Impact of COVID-19 on Employee Health and Safety Practices in Hospitality: A Study on Landmark London

This research study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on employee health and safety practices in the hospitality sector, with a focus on Landmark London. It aims to understand the different health and safety practices of hospitality and recommend appropriate strategies to implement them.

Research Project

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...............................................................................................................4
RESEARCH TITLE: TO INVESTIGATE THE IMPACT OF COVID19 ON EMPLOYEE'S
HEALTH AND SAFETY PRACTICES AT HOSPITALITY. A STUDY ON LANDMARK
LONDON.........................................................................................................................................5
CHAPTER:1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................5
Research background...................................................................................................................5
Aim: To understand the effects of COVID-19 on the health and safety practices and policies of
hospitality sector. A study on Landmark London........................................................................5
Research Objectives.....................................................................................................................5
Research Questions......................................................................................................................5
Research rationale........................................................................................................................6
Research Scope............................................................................................................................6
Overview of research methodology.............................................................................................6
Chapter preview...........................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER:2 Literature Review......................................................................................................7
Theme:1 Impact of Covid 19 on hospitality sector......................................................................7
Theme:2 Covid19 impact on employee health............................................................................7
Theme:3 Different practices of health and safety at hospitality..................................................8
CHAPTER:3 REASEARCH METHODOLOGY...........................................................................9
Research type...............................................................................................................................9
Research design...........................................................................................................................9
Research approach.......................................................................................................................9
Research philosophy..................................................................................................................10
Data collection...........................................................................................................................10
Data analysis..............................................................................................................................10
Sampling....................................................................................................................................11
Ethical Consideration.................................................................................................................11
Research limitation....................................................................................................................11

Reliability and validity...............................................................................................................11
.......................................................................................................................................................11
CHAPTER:4 ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS................................................................................12
CHAPTER:5 RECOMMENDATION...........................................................................................21
CHAPTER:6 CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................21
REFLECTION...............................................................................................................................22
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................23

ABSTRACT
Covid19 pandemic is one of the most challenging crisis which impacted overall world in definite
manner. The pandemic puts the great impact on the hospitality industry where it leads the
organization to face major challenges in regard to economical and operational as well. The report
has included the 6 chapters where it includes research proposal, literature review, research
methodologies, findings and analysis, recommendation, conclusion and reflection part.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank my educator who helped me a lot to complete the research study in definite
manner where they also supported me in terms of time and encouragement which is most
valuable for me. Also, I would also like to thank my friends, seniors and research team for
sharing the useful content that helps me in completing my thesis project. My appreciation also
goes to my family members who have shown their trust in me and supported me in completing
my studies.

RESEARCH TITLE: TO INVESTIGATE THE IMPACT OF COVID19 ON
EMPLOYEE'S HEALTH AND SAFETY PRACTICES AT HOSPITALITY. A
STUDY ON LANDMARK LONDON.
CHAPTER:1 INTRODUCTION
Research background
The recent pandemic Covid19 is a dynamic and crucial challenges for the entire global world
where it has lead to obtain the economical disturbances. Each and every individual and business
association gets impacted in wider manner and leads them to obtain difficulties and issues. One
of the business of hospitality industry also get adversely affected during the pandemic which
created operational challenges to the hotel industry to shut down their business organization. In
general, the hospitality industry play a huge role in contributing the world in economical way
where each country has suffered from different challenges (Gupta and Goplani, 2020). The hotel
industry gets impacted badly where they suffer from difficulties in their operational tasks,
logistics, supply chain management and entire management. The current research study will
discuss the issues and challenges the hospitality sector suffered during the pandemic where the
study in conducted on hotel named Landmark London situated at London, UK. It will discuss the
impact of Covid19 on employee health and safety factors and provides appropriate results.
Aim: To understand the effects of COVID-19 on the health and safety practices and policies of
hospitality sector. A study on Landmark London.
Research Objectives
 To understand the impact of Covid19 crisis on hospitality industry.
 To identify the importance of health and safety of employee for business performance.
 To investigate the different health and safety practices of hospitality.
 To recommand the appropriate strategies in providing the different safety measures to the
employee in hospitality.
Research Questions
 How Covid19 has impacted the overall hospitality performance?
 What are the effects of Covid19 on employee health?
 How crisis management can help in overcoming the health and safety issues in hospitality

 What are the recommendation to implement the health and safety measures among
employee of Landmark London?
Research rationale
The reason behind choosing this topic is to bring the knowledge about the Covid19 impact on the
health and safety of the employee which is important for the better performance of the
hospitality. In this research, it has been considered that Covid19 crisis has widely impacted the
health of the employee from which they are not able to contribute their est efforts to increase the
overall performance of the hospitality (Michelozzi, de’Donato, Scortichini and et.al., 2020).
Health and safety measure will improve the employee health and can be able to move forward to
achieve the hospitality goals.
Research Scope
The topic health and safety polices due to covid19 is a wide and huge analytical areas it brings
the awareness among people to understand the different policies and its impact on the hospitality
industry. Therefore, it is important to be carried out the appropriate research on the specified
topic.
Overview of research methodology
The current research study is based on the primary sources from where the researcher can be able
to collect and gather the information in relevant and appropriate manner and can conduct the
study effectively. The primary data is collected from the questionnaire sources where the
members of the hotel Landmark London will participate. Also, the research will utilize the
qualitative research strategy and inductive approach for the better data and information
collection.
Chapter preview
The present research study includes the six chapters where the first chapter is introduction part
which includes the research aim, objective, rationale, research question and scope. The second
chapter introduces the literature review where it involves the argument between the authors
about the theme which has been made to discuss the relevant issues (Frühbeck, Baker, Busetto,
and et.al., 2020). However, the third chapter highlights the research methodologies where it
covers the different techniques and strategies which is selected by the researcher to conduct the
research in effective manner. Furthermore, the chapter analysis and finding will take place to
implement the appropriate interpretation of the finding and highlights the questionnaire. At last,

there is a chapter which includes the critical appraisal, recommendation for the research work
and covers the conclusion and reflection part in definite manner.
CHAPTER:2 Literature Review
Theme:1 Impact of Covid 19 on hospitality sector
According to, (Li, Ghosh and Nachmias, 2020)it has been stated that the recent pandemic
Covid19 has been known by everyone from child age to older age group of people where it
affected the entire world in crucial manner. The Covid19 pandemic has impacted the people
health, decrease in economic rates, a huge impact on business field, industries and even many
organizations which leads the economy of the entire world at decreasing manner. However, the
hospitality sector also get affected badly and dynamically in the period of Covid19 where it
harms and business of the hospitality in wider manner. The author has said that hospitality
industry provides the accommodation and travel services to the people from where the guest and
customers can be able to enjoy and satisfy the needs and desires in definite manner but the
pandemic has made the government to implement the lock down in each and every state and
country to reduce the risk of getting affected of this viral disease from where the business of
hospitality leads to obtain huge loses and weakened productivity.
Alternately, (Nicastri, D’Abramo, Faggioni nd et.al., 2020) said that not only hospitality
sector has been impacted by the pandemic where small to small and large to large business
association get affected by the Covid19 and obtained poor results and outcome. As, it has been
known that this is a natural disaster where nobody can control this natural disturbance but human
being is required to take precaution in definite manner from where they cannot be able to get
harm in heavily manner. The organizations who was already prepared for any risk and
disturbance has protected and saved their business in effective manner where the hospitality
industry also should adopt some strategies for the betterment of their business.
Theme:2 Covid19 impact on employee health
As per the view of (Nakat and Bou-Mitri, 2021), it has identified that after the recent
pandemic each and individual person should adopt some health and safety practices at the
organization and workplace so that they can be able to get protected and secured themselves
from this kind of harmful disease. The Covid19 has impacted employee health physically and
mentally in both manner. The hospitality industry is required to understand the importance of
cleanliness and hygienic where it can enable their employee health and business performance in

definite manner. After the pandemic, people are more aware about their health and safety areas
where the hospitality organization named Landmark London has to adopt some effective and
appropriate practices in regard to manage the health and safety areas at their hospitality.
Similarly, (Young, Kolcz, O’Sullivan and et.al., 2021) has been agreed with the view of
above mentioned author that the hospitality industry is now required to keep their much focus on
the health and safety areas of their workplace as it has impacted the employee health in wider
manner and required to adopt some measures from where they can be able to increase their
business growth and development in effective manner. The Covid19 has taught the entire world
that human is required to keep their attention towards their health and safety areas so that they
can be able to improve and increase their productivity level and can increase the customer
satisfaction as well. It is important for the hospitality sectors to adopt the different health and
safety practices so that they can be able to reduce the accidents of the employee and customer in
definite manner from where they also will be able to increase their reputation and image which
helps them to attract the customer efficiently.
Theme:3 Different practices of health and safety at hospitality
(Menon, Rajendran, Chandrachud and Setlur, 2020), has said that using the different
health and safety practices at the hospitality will provide the effective results and outcome to the
organization and can improve the performance of the hospitality in better order. The author
stated that it will provide the advantage of reducing risk at the place from where the employee
will be able to stay at the hospitality for longer period. However, it lower down the employee
absence and turnover rates from which the hospitality can be able to grow and develop
effectively at the market field. The Covid19 has made realized to each and every kind of
business to take the actions in regard to health and safety from which they can be able to increase
their productivity level in successful manner.
Likewise, the (Bahmanyar, Estebsari and Ernst, 2020) agreed that implementation of the
health and safety practices at the hospitality sector will help and support the organization to
improve their working areas and also can satisfy the customer requirements. After the pandemic,
the customer always looks for the places which are safe and follows hygienic measures so that
they can stay healthy and fit from which the customers can be satisfied in definite manner. Also,
it will provide the better reputation for corporate responsibility which develops the productivity
at increasing manner. Thus, implementation of the health and safety practices enable the

organization growth in definite manner. This industry can utilize the mask and sanitizers at their
place and proper cleanliness which can provide the good results and can maintained the image of
the hospitality.
CHAPTER:3 REASEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research type
Research type is a strategy of step by step planning of action which has been utilized by
the researcher to conduct the study in effective manner. In other terms, it is methodological
rapport which illustrate which type of data has been used to perform the study. There are two
types of research type: qualitative and quantitative where the qualitative research type collect the
data and information in theoretical manner and quantitative method includes the statistical and
numerical form of data (Beland, Brodeur, Mikola and et.al., 2022). The present research study
will use the qualitative form of research type as it provides the study in detailed and brief
manner.
Research design
The research design refers where the researcher select and chooses the logical form of
method to collect the data and information. Research design is consisted into two factors:
exploratory and descriptive. The exploratory research design defines where the researcher is able
to conduct the research for identifying the issue which is not clearly defined. However, the
descriptive design refers as the data has been collected in systematic manner and can explain the
particular situation in valid manner (Zajacova, Jehn, Stackhouse and et.al., 2020). The current
study will use the exploratory form of design as it usually cost lower than the other research
design method.
Research approach
A set of plan and procedures to collect the data and information in appropriate manner
along with a brief analysis, interepretation and methods (Djiofack, Dudu and Zeufack, 2020).
Research design is segmented majorly into two areas: inductive and deductive where the
inductive approach is applied when the qualitative research method has been used by the
researcher from where the theoretical generation can be applied. Thus, the deductive research
design is based on quantitative research approach where they provide the result through existing
theory and observation. The present research study is going to use the inductive research
approach as it do not bound the time of the data collection and gathering.

Research philosophy
It is a belief in a way where the data collection and gathering has been analysed and used
by the researcher to perform appropriate research study. There are mainly two types of research
philosophies named as interpritivism and positivism. The interpretivism research philosophy is
based on the principle which enable the researcher to observe the social world. On other side, the
positivism philosophy view only the valid information which can be achieved from the
observation (Que, Le Shi, Liu and et.al., 2020). The current research study will use the
interpritivism research philosophy as it provides the truthful data and information to the
investigator.
Data collection
A process of the gathering and collecting the appropriate amount of data from different
resources is known as data collection method. It is important for the researcher to adopt this data
collection factor to provide the result in effective manner. The data collection is of two types:
primary and secondary where the primary data collection includes the interviews, focus groups,
surveys and questionnaire (Wang, Pan, Wan and et.al., 2020). Thus, on another side, the
secondary data collection defines as the data collection through such sources which are already
written and identified by someone else such as books and journals. The current research study
uses the primary data collection method as it helps in filling the gaps and can provide the
updated data.
Data analysis
A process of collection of the data and information for getting the better conclusion of the
research study. There are majorly two types of data analysis method: thematic and SPSS. The
thematic method analysis the qualitative form of information where they find the data and set to
analyse and find the repeated patterns and also supports the interpretation for the selection of the
themes (Tan, Meyer, Neill and et.al., 2020). Whereas, the SPSS method is based on quantitative
form of data collection in statistical manner and can conduct the study in relevant order. The
present research study will use the thematic analysis because it analysis the qualitative data
which is essential for setting up the grouping.

Sampling
Sampling is the process of selecting the people to collect the relevant information to
conduct the study in appropriate manner. This sampling process can be done in two ways:
probabilistic which is also known as random sampling and non-probabilistic manner. Random
sampling of all sample size have equal opportunity to share their perspective while non-
probabilistic have no certainty that each sample will get possibility to share their views. In the
current research study, the 40 employee of the hospitality organization will be randomly selected
by the research for the questionnaire.
Ethical Consideration
In research, a researcher is required to adopt and follow the ethics in definite manner
from where the study can be conduct in appropriate manner. Ethical consideration is a set of
principles where it is essential for research to follow (Roy, Singh, Mishra and et.al., 2021). In the
current research study, the research maintain the data privacy where the consent form has been
provided to the participant which shows their views in willingness to part in questionnaire. The
researcher will also mention the number of references which will show that the research study is
not copied and plagiarized.
Research limitation
A research study which comes in form of limited time area, unavailability of resources
and financial resources. Due to this, the research is not able to conduct the study in quantitative
manner. Thus, the scholar articles has been chosen for solving the resource's unavailability as the
time and money is efficient.
Reliability and validity
When the research is foremost to be reliable and validated. Reliability is the process of
measuring the consistency and validity to measure the accuracy. However, this current study is
collected from reliable resources that are published in 2017 (Owen, Conroy, Taub and et.al.,
2021). Secondary data is collected from the published copyright or peer reviewed sources which
accounts the reliability and validity of the data.

CHAPTER:4 ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
The chapter data analysis highlights the research design variables, sample selection and
data analysis which is used for gathering the useful information from the data from where the
researcher can make the better decision based on the analysis. In this chapter, the pictorial
presentation of the data is present I the form of graphs that will help the researcher to achieve the
aim of the study in definite manner.
Theme 1: Importance of health and safety
Do you understand the importance of health
and safety at workplace?
Respondents
Yes 22
No 18
Total 40
28%
23%
50% Yes
No
Total

Interpretation
From the above mentioned graph, the question has been asked in regard to health and
safety concept where the participant has shown their interest in options. Accordingly, 22
participant has stated their view and express their opinion that they are able to understand the
concept of the health and safety at the workplace from where the hospitality industry can be able
to increase their productivity in definite manner. However, on alternative side 18 participants has
argued and said that they do not consider and understand the concept and effectiveness of the
health and safety at the hospitality and stated that it is not compulsory for them to adopt and put
the major concern of this particular subject.
Theme 2: Major challenges at hospitality during Covid19.
According to you, what are the major
challenge hospitality industry faced during
the Covid19?
Respondents
Operational 11
Financial 15
Retention 5
Health and safety 9

Interpretation
It has been analysed from the above mentioned graph where the question and opinion has
been asked from the participant where the question has been asked in regard to major challenges
which hospitality industry faced during the Covid19 pandemic. As per the question asked, 11
number of people have stated that the hospitality industry has faced the challenges majorly in
operational areas whereas 15 people have raised the opinion in regard to financial area.
Similarly, 5 participant has given their view where they said that hospitality has get challenges
widely in retention of the employee and 9 people have given their views where they described
that organization has faced the challenges in maintaining the health and safety at the workplace.
Theme 3: Measures which hospitality organization used to manage the health and safety.
What measures does hospitality industry
used to manage the health and safety during
pandemic at your workplace?
Respondents
Usage of tools and machine 15
Reducing of physical interaction 15
Using PPE and safe distancing 10
Total 40
28%
38%
13%
23%
Operational
Financial
Retention
Health and safety

Interpretation
With the help of the above graph, it is interpreted that the question has been asked the
participants and collects their views where 15 participant has said that using the tools and
machineries can help the hospitality to manage the health ans safety at the organization where on
another side, 15 number of people said reducing of the physical interaction will allow the
employee to not get infected. However, 10 employees of the London Landmark hospitality stated
that using PPR kits and social distancing is more beneficial for obtaining the health and safety
and provides better results.
Theme 4: Impact on business function due to pandemic.
How Covid19 has impacted the overall
business function?
Respondents
Inventory loss 12
Decrease in profitability 15
Improved cost of budget for health and safety
measure
13
Total 40
19%
19%
13%
50%
Usage of tools and
machine
Reducing of physical
interaction
Using PPE and safe
distancing
Total

Interpretation
It has been concluded from the above performed graph that Covid19 has put the great
impact on the overall business function where the participant has expressed their views. The
question asked from the employee or participant in relation to impact of covid19 on business
function where 12 participant has said that it has putted the impact and provided the inventory
loss whereas 15 number of people argued that the pandemic has lead the hospitality to obtain the
decrease in profitability. Thus, 13 people have said that hospitality obtained the impact on their
budgetary due to maintenance of health ans safety measures.
Theme 5: Statement on covid19 put the different challenge at hospitality.
Do you agree that covid19 has provided
different challenges for the hospitality
industry?
Respondents
Yes 35
No 5
Total 40

Interpretation
From the above graph, where the researched has asked from the participants where they
asked that covid19 has lead the hospitality industry to obtain different challenges where 35
number of people agreed with this statement as they said the Covid19 has affected their overall
business function and lead the company to obtain different kinds of challenges and issues during
the period. However, 5 number of people have said that pandemic did not affect and provided the
challenges in the hospitality industry in wider manner as many and different business
organization gets more impacted than hospitality.
Theme 6: Organizational business was running profitable before pandemic.
Was your organizational business running
profitably prior to lock-down?
Respondents
Yes 30
No 5
Don’t know 5
Total 40
44%
6%
50% Yes
No
Total

Interpretation
According to the above mentioned graph, it has been asked by the participant by the
researcher about the organizational profitability prior to lock-down implementation where the
members or employee of the hospitality has shared their views and opinions. However, 30
participant has agreed the with this particular statement that the hospitality was in profit before
the lock-down due to Covid19 whereas, 5 people have disagreed with the statement and stated
alternatively. Along with this, 5 number of people said they do not know about this statement in
definite manner. The majority of the people agreed with the statement.
Theme 7 : Measures for opening the hotel again after the pandemic.
What is your organisation's reopening
measures for opening the hotel again?
Respondents
Health screening 12
Putting up signage at all elevator entrances 10
Developing policies for appropriate use of
personal protective equipment
8
Infection response 10
Total 40

Interpretation
From the above mentioned graph, it has been analysed by the researcher where they
asked from the employee about the hospitality organization reopening measures which the
hospitality is using for opening the hotel again. In regard to this statement, 12 people have raised
their opinion towards the health screening process which help the management to manage the
health and safety at workplace. However, 10 participant shared their views to develop the
policies for correct usage of PPE kits and 8 members has said to put the signboards at the
elevator entrances which will provide the information. Thus, 10 number of people stated the use
of infection response from where the hospitality industry can maintain the health and safety and
can reopen their hotel again.
Theme 8: Suggestion to overcome the operational challenges.
Suggest some strategies to overcome the Respondents
12
10
8
10
40
Health screening
Putting up signage at all
elevator entrances
Developing policies for
appropriate use of
personal protective
equipment
Infection response
Total

operational challenges at the hospitality
London Landmark.
Utilisation of technology for marketing 15
Training and development 10
Development of right team 10
Proper communication to reduce conflicts 5
Total 40
Interpretation
It is concluded from the above mentioned graph that it becomes important to adopt some
relevant strategies to overcome the operational challenges at the hospitality from where the
organization can be able to obtain definite results. However, 15 participant has said that using the
technology for marketing will allow the organization to reduce the operational challenges
whereas 10 people have said that a proper implementation of training and development will
allow the hospitality industry to overcome the challenges. Alternatively, 10 participants has
stated the developing the right team will also help the hospitality to reduce the challenges and 5
19%
13%
13%
6%
50%
Utilisation of technology
for marketing
Training and
development
Development of right
team
Proper communication
to reduce conflicts
Total

members has told that a proper communication will help the organization to reduce the conflicts
and overcome the operational challenges.
CHAPTER:5 RECOMMENDATION
The hospitality industry has been impacted widely in the covid19 circumstances from
where the organization has faced different economical and operational challenges which they are
required to overcome in definite manner (Barten, Latten and Van Osch, 2020). The above
mentioned report has concluded the issue in regard to covid19 impact where the health and
safety practices is required essentially to be followed and implemented from where the employee
and staff members of the hospitality can be able to get not affected by the disease in effective
way (Mirabelli, Chiefari, Puccio, Foti and Brunetti, 2020). However, it has been recommended
that the hospitality industry London Landmark has to adopt some measures and strategies to
overcome the challenges in context of operational and economical areas where the hospitality
industry can grow and develop again in definite manner.
Also, the organization is required to adopt some effective health and safety practices like
utilization of PPE kits, sanitizers and wearing of mask from where the employee can be able to
get protected from affecting themselves from the viral disease. Along with this, the hospitality
industry also should maintain the social distancing which also help and support the organization
in effective manner (Tu, Gao, Shao, and et.al., 2020). However, the researcher has used the
primary form of method to collect the data and information where the survey is also organized by
the research at the hospitality where the employee of the London Landmark hotel has shared
their views and opinion in regard to some questions asked by researcher whereas the researcher
also can use the secondary form of method which will make them to acquire less time and
appropriate form of data. Also, the researcher has got the limitation of resources and time
efficiency where the researcher has fulfilled this gap by using the scholar articles which allowed
them to obtain less time and less usage of resources.
CHAPTER:6 CONCLUSION
The above mentioned report has concluded the importance of the health and safety at the
workplace due to impact of the Covid19 pandemic which affects the employee health and safety
performance. The research study has been conducted by the researcher where it has provided the

brief description of the Covid19 pandemic impact on health areas of the employee of the
hospitality industry. A researcher has created aim and objectives, rationale, research questions,
overview of methodologies, background of the study or a research proposal. Also, the research
has described the argument between the author in relation to the theme and also mentioned the
different strategies and tactics to collect the information and data in definite manner. Thus, the
researcher has also performed the critical analysis where the questionnaire and interpretation has
been done in proper manner. At last, the report has included the recommendation and a reflection
part where recommendation will allow the hospitality industry to grow and develop effectively
and reflection part will describe the experience of the research while conducting the research
study.
REFLECTION
Health and safety at the hospitality is very important for me to understand this topic in
definite manner as it will allow me to grab the appropriate amount of knowledge and education.
However, while conducting the research I was very nervous at first as I did not do any research
project previously. This project was my first research project where I face different experiences
which provides the different type of education and knowledge to me and help me to improve my
many skills. I learned that I need to improve my researching skill and ability as during the
creation of research project I lead to obtain difficulties in gathering the data and information in
definite manner whereas I also obtained issue in communication skill as during the survey I was
not able to interact with the employee in effective way but after some time I approach and
interacted with the employee effectively.

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