Criminology Study Material with Solved Assignments and Essays

CRIMINOLOGY

Table of Contents
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.....................................................................................................1
1: Research the role of Criminal Psychology in Australia – on what a criminal psychologist
does, where they will work, and what sort of tasks they have concerning their job?............1
2: Define crime – on how do we define crime?......................................................................1
3: Write on euthanasia following:..........................................................................................2
4: Explain the nature-nurture debate concerning crime?........................................................2
5: A) Why are twin studies and adoption studies important when studying crime?..............2
B) What do twin studies and adoption studies tell us about how crime is related to nature and
the environment?....................................................................................................................3
6: Write a summary of Jeffrey Dahmer - who they were, what they did, their crimes, their
childhood, and so on?.............................................................................................................3
7: A) Using the biological and environmental theories to explain crime, explain why you think
the person you discussed in question 6 became a criminal?..................................................4
B) Overall, that model/explanation do you think most accurately explains why the person you
mentioned in questions 6 & 7 became a criminal? There is no “right” answer here but explain
why you have come to your conclusion.................................................................................4
8: Define serious crime?.........................................................................................................5
9: Give five examples of serious crimes?...............................................................................5
10: Imagine you are giving a lecture to adults about the murder that is a two-page handout on
the topic covers.......................................................................................................................5
11: Do you think this behavior is stalking, or could it be regarded as “normal” pursuit
behavior that follows after a relationship has broken down?.................................................6
12: Carry out more research on this family and write a one-page essay on the Kallikak family .
................................................................................................................................................6
13: Define learning disabilities...............................................................................................7
14: Explain in about half a page why people with learning disabilities may not fully
understand that their behaviour is a crime..............................................................................7
15: Outline three criticisms of IQ tests...................................................................................8
16: Define psychopathology...................................................................................................8

17: Define personality disorder. List four examples of personality disorders.......................8
18: Write an essay on the personality disorder - Narcissistic – exaggerated self-worth, need
for admiration, grandiose........................................................................................................8
19: List four signs that shown in childhood that may indicate a child has the potential to
develop an antisocial personality disorder.............................................................................9
20: What is the prognosis for individuals with an antisocial personality disorder or
psychopathy............................................................................................................................9
21: Carry out library or internet research on the differences between females and males
committing the crime of shoplifting. Submit an essay on the findings from your set task. .10
22: Following on from question 21, why do you think these differences have occurred.....10
23: Write an information leaflet about sexual assaults in men and women that could be
provided to victims of assault. In your document address the following.............................10
24: Briefly explain how misunderstandings can arise because of how society and people
individually view sexual assault on men and women?.........................................................11
25: In Australia find out the rates of criminal behavior among young people. Submit your
findings.................................................................................................................................11
26: Define the term “young offender”..................................................................................11
27: What are the differences in offending between male and female young people............11
28: What factors are thought to influence whether a young person becomes an offender...12
29: Write an essay on how the police use psychology in their work. You may look at this topic
generally or focus on a particular area, such as eyewitness testimonies, criminal profiling, and
so on......................................................................................................................................12
30: Why is crime thought to be socially constructed?..........................................................12
31: Why are eyewitness testimonies not always considered to be reliable? Use relevant
psychological theory and research to support your answer..................................................12
32: Show two or three people you know a photograph/short video of a random person for five
seconds. Then take the image away. An hour later, ask them to describe the person or what
happened. Write down what they say. Then look at how accurate they were. If it is not
possible to ask other people to do this, carry out the test on yourself, perhaps looking at a
random face in the newspaper or online. Write a short report on your findings from the set
task........................................................................................................................................13

33: Write an essay (up to 2 pages or 500 words) on the impact of stereotyping in the
courtroom. First, carry out library or internet research into stereotyping in the courtroom and
use these findings.................................................................................................................13
34: Define juror authoritarianism.........................................................................................14
35: Define juror locus of control..........................................................................................14
36: A: Explain in one paragraph the idea of “belief in a just world”...................................14
B: How could “belief in a just world” affect how we view people on trial?........................14
37: Define punishment.........................................................................................................14
38: Explain the difference between punishment and negative reinforcement......................15
39: Write an essay on the type of punishments used in Australia. Research the means of
punishment used within Australia. Consider what model of punishment it is. Give examples
..............................................................................................................................................15
40: Define, in a paragraph or two for each, the following terms: Rehabilitation model of
punishment, Education model of punishment, An eye for an eye, and mirror punishment?16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................18

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1: Research the role of Criminal Psychology in Australia – on what a criminal psychologist does,
where they will work, and what sort of tasks they have concerning their job?
Criminal psychologists used to study the behavior and motivation of criminals inspire them to
commit crimes. As per this, they are usually researched to understand the psychology of
criminals and their behavior before committing any crime. Moreover, they used to determine
why crimes are occurring, and they are usually consulting with the policy authority and
department to identify the suspects or to provide expert testimony that is major associated with
court cases, moreover, the criminal psychologist also may be engaging and indulge with the
criminal profiling. Moreover, as criminal psychologists usually analyze the criminal after or
before committing a crime, they used to evaluate the motive of the crime and what are the
rationale and significance allow a criminal to commit a crime on such a level may render create
destruction of ethics and humanity. While taking the contrast of purpose and their role in generic
to specific, it is evaluated criminal psychologist helps to look into thoughts, intent, purpose and
the action is based on the felons and all that builds the criminals behavior. In this, they can reveal
the important facts are stated about the criminal to help in such as breakthrough that is based on
cases. They play a vital role in making understanding criminals and their behavior may be
helpful to demise their brain activity is become psychologically criminals (Barrio and et. al.,
2022).
2: Define crime – on how do we define crime?
In simple language, a crime is defined as an act that is unlawful in the manner and has some of
the certain punishment by the authority that is based on state and other major regulatory law
based department. In this, the term crime has a simple and accepted definition that is conducted
with a motive that is unethical for the human right and breaks the law that has standard and
formulated to maintain the social and community balance. In other words, the crime is also
defined as an act that is maybe transgression and omission that is a breach of the law that is
usually because it has aggressive behavior for the society is punishable by the law of the state of
authority. Crime is usually considered and stealing something, harming some with an intention or
creating such condition may harm someone in such a level maybe die. Moreover, crime has no
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standard definition but it is completely an unethical approach that is used to violate the law and
harm the right of humans, and their rights come under the progression of law.
3: Write on euthanasia following:
 Explain what it is.
 Explain why it is thought to be a crime.
 Explain why others consider it not to be a crime.
 Explain your viewpoint.
Moreover, the euthanasia of this is to describe that the crime is done by criminals have their
motive may be money or something and it is done to harm someone. These all phenomena are
violating the law due to the behavior that is based on unethical manner. To implement such kind
of law within community and society is to create and formulate quality of life and people need to
under their boundaries and they do not harm someone in such intention to kill and violate their
rights. This is thought to be a crime because they are violating the rules and regulations that may
create harm with the number of people norms and their values and the societal moral and norms
is conducted to preserve the humanity among people for others. In this, the other is considered to
be a crime because every single lane of ethics and morality have their values. These values and
ethics and their rationale and significance that is mentioned in such a way that provides the
aspect and generate right for the people who live in community and social group (Brisman and
et. al., 2018).
4: Explain the nature-nurture debate concerning crime?
They are involving with the belief that the social environment is act as the main reason why
people or any individual commit crime. In other hand, crime occurs and is fostered by the
biological traits that is eventually lead to develop behaviour associated with criminal activity.
5: A) Why are twin studies and adoption studies important when studying crime?
The twin, adoption, and family studies are defined as the most appropriate and common method
that is helpful to test on criminals to identify if there is any type of correlation is demonstrated.
As per this, while analyzing the criminal behavior that there is adopted children, their biological
and adoptive parents are usually used that is used to recommend for this experiment. Twin
studies are helping to support the contention that based on heritable traits may enhance the risk
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