Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics

This assignment discusses various topics related to corporate social responsibility (CSR) and ethics, including its definition, benefits, and examples. It also covers policy briefs, report writing, case studies, and online resources on CSR and philanthropy. The assignment provides a comprehensive overview of the importance of CSR and ethics in business, making it suitable for students and researchers in the field of business and management.

Individual Report

Executive summary
Corporate Social Responsibility means a sense of obligation towards the society and
environment. Whereas Literature review can be explained as comprehensive summary of past
research topic. The main purpose of this report is that business must follow corporate social
responsibility to sustain in the global village. Literature review must be done to resolve conflicts
arised from the past research and also business associates should understand the main motive of
the review so that targets can be achieved on time. Organization must work on the key issues of
CSR so that firm can run smoothly and can meet the emerging needs of the customers.

Table of Contents
Executive summary..........................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1) Explain what a literature review is all about?.................................................................1
1.2) Explain the main purpose of reviewing literature?........................................................1
TASK2.............................................................................................................................................2
2.1) Discuss the meaning of Corporate Social Responsibility?.............................................2
2.2) Discuss some of the issues related to Cooperate Social Responsibility. ........................2
2.3) Examine the three areas to focus on and analysis the key issues accordingly? .............4
3.) Analysis......................................................................................................................................4
4.) Recommendations......................................................................................................................6
5.) CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Corporate Social Responsibility can be explained as continuous seriousness or
commitment by organization to contribute to the economic upliftment as well as behave ethically
by improving quality life of the workers, their families and society as well. Socially responsible
organization use CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) to integrate environment, economic and
social objectives with the firms growth and operations. Business does CSR activities to improve
sales, customers loyalty, positive business reputation and better brand recognition. This report
includes meaning of literature view and CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) from authors
point of view as well as its main purpose of using it in the firm and how is it beneficial to the
business upliftment. This report also throw light on some of the issues of CSR and how they
impact the functioning of the business across the globe.
TASK 1
1.1) Explain what a literature review is all about?
The word Literature Review can be described as systematic location and identification of
documents concerning information related to the research problems. It is written to review the
literature, finding a working topic, focus topic narrowly and select paper accordingly, organize
the selected papers by looking for patterns and by developing subtopics and developing a
working thesis as well. It is important to review the literature because it describe how research is
related in statistics. It highlights the relevance and originality of research problems. The
different sources of this includes books, dissertations, conference paper and peer reviewed
articles. Some of the main genres of literature review are as follows: Poetry, Prose, Drama, Non-
fiction, Media etc.
1.2) Explain the main purpose of reviewing literature?
 The main purpose of using literature review is to cater base of knowledge on given topic.
 It also identify areas of scholarship to prevent duplication, conflicts in previous studies,
gaps in research and open questions left from other research.
 To provide supporting information for practical problem for which business is addressing
research.
 To show relevant concepts and theories of the research paper.
 It also helps to avoid unnecessary repetition of words in the paragraph or given sentences.
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 It limits or binds the area of problem.
 To check continuity and consistency of existing studies and results.
 It commences a long term study of interest.
 It helps to narrow or solve the problems occurring in the study by understanding the past
and present conflicts.
 The methodologies used are common to the field to have better understanding of the
topic.
TASK2
Literature review.
2.1) Discuss the meaning of Corporate Social Responsibility?
According to James Chen, (2019), Corporate Social responsibility can be explained as
how organization's manage the business operations or processes to produce an overall positive
impact on society and environment as well. In other words, it can be explained as showing
gestures or gratitude of showing the business concern and commitments towards society's or
community development and sustainability. The main moto of the CSR (Corporate Social
Responsibility) is that every business running across the globe should operate their firm in
ethical way so that society is benefited with their activities for long term. CSR is needed to be
conducted in the society because it force the firms to provide huge amount of finance as charity
or donation to many small firms, provide services and product at free of cost, helps to resolve
some of the problems like, global warmth, pollution etc. Example: Apple company contribute its
half half of the funds in educating children's. This is the step towards social corporate
responsibilities as it will help the community to uplift their literacy rate. CSR is important to
flow in today's worlds as the increasing pollution and globalization is major concern across the
globe . So, industries or companies working in 21st era must strictly flow Corporate Social
Responsibility to sustain and survive in the market or end up closing the business.
2.2) Discuss some of the issues related to Cooperate Social Responsibility.
According to Jen Boynton, (2018), CSR is simply a way for organization to take
responsibility for social impacts of their business day to day operations. There are some of the
issues related to Corporate Social Responsibilities which are explained as follows:
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Legal Aspects: To run successful business in the market legal norms need to be followed
by the companies. If the legal aspects are followed by the firm than its easy to generate profit and
goodwill can be raised accordingly. CSR (Cooperate Social responsibilities) plays a vital role in
the business smooth running as organization's flows CSR activities than no government
intervention will not be there. But it's difficult to follow all the legal norms according to the set
standards. Example: Car companies are required to meet certain level of emissions in car
manufacturing or production. If the emission level increases in car while production than its
against CSR. Then business associates can be charged with penalties and heavy charges for
violating the CSR activities.
Ethical aspects: Every business has their own ethical norms and beliefs to run their
organization in the market. Business associates openly follows the ethical standards then
effective outputs can be seen as employees will be satisfied by their ethical set norms. If the
violation of the CSR (Corporate Social Responsibilities) activities are done than firm can face
huge employees turn over. Examples: Apple Inc. policies were on stake when the suicide ratio
of employees increased who were working in Chinese Foxxconn factory. The ratio raised
because the employees were unsatisfied with their wages. Due to this Foxxconn raised their
employee’s salary from 900 yuan to 1800 yuan. In other words, it can be said that societies
ethical exceptions leads to encourage organization to act ethically.
According to Smarinita shetty, (2019), philanthropic aspects is the another issues faced
by the CSR as firm are asked to pay or contribute funds,time, goods, services etc. to the charity
clubs for the betterment of the society. This is the expectation made from the organization side to
pay some amount of money to the charities for the upliftment of the community as a whole.
Example: REI based in Seattle, Washington donate it's 3% share of profits to the non-profits
organization every year to raise their standard of living and also can survive in the competitive
world. It helped the organization to raise goodwill in the customers eyes as well recognition of
the firm was done indirectly across the globe.
Economic aspects: To run business smoothly across the globe than organization need to
contribute huge amount of income to the country’s economic growth. In this case firm need to
maintain stable economic interest so, as to stay in business competitive world. Providing values
to shareholder and being profitable is a part of a business being socially responsible. To carry out
the CSR (Corporate Social Responsibilities) activities big or small both kind of business need to
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be equally stable in terms of economic.
2.3) Examine the three areas to focus on and analysis the key issues accordingly?
According to Sammi caramela, (2018), the key areas to address the Corporate Social
Responsibilities are as follows:
By improving the quality life of employees it helps the firm to grow and expand business
across the nation the quality life of the employees need to be improved according to the current
trends. As inflation rate is touching the sky the wages , salary or remuneration of the employees
need to be changed accordingly to meet the current scenario. If employees are satisfied with the
workplace and salary than only effective results can be seen and organization can be a part of
corporate social responsibilities. Improving standards or quality living of people is also a part of
CSR.
Being a responsible and trustworthy partner it helps the business to sustain in the market
and to increase goodwill in the eyes of the customers firm should ensure the consumers that there
product or services are beneficial for them. Organization should not cheat the society by any
means as business is running because of the society people (Hebart and Woessmann, 2016). To
pull customers towards there product business associates need to be trustworthy and responsible
towards society.
Minimizing environment footprint helps the organization to use the resources available in
the environment in limited quantity. So, the organization need to use natural resources with lees
or no wastage to sustain in the market for long time duration. Business associates need to follow
the CSR activities as this is important to remain in the global market. Vilotaion of CSR activities
leads to penalties and huge financial charges due to which the business can not explore and
goodwill hamper in the market as well. Firm need to take immediate steps to overcome the
harmful gases that they produce while production or manufacturing and huge wastage of natural
resources etc. need to conserved to deplete environment.
3.) Analysis.
Improving the quality life of employees:
According to Luthans the dominant purpose of quality of work life is to change the
dynamic climate at work so that organizational and human technological both can interface and
leads to better and efficient quality of work life (Lavena, 2016).
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According to Beinum quality of work life is an general approach which includes all
those factors which directly affect the economic, social, psychological and cultural well beings
of workers.
Both the authors has shared their view regarding the area of CSR(Corporate Social
Responsibilities) it can be concluded that for smooth functioning of the business quality of work
life need to raised so that effective results can be achieved and firm can grow in the global
market. Quality of work gets affected by social, economical, cultural, physical and Psychological
factors so, business associates need to be continuously make changes in the living standards of
the employees so that effective outcomes can be seen. Employees quality life need to be high and
efficient to have productive results and responsibilities towards society can be fulfilled .
Being a responsible and trustworthy partner:
According to Roger Staubach, if organization's does not have trust and faith within
their own business than business associates can not transfer faith and trust to their employees
regarding their business (Meghani and Hinds, 2012). The loyalty and encouragement of work
should be within business than only employees will be motivated to execute them piratically.
According to Lincoln, employees will be fully and rightly trusted from the companies
side than only in return employees will show their faith towards firm by working effectively and
not leaking the business information (Wysiadecki and Topol, 2017). If CSR activities is
performed by the business associates than only employees will have trust on their product.
Both the authors have shared their views regarding the trustworthy and responsible partner. The
trust and faith need to build by the firm in the society and should take immediate steps to
overcome it. In return employees will show there faith by working hard to achieve the desired
goals on time. CSR activities helps the business associates to build loyalty and trust among
employer and employee.
Minimizing environment footprint:
According to the Reinhard krause environment footprints like carbon gases,
greenhouse gases leads to global warming which is a negative impact on the business. It is
metaphor for the total impact that has been taking place around the globe (Saw and Gastin,
2015).
According to Mike Berners-Lee everyone needs to be serious about the dynamic
climate changes taking place across the world, firm not only become energy user but also carbon
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literate and also focus on bigger infrastructure uderpin the goods that consumer consume across
the globe.
Both the writers has shared there views regarding the environment footprints, it's a matter
of great concern and business need to take check alternate resources to run there business. Firm
emitting harmful gases leads to global warming and dynamic climate changes occur which will
create huge impact on the functioning of the business across the globe. Natural resources are
limited in numbers and they exhaust then many of the industries and companies need to be
closed down because of the loss of the natural resources availability (World Health Organization,
2015). Which will indirectly affect the consumers as well as the trading business pattern across
the boundaries.
4.) Recommendations
Organization should keep more focus on environment footprints as this the major issue
emerging in the country. Emission of harmful gases and greenhouse gases on continuous basis
can be sealed by the government so business need to find some ways to produce goods in eco
friendly ways or by recycling so, that resources can be saved for future. Business associates
should contentiously improve the quality of work and living standards so that employees turn out
can be reduced. Firm should always contribute some amount of funds for the upliftment of the
society so that they can sustain in the market for longer time duration.
5.) CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it can be concluded that Literature review helps the
organization to gain in-depth knowledge regarding any topic. It is throw study of any topic and
tries to solve conflicts and issues emerging out of the review. Corporate Social Responsibilities
plays a vital role in the organization as it is necessary to fulfil obligations towards society so that
community can be uplifted. Some of the issues are highlighted to how they can be overcome to
have smooth functioning of the business.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Baller, S., Dutta, S. and Lanvin, B., 2016. Global information technology report 2016. Geneva:
Ouranos.
Conner, C. M. and White, S. W., 2018. Brief report: Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of
individual mindfulness therapy for adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of
autism and developmental disorders. 48(1). pp.290-300.
Gignac, G. E. and Szodorai, E. T., 2016. Effect size guidelines for individual differences
researchers. Personality and individual differences. 102. pp.74-78.
Hamm, J. A. and Firmin, R. L., 2016. Disorganization and individual psychotherapy for
schizophrenia: a case report of metacognitive reflection and insight therapy. Journal of
Contemporary Psychotherapy. 46(4). pp.227-234.
Hebart, H., Lang, P. and Woessmann, W., 2016. Nivolumab for refractory anaplastic large cell
lymphoma: A case report. Annals of internal medicine. 165(8). pp.607-608.
Lavena, C. F., 2016. Whistle-blowing: individual and organizational determinants of the decision
to report wrongdoing in the federal government. The American Review of Public
Administration. 46(1). pp.113-136.
Meghani, S. H. and Hinds, P. S., 2015. Policy brief: The Institute of Medicine report Dying in
America: Improving quality and honoring individual preferences near the end of
life. Nursing outlook. 63(1). pp.51-59.
Saw, A. E., Main, L. C. and Gastin, P. B., 2015. Monitoring athletes through self-report: factors
influencing implementation. Journal of sports science & medicine. 14(1). p.137.
World Health Organization, 2015. World report on ageing and health. World Health
Organization.
Wysiadecki, G., Polguj, M. and Topol, M., 2017. The report on the co-occurrence of two
different rare anatomic variations of the plantaris muscle tendon on both sides of an
individual. Folia morphologica. 76(2). pp.331-333.
Online
James Chen. 2019. Corporate Social Responsibility. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/corp-social-responsibility.asp>.
Smarinita shetty. 2019. Philanthropy & CSR. [Online]. Available
through:<https://idronline.org/themes/csr-philanthropy/?
gclid=EAIaIQobChMI74WVhaXC4QIVRKmWCh07UQcoEAAYAiAAEgI-
EfD_BwE>.
Sammi Caramela. 2018. Corporate Social Responsibility. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/4679-corporate-social-
responsibility.html>.
Jen Boynton, 2018. Corporate Social Responsibility. [Online]. Available
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responsibility.htm>.
Reinhard Krause. 2019. Being a responsible and trustworthy partner. [Online]. Available
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footprint-definition>.
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Roger Staubach. 2018. Being a responsible and trustworthy partner. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/4679-corporate-social-
responsibility.htm>.
Luthans. 2017. Improve quality of life. [Online]. Available
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life-its-meaning-and-definition-employee-management/26112>.
Beinum. 2017. Improve quality of life. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/4679-corporate-social-
responsibility.htm>.
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