Criminology Assignment 2022

Running Head: CRIMINOLOGY
Criminology
Name
Institution

CRIMINOLOGY 2
Criminology
Assignment 1
There is a mounting literature on the role of biological characteristics and the antisocial,
violence and criminal behavior among children in the society. Modern biological theorists in
criminology explore the whole range of biological characteristics towards the cause of criminal
behavior, comprising those that emanate from genetic defects. Explanations of human behavior
regarding heredity can traced back to ancient times and are founded on the logic examination
that children tend to look like their parents in behaviors, look, as well as character (Dick, Adkins,
& Kuo, 2016). Charles Goring employed the novel statistical methods in the study of criminal
behavior and concluded that criminal behavior is inherited in much similar manner, as are
normal physical behaviors, as well as characteristics. This premise confirms that criminal
behavior or deviant behavior in children is inherited from the parents and that parents are
responsible for the criminal behavior of their children (Bjork, Chen & Hommer, 2012). Goring
further claimed there was greater relationships amid the rate and duration of incarceration of one
parent plus that of other amid the imprisonments of parents plus that of their children, as well as
amid the imprisonment of their brothers. Hence, Charles made the conclusion that criminality
(rate of imprisonment) was linked to inherited; however, not with environmental, traits, and
suggested that in order to lower crime rate, individuals with those inherited traits must not be
permitted to reproduce. This underscores the fact that parents that criminal behavior will
classically transmit the behavior to the children (Ferguson, 2010).

CRIMINOLOGY 3
Additionally, rebellious behavior frequently clusters in families, which suggests that both
hereditary factors besides family environment are some of the risk factors for the antisocial
manners. The twin, as well as adoption studies has been used to study the effect of inherited
genes on the criminal or antisocial manners. The study of comparative criminality of twins
shows the possibility of heredity playing a role, because in genetics, there is an unambiguous
difference between identical along with fraternal twins. Thus, the superior resemblance in
behavior when genetics is identical establishes a strong assumption that the similarity is due to
the control of heredity. Physiologists Johannes Lange in his report in 1929 indicated that in a
team of 13 pairs of male identical twins, whereby when single twin had a report of incarceration,
the other similarity had been incarcerated 77% of the cases; while in an analogous group of 17
pairs of fraternal twins, and when single twin had been incarcerated, the other twin a prison
record in only 12% of reported cases. This shows that there is a higher similarity of criminal or
antisocial behavior amongst identical twins compared to fraternal twins (Ficks & Waldman,
2014). This demonstrates that children will likely inherit criminal behavior from their parents.
Therefore, this means that parents should bear the responsibility of the criminal behaviors of
their children since they contribute to these behaviors in their children. The growing literature
continues to explore the relationship between criminality and heredity, where most of these
studies believe that children with criminal records can be traced back to their parents as shown in
twin and adoption studies (Ling, Umbach & Raine, 2019).
Assignment 2
O.J. Simpson case

CRIMINOLOGY 4
Event
On June 12, 1994, Nicole Simpson, the ex-wife of O.J Simpson and his acquaintance
were killed in front of Nicole’s residents. The two had been stabbed to death and displayed the
signs of defensive wounds on their hands, as well as forearms. Following some days of
investigation, several vital DNA samples established at the scene of crime had been analyzed by
the forensics that made the police officers to believe that Simpson was the main culprit in the
killing case. Simpson was a former US football start, actor, as well as football commentator.
Simpson travelled to Chicago on the fateful might when the killing took place; therefore, the
police contacted the suspect and informed him concerning the killing and he immediately rushed
home. As the police on tracking him so that he gets arrested, he entered into a friend’s vehicle
leading the police officers to chase him. Simpson was in the back sit of the car with a gun at him
saying he was going to kill himself. Following many hours of confrontation, the chase eventually
ended with police cars and 15 helicopters engaged in the chase of the suspect when Simpson
finally surrendered to the police officers at his home (Walton & Chau, 2018).
Verdict of the Case
Simpson’s trial was one of the most famous and followed case in the history of world,
especially in America. Simpson was officially charged in court on July 1994 in which he pleaded
of being innocent. In 1995, Simpson trial started for the killing of his ex-wife, plus her pal,
Ronald Goldman, both who were found with several knife wounds, with Lance Ito as the leading
attorney in the case involving murder. The Los Angeles district lawyer’s office that was led by
Marcia, as well as Darden, stressed the violence on his wife, which had happened before and