Cough and Lachrymal Toxicology Dysfunction
Added on 2021-04-17
8 Pages1550 Words109 Views
Running head: COUGH AND LACHRYMAL TOXICOLOGYCough and Lachrymal ToxicologyName of StudentName of UniversityAuthor Note
1COUGH AND LACHRYMAL TOXICOLOGYCough Poison- Chlorine gasChlorine in gaseous form is a known respiratory aggravator, which can moderatelydissolve in water and cause acute patho-physiological condition. This condition irritates bothupper as well as lower pulmonary tract. People who are occupationally bound to be exposed tochlorine gas are at the most risk of exposure and poisoning. The clinical manifestations ofchlorine gas poisoning include, respiratory deficiency, difficulty in breathing and vigorouscoughing. The lungs examinations reveal crackles and wheezing sounds (Massa et al. 2014).Chlorine gas is known to irritate lungs, nose and throat which makes it difficult for the patient.Severe doses of chlorine gas can also be absorbed into the skin and cause chemical burns, induceeye infection, lacrimation and conjunctivitis. The affected person may also show symptomswhich induce nausea followed by vomiting and headache. Depending on the severity of the gasexposure the patient may also be susceptible to convulsive wheezing episodes, phlegm inducedcoughing and asthmatic symptoms. Inhalation of the chlorine gas is followed by diffusion into epithelial lining fluid (ELF)of the epithelial tissues of the respiratory tract. Chlorine has the ability to oxidise smallmolecules like proteins, lipids and amino acids and cause permanent damage (White and Martin2010). Hydrolysis reaction of these molecules can give rise to formation of hypochlorous andhydrochloric acid causes’ cellular necrosis by generating reactive oxygen species. Thesecompounds can be generated from the ionic products of chlorine and destroys tissues or evenorgans.
2COUGH AND LACHRYMAL TOXICOLOGYFig 1: Airway injury due to chlorine inhalationSource: (White and Martin 2010)The treatment of chlorine gas poisoning is to provide a supportive intensive care bycommencing oxygen supplement in a concentrated humid condition according to the severity ofthe situation. Reducing the risk of oedema in the pulmonary tract can be done by commencingrestriction of fluid and diuretics. PEEP or positive end-expiratory pressure is maintained byrestricting the airway passage pressure above atmospheric pressure, is administered to patientswho do not have inflammation induced pulmonary tract. Bronchodilators as well as β-2 blockerscan dilate the cardiac vessels and inhibit the spasming of the bronchial muscles (Agency forToxic Substances & Disease Registry| CDC, 2014). Lidocaine nebulizer needs to be commencedto reduce the analgesic condition and minimize the coughing. This will clear the air passageway.
End of preview
Want to access all the pages? Upload your documents or become a member.
Related Documents
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorderlg...
|13
|2070
|169
Oxygen therapy in the pulmonary artery to lower the hypoxic condition in the pulmonary arterylg...
|1
|646
|260
Understanding Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)lg...
|2
|577
|103
Control of adult smoking inhalation injury in crisislg...
|4
|712
|369