This assignment examines the ongoing debate between positivism and classical theories in criminology. It argues that positivism offers a more realistic and practical approach by focusing on scientific methods and understanding criminal behavior through factors like psychology and genetics. The paper analyzes the strengths of positivism while addressing criticisms regarding determinism, pathology, and differentiation. It ultimately concludes that despite its shortcomings, positivism's scientific foundation makes it a valuable tool for modern criminology.