The Criminal Justice System - PDF

Criminal Justice

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
P5. Presenting two primary agencies of criminal justice and their role and supporting
agencies.......................................................................................................................................2
P6 and M3: Measuring the effectiveness of the justice system.................................................4
P7 Use of statistics and data in measuring the justice and formulation of effective policy .....4
M4 and D2 Evaluation of different ways to measure the effectiveness of statistics and data...5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
The criminal justice system (CJS) delivers the justice to those who have committed
crime. This system includes a series of government agencies and institutions who have primary
goal of identification and catching of criminals and offenders and inflicting punishment on
them. Also, they have a goal of rehabilitation of the offenders and preventing them from
reoffending. The present report defines primary and supporting agencies under criminal system
and their roles. Along with this statistics and data related to crime are presented with their use
and effectiveness deliverance of criminal justice.
P5. Presenting two primary agencies of criminal justice and their role and supporting agencies
There are different agencies and institutions under the UK government to to deliver the
justice to criminals which are given priorities are per their roles and responsibilities under the
categorises of primary and support agencies. All of them are discussed beneath:
Two Primary of agencies of UK criminal justice system are:
Police is the body of officers which represented the civil authority of the government.
The police have responsibility to catch the offenders and maintaining the public order and safety.
They play a vital role under CJS where they enforce the law, prevent, detect and investigate the
criminal activities (Robinson, Pinchevsky and Guthrie, 2016). The police have a responsibility of
application of legal competent for enforcing coercive and non negotiable measure for resolving a
problematic situation.
Courts and the state have a primary duty of protecting the rights and liberties of its
people. To secure the innocent and punish the guilty. The courts are run by the judges whose role
is to ensure that the laws is being abided with and to oversee what actually happens in court. The
judges are given a responsibility to decide whether an offender under trial is guilty of the offence
or not (Rosenblatt, 2015). The judges accept or reject the less agreement, oversee trial and
sentence convicted offenders.
Supporting agencies under the criminal system of UK are:
Prison: is that place where a offered is being kept under the custody of prison authorities. Here
the criminal is put be certain specific restriction and is not allowed to move freely or go in the
community without permission of the court. The prison have a authority to hold the prisoner in

the custody and not letting the person break out from there to prevent the reoffending and secure
the society from such offences.
Youth Justice broad have a responsibility to oversee the youth offending teams. The teams are
given responsibility to particularity look into the offences committed by youth and young person.
The YJB's primary function is to monitor the operation of the youth justice system and the
provision of youth justice services.
National offender management services (Prison and prohibition) is carried on by Her
Majesty which is an exclusive agency of the ministry of justice having an responsibility of
correctional services in UK (Lavorgna and Sergi, 2016). This against is created with a purpose of
achieving a better balance between the prison population in UK and the resources available for
the correctional services. This agency is solely responsible in bringing in effectiveness and
correlation among the all other agency under the criminal justice system of UK.
Crown Prosecution Services are the one where the lawyers represent the offenders
innocent person in the courts in front of jury and judges. The lawyer are imposed with a
responsibility over deciding to take a criminal proceeding in the court and take it through the
court prosecution stage of trial. The lawyer prepare the helps in preparing the case fro court and
conduct persecutions to help in improvising the effectiveness and efficiency of the criminal
justice system.
The similarities of all of the primary and supporting agencies described above can be
stated as all of them falls under the ambit of criminal justice system of UK. With having different
responsibility they have a single task of protecting the crime and reducing the criminal offences.
The difference among them can be outlined as all of them haven been given separate
responsibility under the CJS (Hess, Orthmann and Cho, 2016). As police catch the offenders and
investigate a crime scene while the court have responsibility of sentencing a criminal to the jail
and impose fine on that person. The prison have responsibility to hold the criminal under the
custody and to rehabilitate them into community. On the other hand the youth justice board
have a role to prevent reoffenting of the adult and young offenders and assist them to lead a
good life free from criminal indulgence. Where as crown prosecution services are related with
lawyers where they are responsible for examining police, evidence, deciding whether to take

criminal proceeding through the stage of court prosecution or not. This is very clear that all the
agencies work in a hierarchy which start with the police and ends with rehabilitation or
prevention from reoffendings by the offenders.
P6 and M3: Measuring the effectiveness of the justice system
Crimes rates: for the year ended 2018 there is a 14% of increase in the criminal damages
to the vehicles which numbers to 811000. Rather there is fall in the arson by 21% which
numbered to 324000 offences. As per the data provided by CSEW there is no change seen in
the crime rate of domestic violence. The case of fraud for the years ended December 2018 were
3648000 offense with a rise of 12%. The cases of homicides also increased by 6% from 690 to
732. The offense related with robbery have also seen an ressentiment by 11% where police
recodes 82566 case of robbery (Crime in England and Wales: year ending December 2018,
2019). The case of sexual offences, where adults have faced sexual assaults raised by 0.7%.
Theft is another crime for which a hike of 2% is seen with a total number 242846 offences. For
the violence offence overall all no change have been recorder and police recorded 2% fall in
number of offences which were 6525. A rise of 6% is seen for the cases where use of knifes
and sharp objects have been made with total 40829 offences.
The data related with the domestic violence provided by police do not provide a reliable
measure of current trends. For the sexual offense most of the case of sexual abuse are not
reported as this involves a family member or a relative and police records do not present a
reliable measure of current trends. For some of the data the police figures can be not be
completely relied upon where some of the data is accurate. The recorded crime by police
provides a better measure of the more harmful but less conmen offences.
P7 Use of statistics and data in measuring the justice and formulation of effective policy
Form the above data and figures it can be clearly seen that the data is provided through
police records and the crime which have been reported to police. This data and statistics depict
the picture of crime rates and offences happening in the nation. The rise in the crime rat shows
the lower effectiveness of the police and justice system for crime preventions (Users (and Uses)
of Crime Statistics, 2019). The usage of this data is done by the government for statistical
analysis on crime and criminal justice system. This is used for effective implementation of anti

crime programs and protecting the well bring of the population and assessing the social impact of
public expenditure and policies. Statistical analysis is required to transform all these data into
useful information for effective criminal justice decision-making as well as policy research.
M4 and D2 Evaluation of different ways to measure the effectiveness of statistics and data
In the present essay the statistics and data on the criminal offences have been taken from
the government sites of office for national statistics form the segment of crimes in England and
Wales for the year ended December 2018 (Dunn, 2018). This is presented in the comparison
format by showing a increase or decrease in the rate of different crime from past year's data. The
effectiveness of this statistics is evaluate through comparison of the the criminal data from pat
year. Its effectiveness can be stated as with comparison a clear picture of the increase and
decrease in the number of c crime offences and perceptual can be seen. This depicts that how the
CJS have been performed implementation of criminal justice.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that the major importance agencies of under
criminal justice system are the police, courts crown prosecution services, prison and youth
justice broads. All the agencies have distinct roles and responsibilities including catching of
offender, sentencing punishment, holding in prison and rehabilitation and protecting from
reoffendnigs. Furthermore the data related with variolous crimes have been presented which
states that there is on significant change in overall level of crime for year ended December 2018
from previous year. This data assist the government in formulating polices over strict
application of justice law to reduce crimes.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Robinson, A. L., Pinchevsky, G.M. and Guthrie, J.A., 2016. Under the radar: policing non-violent
domestic abuse in the US and UK. International journal of comparative and applied
criminal justice. 40(3). pp.195-208.
Rosenblatt, F. F., 2015. The role of community in restorative justice. Routledge.
Lavorgna, A. and Sergi, A., 2016. Serious, therefore organised? A critique of the emerging"
cyber-organised crime" rhetoric in the United Kingdom. International Journal of Cyber
Criminology. 10(2). pp.170-187.
Hess, K. M., Orthmann, C. H. and Cho, H. L., 2016. Introduction to law enforcement and
criminal justice. Cengage Learning.
Dunn, J. L., 2018. Courting disaster: Intimate stalking, culture and criminal justice. Routledge.
Online
Crime in England and Wales: year ending December 2018. 2019. [Online]. Available
through :<https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/
bulletins/crimeinenglandandwales/yearendingdecember2018#latest-figures>.
Users (and Uses) of Crime Statistics. 2019. [Online]. Available through
:<https://www.nap.edu/read/23492/chapter/5>