Critical Analysis of Case Study 2022

Running Head: CRITICAL ANALYSIS 1
Critical Analysis of Case Study
Name of Student
Name of Professor
Institution Affliation
Date

CRITICAL ANALYSIS 2
Question 1
Biopsychosocial, cultural and spiritual impact on Ted and his family
Biological factors
From the case study, it is clear that Ted has diabetes type 2. Research indicates that there
is a close relationship between genetics and diabetes type 2. The probability of inheriting
diabetes type 2 is very high, and hence there is a real potential that one of Ted family members
had the condition, and that is why it affects him (Jonkman et al., 2016, p. 55-68). Immediately
after the surgery, Ted's blood glucose level is low because he has not eaten for several days, and
hence the body does not have enough energy. The condition will, however, improve once his
health improves, and he can eat and is free of abdominal pain. The other biological factor which
could impact on him after the surgery is that he has hypertension. This is the condition where the
patient has high blood pressure. The pain experienced after the surgery and the stress that the
patient might experience could lead to an increase in his blood pressure.
Psychological
The temporary colostomy might impact on the patient psychologically because it is
associated with stigma in society. Ted might get stressed and stigmatized and feel as if he won't
get well, and this could affect his recovery.
Social
Ted's wife died three years back, and his children live far away from him. Lack of social
support could, therefore, affect Ted after the surgery. However, he has a 78-year-old partner

CRITICAL ANALYSIS 3
called Gwen, who he met at the retirement home, and she could offer much needed social
support.
Spiritual
Spiritual leaders can greatly assist Ted in recovery by helping him to remain positive and
optimistic at the time when he is facing health challenges. This will be a major positive step
towards his recovery.
Question 2
The main priority health problem that Ted is experiencing is colorectal cancer. The case
study indicates that Ted had undergone biopsy and colposcopy, which indicated that he had a
malignant tumor. This is a clear indication that he had colorectal cancer, which eventually
resulted in the operation to remove the cancerous tumor. Colorectal cancer is believed to arise
from two types of precursor polyps through two pathways, which include conventional
adenomas and serrated adenomas, which arise from mutation of the APC genes ( Gessler,
Eriksson & Angenete, 2017, p. 549-556).Once one cancerous cell develops in the large
intestines, it reproduces and divides and hence resulting in the spread of the cancer growth to
other tissues around the area, which was initially affected. Surgery and chemotherapy are,
therefore, one of the main interventions to treat this condition. The genes progress slowly and
eventually end up becoming cancer. Apart from genetic causes of the disease, researchers believe
that environmental factors also contribute to the development of colorectal cancer. Some of the
environmental factors which cause an increased risk of colon cancer include obesity, diet, old
age, African- American race, and inflammatory intestinal conditions (Hof et al., 2016, p. 1055-
1062).

CRITICAL ANALYSIS 4
The other major health concern for Ted is heart failure. Heart failure is a chronic
condition where the heart fails to pump blood around the body properly due to the damage
caused by the muscles of the heart. The heart becomes inefficient due to high blood pressure,
which comes as a result of the increased narrowness of arteries and other blood vessels. The
arteries become narrow due to accumulation of cholesterol and hence meaning that the blood
being pumped from the heart is moving at a higher pressure than usual (Kelly, Reidlinger,
Hoffmann & Campbell, 2016, p. 1693-1702). Due to this reason, the heart adapts and uses more
force to pump the blood, and hence it is overworked. Over time, due to the excess work, the heart
becomes inefficient, and the patient can suffer serious health consequences. Some of the causes
of heart failure include coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, faulty valves of the heart,
cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, and congenital heart defects. Researchers indicate that the risk of
heart failure increases when a person is overweight has diabetes or has suffered a heart attack
previously (Tanner et al., 2016, p. 270-274). The risk of heart failure also increases with age.
From the case study, it is safe to conclude that Ted is suffering from this condition because he is
obese, and diabetes is also a major contributing factor.
The third health priority problem that Ted is experiencing is diabetes type 2. Diabetes
type two is a chronic condition that affects the metabolism of the body. This condition affects the
ability of the body cells to absorb and utilize glucose in the body, which comes from the
consumption of food. Either the body becomes resistant to insulin, or the body does not produce
enough insulin and hence resulting in excess glucose in the bloodstream (Bullard et al., 2019, p.
629-636). Diabetes has long been associated with older adults, but recently, the cases of the
condition among young people have been increasing. The researcher associates the condition
with hereditary genes as well as environmental factors. Some of the factors which increase the