Organisational Development and Performance Analysis

The provided document is a collection of research papers and articles related to organisational development, covering various aspects such as leadership, innovation capability, product platform development, corporate culture, market orientation, and organisational commitment. The documents are from reputable sources such as International Journal of Production Research, Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, Journal of Management Development, Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, Industrial and Commercial Training, Journal of Infection Prevention, Journal of Corporate Citizenship, European Journal of Training and Development, and Obesity Research & Clinical Practice. The document is suitable for students looking for past papers and solved assignments on organisational development.

Contribute to organisation
development

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Question 1........................................................................................................................................1
a) Discuss one strategic goals which affect organizational development needs. .......................1
b) Difference between organizational strategic plan and organizational development plan. .....1
c) Explain why organisation conduct SWOT analysis and why is it important to firm. ............2
Question 2........................................................................................................................................2
How Apple worked to develop a culture based on collaboration and trust................................2
Question 3........................................................................................................................................3
Responsibilities Matrix ..............................................................................................................3
a) Discuss advantages and disadvantages of 360 degree surveys. .............................................3
b) Focus on the CEO of the First IT company actions and business data which would be used
by them. ......................................................................................................................................4
Question 4........................................................................................................................................5
Framing a communication plan for CBIT company. .................................................................5
Question 5........................................................................................................................................7
Conducting OD manger employee survey for the first time.......................................................7
Question 6 .......................................................................................................................................7
Eight discipline process...............................................................................................................7
Question 7........................................................................................................................................9
a) Different methods recommended to resolve the conflicts identified in the organization.......9
b) Assisting both parties to respect each other and acknowledge each other's differences. ......9
c) How can I help employees reach out agreement.....................................................................9
Question 8 .....................................................................................................................................10
a) Explain actions to support department mangers...................................................................10
b) Discuss the actions required by department mangers. .........................................................10
c) Which methods are used to survey staffs. ...........................................................................10
Questions 9.....................................................................................................................................11
a) Discuss three reasons that control is important. ...................................................................11
b) Explain relationship between planning activities and control of activities. ........................11

c) Describe maintain, evaluate and modify activities...............................................................11
d) Explain how effective control system leads to achieving firm's objectives.........................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Organizational development can be termed as those techniques or methods used or
implemented in the organization so that changes can be done in the entire working environment
for better results. It is important for the business to do development so that effective results can
be seen and business can be runned for longer time duration (Akgün and Keskin, 2014).
Development is necessary in an firm as it affect every single aspects of decision making. In other
words it can be raised that it is done to upgrade the productivity and efficiency in the workplace
environment. CIBT was founded in the year 1989 and the chief information officer is Pete Fox.
This report includes different scenario in every nine questions so, the answers of every nine
questions will be explained with critical analysis.
Question 1
a) Discuss one strategic goals which affect organizational development needs.
The strategic goal of CIBT company is discusses below:
Personal development: The strategic goal of CIBT company is personal development of
staff members in an organization so that effective employees can be retained for longer time
period and better results can be seen (Bell, Chan and Nel, 2014). The Organizational
Development (OD) leader can use certain skills, transparent set of knowledge and abilities so,
that individuals performance can be calibrated. As a professional of OD can develop behavioural
and technical competencies so that work can be accomplished on given time period.
b) Difference between organizational strategic plan and organizational development plan.
Basis Organizational strategic plan Organisational development
plan
Meaning Organizational strategic plan
means that way of defining it's
direction and allocating
resources to make decisions to
pursue this strategy.
Organizational development
plan is the study of complete
changes in the firm
performance.
Importance It is important because it
outlines measurable goals.
It is important because it helps
to boost employees efficiency
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and productivity at work place.
c) Explain why organisation conduct SWOT analysis and why is it important to firm.
SWOT analysis is done by the business associates to deeply understand strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities and threats for the firm. It is done to figure out the internal and
external factors which is affecting the future performance of the company in the cut throat
competitive market. Here, strengths and weaknesses are internal factor and opportunities and
threat are external factors (Bolden, 2016). This is done to set or design operational and financial
goals for the coming years as well as strategies are framed to accomplish the created goals.
Importance of SWOT analysis to firm.
1. SWOT helps to research business, market and industry in the competitive market place so
that potential customers can be attracted towards the product or services.
2. It also helps to establish list of priorities so that effective results can be achieved.
3. This helps to search out strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threat inn the market
scenario so that in the initial stage improvement can be done as well as opportunities can
be garbed easily.
Question 2
How Apple worked to develop a culture based on collaboration and trust.
Steve Jobs the owner of Apple company work day and night to develop culture based on
trust and collaboration. The owner of the organization has hired potential staff members for
different departments in the firm so that work can be managed properly and efficiently. For each
and every department like, for finance, HR, Marketing, Technical departments etc. senior staffs
are employed and above all this a top level management is made which look after all the
activities carried out by the team in individual departments (Carlos Pinho, Paula Rodrigues and
Dibb, 2014). The roles and responsibilities are delegated according to the employees skills,
abilities and capabilities which helped Apple company to be on top in 21st century.
Steve jobs conduct three hour meeting once a week in which they discuss what actually is
going in the organisation. In this meeting the senior members of all the departments gather
together under one roof and discuss on each sector of the businesses so that more and more
improvements can be done. The moto of the meeting is to discuss problems, issues, strategies,
ideas etc. so that they can be resolved at the initial stage. This leads to effective and productive
2

results in the neck to neck competition prevailing in the market. To motivate the employees and
figuring out what in happening in the business Steve Jobs on daily basis meet the employees so
that actual scenario can be analysed and best solutions can be framed out. Meeting the staff
members on daily basis encourages them to work hard day and night to meet the set goals of the
company.
Question 3
Responsibilities Matrix
Core activities- First IT Company cultural change program
Role Engagement Team
performance
Communicati
on
Senior
manager
development
Staff
briefings
Senior
manages
C C I A A
CFO R I R R I
OD manager A I R C I
CEO A R R I A
Here,
A stands for approving
R stands for reviewing
C stands for creating
I stands for Input
a) Discuss advantages and disadvantages of 360 degree surveys.
In 360 degree surveys feedbacks are taken from peers, customers, staff members,
collogues and even senior members are involved to examine an individual performance. In this
case analysis is done from both the sides like how other perceive individual and how individual
perceive other (Dadfar and et. al., 2013).
Advantages of 360 degree surveys:
3

Uncovers blind-spots: In 360 degree surveys individuals gives feedbacks from multi
rater which helps individuals to uncover blind-spots in their behaviour for that person. Uncover
blind-spots is necessary for employees so that continuous improvements can be done. This helps
person to focus on development and learning needs which are relevant to those overlooked
behaviours.
Development of skills: 360 degree helps the individuals to improve his behaviour and
skills for better results. It motivates individual accountability and directly provides control over
their career paths. This provides individual ownership over the improvement by creating
customized plans.
Leverages strengths: 360 degree helps to search out strengths of employees and if
individual exhibit strengths in an area then additional development is provided so that that skills
can be enriched (Dawson-Shepherd, Kellner and Neumann, 2013). By doing so, it will help the
employees in their career growth as well as indirectly benefit will be provided to the company.
Whereas, revealing strengths are necessary for personal improvements and development for long
run.
Disadvantages of 360 degree surveys.
Grudge assessments can be hurtful: In 360 degree surveys sometimes the feedback
comments are harsh and hurtful which indirectly hurts a individual emotions. By this staff
members gets dimotivated as productive results of business decreases. In this training and
coaching can help the employees to enrich their capabilities and abilities.
Employees focus on negative aspect: In this negative comments are not easy to swallow
and requires bit maturity to handle to tackle with negative comments (Godemann and et. al.,
2014). Focusing more on negative aspects decrease the moral value of an individual as well as
working environments are affected badly.
Time consuming: Taking 360 degree feedback is very much time consuming for the
company. It indirectly affect the working scenario of the businesses in the market place. To
deliver actual feedbacks to the candidates it takes lots of time and many times assessments done
on individual does not agree to it which creates trouble for the firm.
b) Focus on the CEO of the First IT company actions and business data which would be used by
them.
4

Training and development programmes: The CEO of the First IT company who is
holding hundred employees in the organization should conduct training and development
programmes for it's employees. Providing training and development to the potential employees
will help the employees to enrich their skills which will results to productive results. This
activities indirectly leads to organizational benefits as trained employees helps to achieve goals
on time.
Appointing experts: First IT company should hire experts from outside so that proper
guidance regarding the work can be provided. Experts will able to clear the quarries of the
employees more accurately which leads to productive results and polishing of their existing skills
is done. Enrichment in existing skills and adopt to new skills, abilities and capabilities will both
company and staff member's in their future (Gold and et. al., 2013). Company will get potential
and trained employees which will raise their standards in the market while employees will be
benefited by with polished skills in their career growth in the coming future.
Adapting Motivational theories: First IT company should apply Maslow's motivational
theory in the business so, that potential employees can be retained for longer time duration.
Fulfilling their basic and safety needs will motivate the employees to work effectively and
efficiently to meet the goals of business on time. Whereas, employees are loved and sense
belongingness in the work place the get motivated within and when self esteem and self
actualization needs are fulfilled of employees then it indirectly helps the business associates to
come up with innovative ideas and bit the competitors in the cut throat competitive market.
Business associates is holding 100 employees in the organization out of which 30%
employees are sufficient enough to meet the set goals of the business. Business associates will
provide them monetary value (cash amount, promotions, appraisal etc. ) and non monetary value
(gifts, holidays tour etc.) so that they get motivated to work effectively and efficiently. And rest
70% of employees are given proper training and development so that their skills can be raised
and in future benefits can be gained by biting competitors in the market (Hajli and Hajli, 2013).
Question 4
Framing a communication plan for CBIT company.
CBIT company is using strategies like, expansion of business in UK market.
Objectives:
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Stakeholder
(group)
How will we
communicate
information to
them?
How will we get
their feedback?
How will we
respond to
feedback?
How will we
record and
monitor issues?
Employees Through notice
board
Through
suggestion box
Through notice
board
Employees were
not suggesting in
real terms. It can
be monitored
issues by keeping
eye on the
suggestion given
by employees.
Issues can be
record by the
software called as
MIS.
Suppliers Through Email By reverting back
on Email
By calling them
or reverting them
on same Email
Reply is late or
ignored on Email
facility. It can be
monitored by
keeping the reply
on the candidates
safely (Hallam
and et. al., 2016).
Customers Conducting
Campaigns
Surveys Conducting
campaigns
Convening people
for the product or
services was a
challenge
Shareholders Conducting
meeting
By sharing views
on spot
Reverting back on
spot in the
Frequent changes
in suggestions by
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meeting people. It can be
monitored by
recording the
suggestions or by
entering them in
the system as well
as on a paper.
Question 5
Conducting OD manger employee survey for the first time.
Strategy Pros Cons
Motivation theories Employees get motivated
when their basic and safety
needs are fulfilled as well as
love and self esteem needs are
achieved it leads to productive
results.
If motivation strategies are not
carried out then employees
turn out ratio raise and leads to
fall in market ratio.
Promotion When employees are timely
promoted they work more so
that their value increase in the
company and best outcomes
are given to the company
(Hind, Smit and Page, 2013) .
When staff members are not
promoted as and when needed
employees turn out ratio
increases at a rapid scale
which decrease the market
share of the business in the
market.
Question 6
Eight discipline process
Goal:
Objective:
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Step Action Expected results
1. Create a team Different team for various
departments like, HR, finance,
marketing etc. was made in an
organization.
Optimum utilization of
resources was done and every
sector work was managed
properly as well as productive
results was seen.
2. Determine the problem Searching out effective
candidates for the team was a
challenge.
Incurred lot of time while
selecting right candidate for
right job.
3. Implement a temporary
solution
Required less time and efforts Outcome was unproductive
and gave birth to major issues
in the future.
4. Eliminate the root cause Incurred more cost and time Employees retained for longer
time duration.
5. Verify the solution Many other problems were
solved at the same time.
In the eyes of the customers
company image turned out to
be positive and worked hard to
meet the set goals (Roberts,
2018).
6. Implement a permanent
solution
Problems were solved at initial
stage and did not not affect
functioning of the company.
Smooth functioning of the
business was carried out
without chaos and conflicts
among top and lower level
employees.
7. Prevent the problem from
recurring
Needs to do proper research
and development on
continuous basis.
Employees were satisfied with
the working environment
which leads to effective and
efficient results as well as
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retained potential employees
for longer time duration.
8. Celebrate success Healthy working environment
was created and employees
were satisfied with the
performance.
Companies brand image was
recognized in the market and
employees get motivated
within to work hard for more
better results.
Question 7
a) Different methods recommended to resolve the conflicts identified in the organization.
The taken company is hotel Hilton group and this organization is facing employee lay off
at frequent intervals.
The various methods recommended to resolve conflicts are as follows:
1. Employees lay off ratio can be decreased by fulfilling their emerging needs from
company.
2. Timely promoting potential employees to different posts so that effective results can be
achieved and effective employees can be retained for longer time duration (Sheehan,
Garavan and Carbery, 2014) .
3. By handling minute to big problems or conflicts on immediate basis so that employees
lay off ratio can be decreased to a huge extent and smooth functioning of the business can
be carried out.
b) Assisting both parties to respect each other and acknowledge each other's differences.
In Hilton group employees can be guided or can be explained to respect each other at
working place. To receive productive results in an organization proper respect need to be given
to the staff members. In other words it can be said that for smooth functioning of the business as
well for career upliftment both the parties need to respect each other and should treat each other
with due respect so that both parties goals can be achieved. When the differences are
acknowledged and resolved then working under one roof proves to be satisfactory and common
goals of both parties can be meet on the due time. Efforts of both the parties helps the business to
flourish in the cut throat competitive market.
9

c) How can I help employees reach out agreement.
I can suggest both the parties that is Hilton Group and It's employees to figure out
problems on a piece of paper one by one and then evaluate them accordingly. Instead of blaming
each other a common solutions can be searched out after analysing the problems of both the
teams. According to me solutions should be taken from both the parties and exchanging their
problems with each other. In this case both parties will try to understand each others problems
and better solutions will be served. Also, priority should be given to every problem weather
small or big problems so that discrimination factor does not come ion their mind. When
suggestions will be given by team on each other problems then more understanding and respect
will be there for each other. The respect for each other work will be coming from within as when
they realizes each other situation. In this way conflicts can be solves and respect can be
generated for each other.
Question 8
a) Explain actions to support department mangers.
As a OB manger to influence it's staff members, mangers need to build the habit of
listening to other. By this way company can influence it's employees to adopt the strategies
framed by them. When manger believes in it's employee then staff members will also trust their
mangers and set strategics can be implemented effectively. Another way is to build healthy and
trustworthy relations with co- workers so, that employees can be open to get influenced by the
manger. As well as cultivate reliability through consistency, though it is slow process but
gradually employees will start trusting the manger and their work (Wu and Chu, 2015).
b) Discuss the actions required by department mangers.
1. Respect employees as individuals and their work they do. Respect can be simple but it is
powerful motivator . By showing little extra respect employees goes miles to make the
company succeed.
2. Management at all levels need to given sufficient training so that employees skills gets
polished timely and can be used in the future for betterment.
3. Provide meaningful feedback in constructive manner on regular basis so, that employees
can be motivates and productive results can be seen. Every now and then encouragement
to employees and their job is need so that better outcomes can be seen.
10

c) Which methods are used to survey staffs.
Qualitative data: To survey staff in an organization qualitative data is used in which
there is no numerical figures or graphs or charts are framed. They more focus on quality of data
to survey employees. It is easy to understand and evaluate and can be explained easily to anyone.
As there is no mathematical figures there no complexity in evaluating data. There are 60
respondents taken while conducting staff surveys.
Quantitative data: In this case when staff surveys are done more of mathematical
figures, charts, bar diagrams are used for better understanding of the data. It helps to figure out
clearly what exactly the survey is going to say regarding employees.
Thus, organization is using qualitative data for staff survey as it provides reliable and
authentic data which is beneficial for the company.
Questions 9
a) Discuss three reasons that control is important.
1. Control is important as helps the firm to use the resources effectively and efficiently.
2. Control is important as there is less or no waste they business good will can be raised in
the eyes of the customers.
3. Control is important as natural resources are limited using them wisely and searching out
for alternatives resources like green house energy will help the firm to bit their
competitors in the market (Wu and Chu, 2015).
b) Explain relationship between planning activities and control of activities.
Basis Planning activities Control of activities
Meaning Planning activities involves
setting of goals and targets for
a firm.
Control activities means
ensuring their accomplishment
in the market.
Deciding process It decides the controlling
process
It provides sound basis for
planning activities in the
market.
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c) Describe maintain, evaluate and modify activities
Maintain: Organization should maintain the strategies framed for the employees so that
effective results can be achieved. Maintaining strategies in proper manner helps the business in
long run which indirectly leads to retain potential staff for longer time duration.
Evaluate: For better results in the competitive market the strategies designed should be
timely evaluated so that improvement can be done on the initial stage. Timely examining the
strategies helps the organization to reduce employees turn out ratio.
Modify activities: In an organization modify activities should be carried out to meet the
set goals on time. Rigidity in functioning and in strategies reduces the productivity level of the
business. It indirectly reduces motivation level of employees and down fall in market ratio can be
seen gradually.
d) Explain how effective control system leads to achieving firm's objectives.
1. It helps the mangers of the business associates to effectively measures the actual
performance (Akgün and Keskin, 2014).
2. It helps in maintaining managerial cost so tat efficient management can be carried out .
3. It also helps in determining predetermined targets of the firm in the market place.
CONCLUSION
From the above it can be concluded that al the individual scenario are examined with
critical analysis. If firm goes according to the scenario of every nine case study then goals can be
achieved in due time. As well as potential employees can be retained for longer time duration.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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innovativeness and performance. International Journal of Production Research. 52(23).
pp.6918-6937.
Bell, C., Chan, M. and Nel, P., 2014. The impact of participative and directive leadership on
organisational culture: An organisational development perspective. Mediterranean
Journal of Social Sciences. 5(23). p.1970.
Bolden, R., 2016. Leadership, management and organisational development. In Gower handbook
of leadership and management development (pp. 143-158). Routledge.
Carlos Pinho, J., Paula Rodrigues, A. and Dibb, S., 2014. The role of corporate culture, market
orientation and organisational commitment in organisational performance: the case of
non-profit organisations. Journal of Management Development. 33(4). pp.374-398.
Dadfar, H. and et. al., 2013. Linkage between organisational innovation capability, product
platform development and performance: The case of pharmaceutical small and medium
enterprises in Iran. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence. 24(7-8). pp.819-
834.
Dawson-Shepherd, A., Kellner, K. and Neumann, J. E., 2013. Developing organisational
consultancy. Routledge.
Godemann, J. and et. al., 2014. Higher education and sustainable development: Exploring
possibilities for organisational change. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability
Journal. 27(2). pp.218-233.
Gold, J. and et. al., 2013. Human resource development: Theory and practice. Macmillan
International Higher Education.
Hajli, M. and Hajli, M., 2013. Organisational development in sport: co-creation of value through
social capital. Industrial and Commercial Training. 45(5). pp.283-288.
Hallam, C. and et. al., 2016. Development of the UK Vessel Health and Preservation (VHP)
framework: a multi-organisational collaborative. Journal of infection prevention. 17(2).
pp.65-72.
Hind, P., Smit, A. and Page, N., 2013. Enabling sustainability through an action research process
of organisational development. Journal of Corporate Citizenship. (49). pp.137-161.
Roberts, J., 2018. Multinational business service firms: development of multinational
organization structures in the UK business service sector. Routledge.
Sheehan, M., Garavan, T. N. and Carbery, R., 2014. Innovation and human resource
development (HRD). European Journal of Training and Development. 38(1/2). pp.2-
14.
Wu, Y. K. and Chu, N. F., 2015. Introduction of the transtheoretical model and organisational
development theory in weight management: A narrative review. Obesity research &
clinical practice. 9(3). pp.203-213.