positive impact on global trade
between Qatar and other countries.
Negative Impact: There has been criticism of gulf investment in UK economy and business as it
introduces the question of undue influence of Gulf government such as Qatar on UK economy
(Gulf ownership of UK assets raise questions over undue influence, 2021). This has negative
impact on Sainsbury's as undue influence can be used by Qatar government to impact UK
economy.
Economical Factor: The pandemic has worsened economic condition of UK because of
government restrictions on business activities. This affects the progress of Sainsbury's as intense
competition along with low economic conditions affects profitability of the firm.
Positive Impact: The change implemented by Sainsbury's to build digital catabolites helped the
company face intense competition during the pandemic and survive the pandemic to facilitate
future growth.
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Negative Impact: The low economic condition of UK has created uncertain future for Sainsbury's
as recovery of UK and global economy from damage caused by the pandemic can not be
determined.
Social Factor: This element of PESTEL analysis looks at social trends affecting the
company (Gajbiye, 2018). The rising demand for organic food affects the sale of grocery
products by Siansbury's.
Positive Impact: As the respective firm responsibly sources its grocery products to provide
organic products to the consumer, this social actor positively impacts sale of the company.
Negative Impact: The rising focus on fitness and eating health organic products negatively
affects sale of various packaged food products which have high level of sugar and salt sold by
Sainsbury's.
Technological Factor: The increase in digital sales and rising competition created by e-
commerce retailers such as Amazon and Ocado affects Sainsbury's business.
Positive Impact: As the company has improved its digital capabilities and has focused on crating
digital first business, Sainsbury's has been able to face high competition during the pandemic.
Digital development at Sainsbury's will also contribute to future growth of business since online
shopping has been rising in UK which is positive impact of this technological factor.
Negative Impact: The negative impact of increasing online sales in UK is that the company it has
introduced intense competition in UK retail sector negatively affected Sainsbury's. UK based
retailers such as TESCO, e-commerce retailers such as Ocado and Amazon have increased
competition in UK retail sector.
Environmental Factors: The rising consumer concern about sustainability impacts
business in the retail industry (Shao and Ünal, 2019).
Positive Impact: The CSR initiatives taken By Sainsbury's help the company enhance
sustainability of the firm and attract environmentally conscious consumers.
Negative Impact: Increasing sustainability enhances cost of the company as sustainable
development requires more investment. This negatively affects Sainsbury's as it reduces profit
margins of the company.
Legal Factors: The legislation related to lawful acquisition of other firms and data
protection legislation affects the change of acquisition of Argos and building digital capabilities
of the company. This is because the firm has it ensure that all the activities at the firm after
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acquisition of Argos are completed lawfully and digital transformation of the firm does not
infringe on privacy of their employees or consumers.
Positive Impact: The respective company has completed various activities legally which has
positive impact of avoiding any lawsuits and legal action against the firm.
Negative Impact: Following various laws negatively affects Sainsbury's as decision making at
enterprise and change implementation is slowed down.
Strategy and Strategic decision
Strategy is defined as the long-term plan which is implemented by the company in order
to reach a specific future position visualized by the company. Building an effective strategy is
essential for the company as it helps the company create a future direction for the company and
ensures that employees do not lose sight of the company (Yuan and et. al., 2020). In case of
Sainsbury's the company has created an effective business strategy which ensures smooth
acquisition of Argos and helped the firm enhance digital sales to survive the pandemic. Strategic
decision refers to the decisions which help the company reach its desired future state. Strategic
decisions are based on the future vision and business objectives of the company. In case of
Sainsbury's the strategic decision taken by the firm to acquire Argos and build digital capabilities
helped the company increase profitability and face intense competition in the grocery industry
during the pandemic. This depicts the ability of the company to make effective strategic
decisions which facilitate attainment of aims and objectives.
Porter’s Five Forces of Sainsbury's Intensity of competition: The level of competition is included in this element of the
analysis (Aithal, 2017). Sainabury's faces high intensity of competition This is because e-
comerce retailers such as Ocado. Amazon and ASOS have increased competition in
digital retail landscape. On the other hand physical retailers TESCO, M&s and Asda are
increasing digital capabilities which will intensify competition on digital and physical
retail landscape. Bargaining Power of Suppliers: The level of influence of suppliers on price of products
is provided in this part. This element of the analysis is low in context of Sainsbury's. This
is because of presence of large number of supplies who supply similar quality of goods. Bargaining Power of consumers: The ability of consumers to influence prices is
included in this part. The bargaining power of consumers is high in relation to
7

Sainsbury's. The reason behind this is that consumers are price sensitive and have variety
of options to choose from in case of retail shopping. Threat of new entrants: The ability of new entrants to easily enter the market and take
away market share of existing firms is depicted with the help of this element of analysis
(Kreps, 2019). The threat of new entrants is low in case of Sainsbury's. This is because
entering the retail industry requires high investment. Along with this, established firms
have high brand value and loyal consumers which cannot be easily attracted by new
brands.
 Threat of substitute products: Substitute products are defined as different products
which are used by consumers for same purpose. The threat of substitute in case of
Sainsbury's is high. Consumers can complete the grocery shopping from convenience
stores and buy directly from farmers.
Critical review of response of Sainsbury's competitors to same change drivers
Review of response of Marks and Spencer to same change drivers
Marks and Spencer responded to increasing online sales and competition from
digital firms by partnering with online retailer Ocoda and selling their products on Ocado.com.
The merit of this response is that the company was able to increase digital reach while the
demerit of the company is partnering with Ocado and gaining 50:50 joint ownership of
Ocado.com reduces control of the firm on digital channel of the company. The response of M&S
to change driver of low profitability during the pandemic is to cut 7,000 jobs during the
pandemic (M&S suffers first loss in 94 years as clothing slumps, 2020). The merit of this
response is that it helped the company reduce cost while the demerit is that it negatively affected
employer brand image of the firm.
Review of response of Asda to same change drivers
Asda responded to increase in digital retail shop[ping and digital competition by
investing £600m in improving consumer experience and expanding digital operations from £1
billion to £3 billion. The merit of this response is that the company will be prepared for future
rise in digital shopping while the demerit of this response is that high investment also introduces
high risk in digital transformation change at the company. Asda sponsored to slumping profits
because of COVID-19 costs by hiring 22,000 temporary colleagues to cover absences and
manage increased demand, and providing 2.6 million home shopping deliveries free of charge to
8

shielding customers (Asda claims a rebound is underway after revealing big profits slump,
2021). The merit of this response is that helped retain consumers during COVID-19 while the
demerit is that temporary recruitment negativity affected smooth functioning of the company.
Ethical concerns faced by Sainsbury's
The main ethical concern related to the changes at Sainsbury's is related to ensuring
responsible development of the firm and maintaining ethical business practices. This involves
maintaining transparency with employees after takeover of Argos and during improvement of
digital skills. In addition to this creating a responsible global supply chain for both Agos and
Sainsbury's outlets is another ethical concern related with change of Acquisition of Argos.
Ensuring that digital privacy of the consumers and employees is maintained after implementing
the change of making the business digital first is another important ethical concern for
Sainsbury's.
Effect of social change, demographic change and globalization on Sainsbury's
 Social change: Sociolectal changes and changes in consumer lifestyle is included in this
type of change. Sainsbury's is affected by changing consumer shopping habits as many
consumers are preferring online shopping more than physical shopping. This affects the
respective company as competition from e-commerce company will increase. The digital
transformation at Sainsbury's will help the company face this social change.
 Demographic change: The change in population such as ageing population, increased
participation of women in the workforce and changes in expectancy rates are defined as
demographic changes (Witting and Schmude, 2019). The demographic change of ageing
population of UK affects Sainsbury's because more aged employees in the workforce and
labour market will face more difficulty in adopting to digital transformation. Effective
training initiatives and recruitment of young employees taken by Sainsbury's will help
the respective company face this demographer change and build talented workforce.
 Globalization: The growing interdependence of world economies, cultures and
populations refers to globalization. This affects Sainsbury's as it has invited global
competition in UK from digital retailers such as Amazon and eBay. The change of digital
transformation will make the company a digital first bushiness and face the intense
competition created by Globalization.
9

Stakeholder mapping
Stakeholder mapping refers to a four quadrant matrix which categorizes stakeholders on
the basis of their level of interest and level of influence (Guibert and Roloff, 2017) . The
stakeholder mapping of Sainsbury's in context of changes of acquisition of Argos and
development of digital capabilities is provided below:
Level of
Power
Level of Interest
High Low
High Shareholders Government
Low Employees Suppliers
 Shareholders: The shareholders of Sainsbury's have high power to influence various
changes taking place in the company and also have interest in the changes. The respective
company ensures the shareholders are fully engaged during acquisition of Argos and
improvement of digital capabilities to face increasing competition. The leadership ate the
company communicated every stage of change implementation with the leaders and
informed them of short-term wins related with various changes to maximise their
satisfaction. These actions are effective as shareholders exercise high power and are
highly interested in the changes. Government: The government has high power as it can influence implementation of
various business activities by enforcing laws and legislations but is not highly invested in
the changes because it does not concern the government (Raum, Rawlings-Sanaei and
Potter, 2021). Sainsbury's ensures that the government is satisfied by following all legal
requirement associated with completing a lawful acquisition of Argos. In addition to this,
the respective company kept the government satisfied by following employment laws
when building digital capabilities of the company to face intense competition from e-
commerce retailers in UK. Employees: The employees of Saiansbury's posses low power to influence changes but
are highly interest in changes as it affects the daily working environment of the company.
The respective company kept continuous communication to inform them about the
10

necessity and benefits of changes. This helped the company lower employee resistance ad
gain their support to ensure smooth implementation of changes.
 Suppliers: The suppliers of Sdainsbury's of not have high power to influence the changes
and are also not interested in various changes happening at the company. Sainsbury's
monitored the suppliers throughout implementing the change of acquiring Argos and
enhancing digital capabilities so that the supply chain is not affected negatively but did
not give them any excessive information as they are not high priority stakeholders. This
was a suitable action taken by the company as providing stakeholders with low interest
and low power does not yield any benefits. Stakeholders with low power and low interest
can also get bored from excessive information (Sapapthai and et. al., 2020).
11

CONCLUSION
From the above report it is determined that intense competition and low financial health
are some of the change drivers which impact business firms in the retail sector. Developmental,
transitional and transformational are three kinds of changes which occur at enterprises. Usage of
Kotter's 8 step model is helpful in implementing different types of changes successfully. The
triple bottom line approach helps business firms achieve CSR objectives while implementing
change. Strategy and strategic decisions are important in ensuring effective change
implementation. Demographic and social changes along with globalization affect enterprises.
PESTEL and Porter's five forces analysis helps business firms understand external forces
affecting the company and the current competitive landscape. Stakeholder mapping is an useful
tool which can be used by businesses to effectively respond to various stakeholders during
change implementation. It is important to determine ethical concerns and review response of
competitors to similar change drivers in order to ensure successful change implementation.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Recommendation Accountability for recommendation
To recruit technologically skilled
employees
HR department
To improve sustainability trough CSR
initiatives with high community
involvement
Top management
To ensure digital protection of company
data, employee privacy and consumer
privacy.
IT department
Action plan for recommendations
Objective Specific Measurable Attainable Relevant Timely
To recruit
technologically
skilled
employees
This is specific
objective as it
focuses on
increasing
technologically
skilled
employees.
It can be
measured by
determining
recruitment of
employees
with
technological
competency.
This goal can be
attained through
selective
recruitment and
adopting
creative
recruitment
approaches to
attract
candidates with
digital and
technological
skill.
This is relevant
objective as it will
help build a
digitally skilled
workforce and
make Sainsbury's
a digital first
business. This will
help the company
face intense
competition from
e-commerce
retailers.
6 months
To improve
sustainability
trough CSR
This objective
is specific in
nature as it
The
measurement
criteria for
This objective
can be attained
by building and
This is relevant
objective as it will
help the company
10
months
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initiatives with
high
community
involvement
centres around
improving
sustainability
of Sainsbury's.
this objective
is increase in
community
involvement
in
sustainability
CSR
initiative.
implementing
community
focused CSR
programmes.
build sustainable
brand image to
attract consumers
increase
profitability and
face intense
competition.
To ensure
digital
protection of
company data,
employee
privacy and
consumer
privacy.
This is
particular
objective as it
involves
enhancing
digital security
of the firm.
This objective
can
e ,measured
by
understanding
improvement
in cyber-
security .
This objective
can be attained
by building
cyber-security
competencies or
partnering with
cyber-security
firms to gain
digital
protection.
This is relevant
objective as it will
make the
consumers more
safe while
shopping digitally
at Sainsbury's
This will increase
sales and help the
firm face intense
competition. In
addition to this the
company will be
protected from
Cyber crime.
3 months
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