Crime Reduction & Community Safety

This document discusses crime reduction strategies and community safety. It explores the recording of crimes by police and the Crime Survey for England & Wales (CSEW). The impact of crime on victims and communities is analyzed, considering both short-term and long-term effects. The philosophy of community policing and associated legislation is explained. The benefits of multi-agency policing since the 1997 New Labour government are explored. Finally, the effectiveness of a local and national crime reduction strategy in increasing community safety and/or fear of crime is evaluated.

Crime Reduction &
Community Safety

TABLE OF CONTENT...............................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
SECTION 1 RECORDING CRIME............................................................................................................3
1.How do police record crimes and how does this differ from the Crime Survey for England & Wales
(CSEW)...................................................................................................................................................3
2.Analyse strengths and weaknesses of using police recorded crime and CSEW to measure crime rates
accurately................................................................................................................................................4
SECTION 2 The Philosophy of Community Policing.................................................................................6
3.The impact of crime on victims and communities, considering both short term and long term impacts
.................................................................................................................................................................6
4. Explain the philosophy of community policing and associated legislation..........................................7
5.Explore the benefits of multi-agency policing since the 1997 New Labour government......................8
SECTION 3 Effectiveness of Crime Reduction Strategies..........................................................................8
6. Identify one local and one national crime reduction strategy and evaluate their effectiveness in
increasing community safety and/or fear of crime...................................................................................8
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................10
REFERENCE............................................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Crime reduction in community safety at the methods through which the effective
strategies are being made in order to prevent the crime and control all the criminal activities that
are being taking in the society. It is important that all the crime reduction measures are being
taken place as to maintain the safer and proper environment in the areas and also to give the
proper lifestyle for the entire person in the society (Ceccato, and Loukaitou-Sideris, 2020). In
order to enhance the community safety there are various methods which the police in various
crime control areas used to take place. There are various technologies in all the groups that are
being assigned to reduced ongoing crimes and all the methods which can persistently make the
crime vulnerable. In this report there will be certain procedures that are being adopted by police
and the crime surveys with their further impacts on victims and communities and also the long-
term and short-term methods with all their local and national crime reduction strategies.
SECTION 1 RECORDING CRIME
1.How do police record crimes and how does this differ from the Crime Survey for England &
Wales (CSEW).
While any crime is being conducted police used to record all such issues in the matters in
order to maintain the public safety and welfare as the recording by police officer is being made
as follows:
 Either by getting the incident through the victim or any of the witness was being present
over there.
 The crime can also be recorded by the police if they themselves discover that crime or
any illegal activity which has taken place as a criminal incident.
 Police can also refer the crimes if their other agencies or any social services areas used to
refer the crimes to the police station in order to make that incident avail being clear to all.
 The crime can also be recorded by the police officer if it is being related to the
supervision areas of the police or in the according of priorities of resources that are being
available on the incident log within the time (Cozens, and Love 2017).

 Police can also record all the crimes through the telephonic conversation if there has been
made any calls by any of the victim or the witness or any other family member or an
unknown through which the crime which has been affecting the social service or any area
of the community is being made.
All the crime survey for England and Wales (CSEW) are being recorded by the members
over there is not just various crime and all the events which used to create any illegal activities
they cover the measures in it(De Biasi, and Circo, 2021).
 As in CSEW the members over there do not need any victim to raise the crime incident
but they thereby reach there through the various groups members of society in order to
help the victims and to avoid a crime with this article manner.
 They also include a crime which are not being recorded by the police officers and are
being just in case were made effect on the society.
 The identification of the crime is being made by various programs in the methods that
helps to reach out the customer in need there are various surveys and all the police
records with the data that is being collected by CSEW through which the count out
through systematic study of victims and the effects of the range of crimes which are
being covered.
The major difference between the police record crimes and the CSEW is that police only used to
get into the crimes that are being came towards them by any call by through the victim or
through any other means whereas, all the CSEW can avail and take all the crimes to be seriously
made and recorded which are being performed in the society and also being recorded by the
police (Fisher, Higgins, and Homer, 2021).The police cannot just take actions on all the crimes
as they were not being recorded but CSEW can take out the survey and make all the necessary
actions through it.
2.Analyse strengths and weaknesses of using police recorded crime and CSEW to measure
crime rates accurately.
The main strength which is being analyzed in order to measure the crime rates through
police record and CSEW is:

 As when the crimes are being recorded by the witness and the victims it helps out to
know that suffering and also to get the details accurately through which the crime can
thereby be reduced (Loeffler, and Bovaird2020).
 All such crimes when being recorded helps out to overcome the problems in the society
and to remove threats and fears by giving the punishment to the culprit.
Certain crime and prevention and all the law in force meant were being held out to take
an immediate action after being recording the crime through CSEW or the police.
 It helps out to reveal the crime and also to know the effectiveness of policing in the
society and heads to overcome the threat and maintain a peaceful environment in all the
areas by reducing the risk factors.
 It pertains to maintain to tackle all the crime hotspot areas by CSEW and also after the
recording is being made the police force can also perform their duties in a proper manner.
Weakness
 All the data collection and the police recording used to create a major effect as through
the regulations and all the governing bodies in the criminal acts which are been
committed used to create a negative impact on the society.
 As for serving the public interest and for all the changes in government policies in the
crime which are being committed against the woman or the minority groups used to
affect the society and also maintain the effect on all the sociological groups in areas.
 CSEW as times used to go door to door in order to know about the victim and the Crime
which is being committed with them at times it create a shame and embarrassment with
certain fear inside the victim in all this creates a heavy impact on the people and the
victim who has suffered (Measor, and Squires, 2017).
 All such recordings in the measures of recording the crimes at times result to create a
target on the people and the population where the false information in all the exaggerated
responses are being covered and affected.

SECTION 2 The Philosophy of Community Policing
3.The impact of crime on victims and communities, considering both short term and long term
impacts.
The victims of the crimes usually suffer various injuries and effects that are usually the
long-term and short-term effects which impart them to lead them towards the inconvenience
and all the damage of their image in the society various short-term effects are as follows:
 All the inconvenience due to damage in the property or the theft which has been taken
place (Natarajan, Schmuhl, Sudula, and Mandala, 2017).
 Various physical injuries when the violent crime is being conducted with them.
The guilt and the feeling of the crime which has been taken place with the victim and the
inferiority complex in the behavior and manner.
 A feeling of rational anxiety, anger, fear and depression and with that various flashbacks
of the offences and all the sleepless nights that the person used to suffer after the crime is
being conducted.
There are certain long-term effects which used to take place after the crime is been conducted
with the victim they are as follows:
 The victim used to get limited to words a social work life and also there will be a change
in their lifestyle as they used to avoid all the places in the fear of the crime being
conducted with them because of all the unease and the traumatic stress which they are
going through.
 As extra crime prevention measures are being taken by all the victims and they used to
think about all such events with normal activities too.
 Some time some of the crime activities used to make the victim suffered a major and
severe problem India physical health which cannot be attained all together like a normal
life.

 The family and the close members of the victims also feel certain insecurities in the utter
shock to the crime that is being conducted by the victim and that affect their mental
health as well as the daily lifestyle.
 There were so many psychological and social effects which used to take place with the
victims in the tech years to cure and creator psychiatric disorder in a person and its
mental health.
Thus, there are several short-term and long-term effects which the victim used to face while
they were being a part of any incident or any criminal activity in all of these create a major
impact on the personal life and also on the health of the person as it protects them from all the
social and mental well-being and place them in utter shock which take years to get normal
(Ratcliffe, J., 2018)
4. Explain the philosophy of community policing and associated legislation
Community policing is mainly done in force meant of law which helps out to operate a
strong bond with all the citizens who have been living in that area. All such community policing
used to allow the public safety in the officers local residents through which all the crimes can be
prevented and the incidents which can occur can be removed. It helps out all the local areas to
feel secure by the help of local police department, and also build a trust between the law in force
meant in all the resident area people (Ridgeway, and et.al., 2019).
The community policing helps to give out the accurate information regarding all the
criminal activities which are being taken place in the community. And through which all the
needs and the requirements which certain expectations can be prioritized by the police regarding
the public safety. The most important legislation which are being used are the criminal
investigation areas with all the certain police patrol and NIH police to reductions through which
certain community policing can be maintained.
There are certain community policing act which used to help out through all the issues
which are being raised in it and helps to maintain the relationship between the law-enforcement
and all the communities within the citizens and the officers to keep the environment protected
with massive protection and security in all the areas. All the police when thereby come out to

help the community through various telephonic menu mediums and also by the cultural and all
the other activities in order to secure the communities and the environment of residential areas
and to make the people free and safe.
5.Explore the benefits of multi-agency policing since the 1997 New Labour government.
The multi agency policing is mainly all the sectors which used to work together with
police in order to control the criminal activities in the regions. They are usually the private sector
agencies which used to collaborate with police in order to secure the society and to remove the
crime from various means (Schnell, Grossman,and Braga, 2019).
The aim is how to maintain the investigation in all the areas and control and access the
relevant information about the crime which is being taken place in any of the local or national
level. As from the police record or through the various other means they try to get connected
with the victims and all the witnesses in order to reach to the criminal to get investigate about the
whole scenario in the matters. It implicates and provides all the nature in the working process as
being attained through the abuse, physical damage, criminal injury etc. Through which all
criminal activities being taken place. All such multiagency policing helps out to remove the
threat from society and to make it crime free by recording an investigating various means and
manners of the crime detection areas.
SECTION 3 Effectiveness of Crime Reduction Strategies
6. Identify one local and one national crime reduction strategy and evaluate their effectiveness in
increasing community safety and/or fear of crime.
The national crime prevention Strategy is being made in order to enable the government
to frame and address all the crimes which have been coordinated so that the government agencies
can draw their attention towards it and to maintain peace in deep civil society. It helps out to
develop the national programs and focus on serving the quality and to reduce the higher level of
crimes by maximizing the civil society in mobilizing in proper manner and also To sustain the
crime through variable means. The NCPS used to focus on prevention of crime by evaluating and

making the public campaigns for the effective prevention of crimes on state and local level. All
the NCPS tries to evaluate the crime which are being undertaken and through that used to focus
on various principles deal with various matters like corruption, child abuse or murder etc.
They include all the several crimes like the illegal immigrants, narcotics, intergroup
conflict, hijacking and many more the used to make various intelligence bureau is through which
all the service centre will fares are being made for the departments and organize all the meeting
for the crimes like the Important gender violence in the crime against a children’s are also being
targeted through them. The used to focus on the community values with environmental design
and all the transnational crimes that are important to be operated.
In all the local level crimes there has been seen that various communities and the firms are being
taken into the accord like the equalities and the human right commission and their various
enactment ought to be taken off (Tilley and Sidebottom 2017).
It used to consider all the statutory and voluntary awareness through which various union
and boards are being made which helps out in time awareness and to manage the crime reporting
through smart phones and various applications they promote the crime policing and also the
telephonic conversation in the crime reporting.
All the local level crimes works out to maintain the outcome the best result and to make
the safer environment for the society try to build and record the reports regarding the criminal
activities by hearing the consultation of the respondents they used to work for the city and try to
analyze all the problems that are being driving in all the local plans as to protect the society from
the high-risk and to promote it effectively so that no crime and any hotspot reason of crime can
take place. It also tries to build biggest training and awareness programs for the communities and
all local plans to reduce the victims from all the interventions and effective.
Thus, all the national low local level crimes are being made in order to protect the society and to
prevent it from further criminal activities and the aims out to remove the criminal hotspot regions
and identify the criminal activities by assessment and workout for all the antisocial behavior and
protect the victims in various ways

CONCLUSION
From this above report it is analyzed that crime reduction is the most important element
in the society as it helps out to maintain the proper working environment and also to improvise
the areas of working. Various process and procedure set up being adopted by police and the
crime survey through which the crime can be recorded. All the criminal activities effect and
impact the victim as they were not being able to play properly and it also affect the future the
growth and also in employment. Community policing helps out to lower the crime rate in all the
areas whereas local and national level crime reduction strategies help out to maintain the societal
balance and awareness regarding crime in several areas.
REFERENCE
Books and Journals
Ceccato, V. and Loukaitou-Sideris, A. eds., 2020. Transit crime and sexual violence in cities:
International evidence and prevention. Routledge.
Cozens, P. and Love, T., 2017. The dark side of crime prevention through environmental design
(CPTED). In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice.
De Biasi, A. and Circo, G., 2021. Capturing Crime at the Micro-place: A Spatial Approach to
Inform Buffer Size. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, pp.1-26.
Fisher, B.W., Higgins, E.M. and Homer, E.M., 2021. School crime and punishment and the
implementation of security cameras: Findings from a national longitudinal
study. Justice Quarterly, 38(1), pp.22-46.
Loeffler, E. and Bovaird, T., 2020. Assessing the impact of co-production on pathways to
outcomes in public services: the case of policing and criminal justice. International
Public Management Journal, 23(2), pp.205-223.
Measor, L. and Squires, P., 2017. Young People and Community Safety: Inclusion, Risk,
Tolerance and Disorder: Inclusion, Risk, Tolerance and Disorder.
Natarajan, M., Schmuhl, M., Sudula, S. and Mandala, M., 2017. Sexual victimization of college
students in public transport environments: A whole journey approach. Crime prevention
and community safety, 19(3), pp.168-182.
Ratcliffe, J., 2018. Reducing crime: A companion for police leaders. Routledge.
Ridgeway, and et.al., 2019. Effect of gang injunctions on crime: a study of Los Angeles from
1988–2014. Journal of quantitative criminology, 35(3), pp.517-541.

Schnell, C., Grossman, L. and Braga, A.A., 2019. The routine activities of violent crime places:
A retrospective case-control study of crime opportunities on street segments. Journal of
criminal justice, 60, pp.140-153.
Tilley, N. and Sidebottom, A. eds., 2017. Handbook of crime prevention and community safety.
Taylor & Francis.