Corporate Review

This report provides a literature review on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), exploring its definition, benefits, and challenges. It examines how CSR impacts business operations, brand image, employee engagement, and societal well-being. The report also analyzes various perspectives on CSR from different authors and researchers.

CORPORATE
REVIEW

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
1.What is an literature review what does it achieve .................................................................3
2.Literature review on Corporate social responsibility...............................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFRENCES ..................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Literature review is a process by which researchers search and evaluate the present
literature of an particular subject or choose area. It provide theoretical base for the research and
helps in determination of nature of the research. It also focusses on acknowledging the work of
previous researcher and ensures that their work have been well received. Later part of the report
is related with corporate social responsibility is an business model that helps an organisation to
be socially accountable (Anku-Tsede and Deffor, 2014). Corporate social responsibility
comprises of a organisation getting engage in activities that are focussed on enhancing society as
well as environment. The report comprises of a literature review on the Corporate social
responsibility which will define CSR from the point of view of different authors.
1.What is an literature review what does it achieve
An literature review involves analysing and discussing public information which is
related to a particular area. It may cover a particular time period. It is much more then just
summary of the sources. It involves organizational pattern that combines summary along with
synthesis. Where a summary is an recap of the important sources of information while synthesis
is reorganisation of the available information. It may involve giving new interpretation to the old
material or combine both new and old interpretations (Appel-Meulenbroek and Haynes, 2014).
There are various types of literature review that can be conducted by researcher such as
Argumentative, historical, Methodological and systematic. There adoption depend upon the type
of study which a researcher wants to conduct. If the situation demands it can also comprise of
evaluating sources and advising the readers on most relevant ones. Literature review perform
several roles such as:
 Demonstration role- It demonstrate that the researcher is well-informed scholar which
hold a level of expertise and knowledge in the field. which can be understood by there
overview of the current literature which is being done by him. Which involves various
interpretation that explains the reason for conducting the research.
 Identification role- It help in identification gap which is existing in the literature. It
might be an issue or an open ended question which have not been addressed by previous
researcher. It help the researcher to find out about why these question have remained
unanswered and whether they can be answered in the future (ArAs, 2016)

 Synthesis role- It provides an synthesis of the existing issues or the concepts that
surrounds the research topic. Which can be further analysed by the researcher in the
research process. Proper synthesis help the researcher to get an deep understanding about
the research topic and also help them to study the work which is being already done by
the other researchers.
It provides an handy guide to particular topic. If there is time provided for the research is
limited then it will act as an stepping stone by providing information related to chosen area of
research. It comprises of for main tasks such as -
 Demonstrating a familiarity with providing the information and then establishment of
work done.
 Summarising the prior work and linking the same with the current project.
 Integrating and summarising the knowledge of the subject.
 Demonstration of learning comprising of the new ideas that have been emerged in the
entire process.
Literature review perform several purposes in the entire research process that can be
further elaborated below:
 It help in providing profound knowledge about the given topic to the researcher who is
conducting the research (Burke, 2014).
 In helps in placing individuals own work in relation with the existing literature work that
explains why the further study is needed in the area.
 It determines the needs for which the further research is bing conducted.
 It helps to identify the relationship of work in relation with the topic and other works.
 It facilitates identification of different area such as conflicts in the previous research and
open question that have been left in the previous researches.
 It serves as a foundation of knowledge for the given topic.
It help the researcher in finding new ideas while conducting the research and also help to
link the work of the other researcher with the current study. Thus it serves as a foundation for the
knowledge for the particular area of research (Chandler and Werther, 2014).
2.Literature review on Corporate social responsibility.
Corporate social responsibility comprises with operating in an ethical and sustainable
way and dealing with it's impact on environmental and society. It comprises of careful

consideration of human rights, environment, society in which it is operating. In modern world
corporate social responsibility is playing an important role and it provides certain benefits to the
organisation (Clark and Viehs, 2014). It suggest that if organisation operating in society
contribute towards society, economy and environment then they will be able to create positive
impact on society at large. The entire concept resolves around the need to focus on fulfilment of
social responsibility instead of just focussing on earning profit .
 It helps in improving public image of the organisation- If an organisation is
conducting corporate social responsibility activities in the economy. Then it can highlight
those activities in the market which will help them to build an better image in the minds
of both customer and employees. As customer they will fell more association with the
brand and as employees they will fell more motivated as they are associated with a brand
that have good brand image (Nasir and et. al., 2015).
 Increase brand recognition- If an organisation is committed to ethical practices. Then
this news spread will help them to attract a larger number of audience and will help them
to increase brand awareness among the customers.
 Competitive advantage- Organisation those who are fulfilling their corporate social
responsibility have an competitive edge over those who are not fulfilling the same. As
they are considering social and environmental factors and are working to improve the
society (Keightley and Sherlock, 2014).
 Greater employment engagement- It is proven that the employees tents to more
efficiently work for the company that enjoys good brand image. By showing concern
towards the things such as human rights they will be able to attract and retain a larger
number of audience. It will also help them to retain top candidates.
 More benefits for employees- There are different benefits that an organisation enjoy
when they adopt corporate social responsibility in the environment. It will help the
organisation in creating an positive and productive work environment and also promote
things such as volunteering which will help the individuals to grow both in terms of
personal and professional ways.
 Cost saving- Various changes that have been taken by the organisation in order to be
sustainable will help them to save cost. Changes such as using less packaging it will not
only help the businesses in saving cost but will also help to protect the environment. Thus

the business will be able to fulfil it's duty towards environment (Manacorda, Centonze,
and Forti, 2014).
Literature review on Corporate Social Responsibility.
According to Shafiq (2011) Corporate social responsibility is obligation to the society6,
stakeholders involvement, improving the quality of life, economic development, ethical business
practices, law abiding, voluntarisms, human rights, environmental protection, transparency and
accountability. With the growing world organisation are responsible to full fill their duty towards
the society and environments as well. Through corporate social responsibility activities they can
fulfil their accountability towards the environment and can facilitates economic development
from the same. According to Schwartz (2011) Virtually all definitions of Corporate social
responsibility include the notion that business firms have obligated towards society beyond their
economic obligation to shareholder. It comprises of fulfilment of their responsibility toward the
society along with shareholders businesses needs to fulfil social responsibility in order to attract
large number of customer and also for reattaining the employees as they will also feel motivate
when they are associated with an organisation that is fulfilling their responsibility towards the
society (CSR Definition. 2013).
According to Horrigon (2010) There is no widespread definition of Corporate social
responsibility due to high level of ambiguity and controversy associated with the topic. As the
topic is an complex one and it involves involvement of a lot of things that an organisation needs
to keep in mind for instance designing new business practices in order to respond to civil society
expectations requires involvement of both time and money . According to Simpson and Taylor
(2013) Corporate social responsibility is referred to as additional responsibilities of businesses to
local and wider communities apart from it's core responsibility of profit maximisation. As the
business core responsibility is associated with earning profit but Corporate social responsibility
provide an opportunity to the businesses to look beyond earning profits and it helps to fulfil their
responsibility towards the society.
According to Douglas and Emily (2011) business environment has changed significantly
recently. To survive in this dynamic business environment, businesses have been forced to adapt
various strategies, among them being the integration of corporate social responsibility Into their
business model. As the economy is changing so as the needs to adopt to different strategics is
being highlighted in the business environment. In order to achieve competitive advantage

organisation needs to step up their game in comparison with the other player in the business.
According to World Business Council for Sustainable Development in Hopkins (2008)
continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development
while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families, as well as the local
community and society at large. As by fulfilling the corporate social responsibility it enable
businesses to behave ethically and contribute to the development of society. It also helps in
developing the quality of life of worker as it provides an opportunity to them for participate in
the volunteering work. Which help them to motivate them to a higher extent.
According to HernandeZ Murillo and Martinek (2009) Corporate social responsibility
activities of a firm is aligned with interest of the firm. The corporate social activities of a firm
enable higher potential benefits to both the society and the firm if they are being taken
strategically and specifically (Corporate Social Responsibility 2019). According to Freeman and
Hasnaoui (2010) They examined the meaning of Corporate social responsibility from the vision
of United Kingdom, France and Canada. They focuses on looking for a consensus of
understanding and proposing more universal framework in order to enhance international
adoption and practices of corporate social responsibility with the use of triple bottom line. Their
discussion failed to not being able to conceptualise Corporate social responsibility which was
because of the difference between the backgrounds of the researchers.
In a sum total the review defines that corporate social responsibility plays an crucial role
in the business organisation. It comprises with integration of socially beneficial programmes and
practices into an business model. It is aimed to increase long term profits of the businesses. By
increasing the brand image and by attracting large amount of customers.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it have been concluded that literature review involves analysing
and interpretation of the current state of knowledge on a particular topic It helps the researcher to
analyse the available information which have been collected by the prior researcher and help to
discover new ideas that can answer the question which have not been yet answered by the
researchers. Later part of the report deals literature review on corporate social responsibility.
Corporate social responsibility is a complex concept which comprises of different programmes
such as philanthropy and volunteering. It facilitates various advantage to the businesses such as
better brand image, better employee engagement and increased brand image.

REFRENCES
Books and Journal
Anku-Tsede, O. and Deffor, E.W., 2014. Corporate responsibility in Ghana: An overview of
aspects of the regulatory regime. Business and Management Research.3(2). pp.31-41.
Appel-Meulenbroek, R. and Haynes, B., 2014. An overview of steps and tools for the corporate
real estate strategy alignment process. Corporate real estate journal.4(1). pp.44-61.
ArAs, G., 2016. A handbook of corporate governance and social responsibility. Routledge.
Burke, R.J., 2014. Corporate wellness programs: an overview. Corporate wellness programs:
Linking employee and organizational health, pp.3-27.
Chandler, D. and Werther, W.B., 2014. Strategic corporate social responsibility: Stakeholders,
globalization, and sustainable value creation. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
Clark, G.L. and Viehs, M., 2014. The implications of corporate social responsibility for
investors: An overview and evaluation of the existing CSR literature. Available at SSRN
2481877.
Keightley, M.P. and Sherlock, M.F., 2014. The Corporate Income Tax System: Overview and
Options for Reform.
Manacorda, S., Centonze, F. and Forti, G., 2014. Preventing Corporate Corruption. The Anti-
Bribery Compliance Model.
Nasir and et. al., 2015. Corporate social responsibility: An overview from Malaysia. Journal of
Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences.4(10). pp.82-87.
Wang and et. al., 2016. Corporate social responsibility: An overview and new research
directions: Thematic issue on corporate social responsibility.
Online-
CSR Definition. 2013. [Online]. Available Through :<https://research-methodology.net/csr-
definition>.
Corporate Social Responsibility. 2019.[Online]. Avaialble Through
:<https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319036439_Corporate_Social_Responsibility_A_Lit
erature_Review>