physical parameters Assignment PDF
Added on 2021-06-12
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ContentsSCOPE........................................................................................................................................................2INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3STEP 1: PHYSICAL PARAMETERS ESTIMATION...............................................................................5METHODLOGYSTEP 2: RAINFALL HYETOGRAPH CONSTRUCTION........................................................................9STEP 4: DESIRED DURATION UNIT HYETOGRAPH CONSTRUCTION.........................................18STEP 5: STORM HYETOGRAPH COMPUTATION..............................................................................24STEP 6: NETWORK DIAGRAM CONSTRUCTION..............................................................................28STEP 7: CONSTRUCTION OF POST DEVELOPMENT HYDROGRAPH...........................................34STEP 8: VARIFICATION BY HEC HMS................................................................................................42CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................52
SCOPEThis research aims to evaluate and evaluate variations in catchment response behavior in pre-developed and post-developed settings within a specific region and to propose solutions that canaddress possible difficulties along the route. The physical parameters for the clock and the generation of the respective rainfall patterns andstorm hydrographs will include an evaluation of different parameters and the application ofvarious techniques to fulfil the tasks indicated in the project brief to achieve the correct definitiveresults for the clock assigned.In order to overcome problems and create a functional and safe design in compliance with thedirectives of the Council, critical thinking, analytical skills and Engineering judgments will haveto be implemented at various stages of the project design and analysis by the student engineer.The project gives the student engineer the capacity to examine and plan the floodplain of thecatchment areas during the pre-development and post-development process. Furthermore, thestudent engineer could offer a response to challenges that could develop at any time in theproject.For the development of the project, several learning models and computational simulation shouldbe employed and a real-life problem that needs to be solved should be associated and worked on.INTRODUCTIONHydrology is important to civil and environmental engineers, hydro geologists, and earthscientists, and it plays an important part in water management, droughts, and floods, as well asthe techniques for dealing with them. Issues relating to urban storm water and runoff, water
safety, and watershed conservation have prompted comprehensive and in-depth studies andmeasures to be implemented in order to protect water balance and support productive productionwhile minimizing potential risks. Multiple storm events (such as hurricanes, cyclones, torrentialrains, and so on) have triggered major urban disasters in recent years, particularly in coastal areaswhere economic growth has been rapid, and potential responses to these problematic events(Bedient, Huber, and Vieux) must be investigated and addressed.The total amount of precipitation (also known as rainfall) remains in the area where it fell andcontributes to the atmosphere through evaporation and transpiration (water vapors leakingthrough plant tissue and leaves). Evapotranspiration is the term used to describe these twomechanisms. Any water that reaches the surface causes infiltration. The permeability of the soiland its ability to absorb and hold water have an impact on this mechanism. Percolation, theprocess of replenishing groundwater sources, can begin after this stage. Pumping groundwaterfor farm and urban water sources is possible (U.S. Geological Survey Agency, 2017).When the surface is totally saturated or the surface has weak permeability properties, theremainder of the precipitation goes overland or run-off. Run-off travels in a downward direction,accumulating in isolated, local water sources before migrating to the main. This is the largerbody of water. Excess run-off is a parameter that needs to be addressed as cities grow (Loaiciga,Valdes, Vogel, Garvey & Schwarz, 1996).It is feasible to define regions where improvements in topography and construction can have asignificant impact on flood behaviour by being able to identify and consider floodways, and sotake a critical step toward recognising flood activity and developing viable flood controltechniques (Albert, Murtagh, Babister, McLuckie, 2017).
By increasing nutrient retention within the channel network and improving downstream waterquality, as well as raising channel roughness, effective approaches can be achieved, such asmitigating channel erosion (protecting soil and reducing sediment supplies to downstream waterbodies), increasing nutrient retention within the channel network and improving downstreamwater quality, and finally, decreasing floods in the lower catchment area.Finally, with today's improved data on radar precipitation and moisture gauges, advancedprocessing capacity, and improved hydraulic simulation tools, simulations covering wide regionsusing diverse approaches may be easily analysed. This provides a lot of benefits, but it alsocauses some uncertainty. This is because precipitation is the most important factor in calculatingrunoff, and the improved spatial clarity provided by radars, when combined with computersimulation, can aid in better understanding the total catchment response, as long as theseapparatuses and instruments are properly configured for the simulation to be performed. If propercalibration can be ensured, efficient and accurate hydrological analysis for floodplain controlprogrammes and planning strategies can be implemented (Daly, Reichard, Hansell & Clark,2016).
1.PHYSICAL PARAMETERS ESTIMATION
1.1.Allocation of basin/watershed.Basin A was given to the student engineer since the student's identification number fell withinthe boundaries of that range. As student ID is 19309705 thus it comes under the category ofBasin A. The centroid of this basin is located at 150.58o East longitude and 33.53o South latitude.The basin is depicted below.Using Approximation 1000mWe can convert the said Catchment area as
1.1.1.Area of the Sub-CatchmentSub-CatchmentArea13.96 Km225.87 Km233.01 Km2Total12.84 Km2
1.2.Estimation of Total area of Basin.Area of Total Basin: Area of sub basin 1 + Area of sub basin 2 + Area of sub basin 3.Area of Total Basin: 3.96 km2 + 5.87 km2 + 3.01 km2.Area of Total Basin: 12.84 km2.1.2.1.Total Area of the Catchment-A128 Square Kilometer = 12.84 Square Kilometer as per Given ApproximationSimilarly, Area calculated as 12.84 Km21.3.Estimation of Length of Channels.1.3.1.Length of ChannelsLength of Channel asChannel A (Including 1 and 2 outlet)Total Length = 9.86 Km
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