Critical Analysis of Determinants and Prevalence of Burnout in Emergency Nurses

Running head: CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Critical Analysis
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Introduction
The following paper aims to critically appraise the a systematic review paper based on
the The Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) critical analysis tool for the systematic review. The
paper selected for the review is Adriaenssens, J., De Gucht, V., & Maes, S. (2015).
Determinants and prevalence of burnout in emergency nurses: a systematic review of 25
years of research. International journal of nursing studies, 52(2), 649-661. Critical care
nurses mainly suffer from the compassion fatigue and burnout due to work-related pressure
and lack of proper reward (Moss et al, 2016). Such that analysis of the prevalence and the
determinant of the burnout will help frame proper human resource management for the
nursing professional in the critical care unit.
JBI: Critical analysis
Review Problem Focus Question
Answer 1
Yes
The review of interest has two discrete questions. The first question deals with the
examination of the degree of burnout in the emergency care nurse. The second issue is to
specify the determinants (both personal and professionals) associated with burnout of the
nursing professionals (Adriaenssens, De Gucht & Maes, 2015). According to Butler, Hall and
Copnell (2016) the question of the review is a critical step in the process of conduction of the
systematic review. A review question must be designed in such a way that it clearly defined
the main population of interest along with the issue or the interventions, which will be
studied. The research question designed by Adriaenssens, De Gucht and Maes (2015) has a

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CRITICAL ANALYSIS
defined set of population, that is emergency care nurse and a definite set of issue that will be
studied in the research, degree of burn out and determinants of burnout. Butler, Hall and
Copnell (2016) further stated that having a clear question of the review helps the reader toget
an overview of the scope of the research.
Literature Search
Answer 2
Yes.
Parahoo (2014) stated that in order to conduct a systematic review, it is the duty of the
authors to specify the databases that have been used for the search of the literary articles. As
per the guidelines of the JBI systematic review critical appraisal framework, a systematic
review must have a proper inclusion and exclusion criteria for the search of the literary
articles. Aveyard (2014) stated that having a clear plan for conducting the search of the
literary articles helps to save a lot of time while decreasing the chance of getting irrelevant
information. The main inclusion criteria used for the search is articles published during the
last 25 years. Coughlan et al. (2013) further stated that in order to generate evidence based
practice, the analysis of the articles published in the last two decade provides an importance
source of information. Other inclusion criteria include articles published in English and
articles whose main scope of research is associated with emergency nurses and burnt.
Parahoo (2014) stated that in systematic review, the keys used for the database search must
be defined. Adriaenssens, De Gucht and Maes (2015) had a definite set of keywords to the
search of the articles. They also used MESH terms in PubMed search that helped to increase
the relevancy of the search.
Answer 3
Yes.

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CRITICAL ANALYSIS
The systematic review provided the evidence of the search strategy. Adriaenssens, De
Gucht and Maes (2015) have taken help of the flow diagram in order to explain the search
strategy in detail. According to Brooks and McNeely (2013) the use of the flow chart to
explain the search strategy and search statistics in details help to promote transparent
reporting of the systematic review. As per the definition of the Cochrane Collaboration, the
role of the systematic review is to synthesize all the empirical evidence in order to answer a
particular research question. In order to reduce the chances of the bias, the design and the
illustration of the methodology must be explicitly. The search strategy and the search
statistics designed by the authors must be replicable in order to increase the overall validity of
the search. Adriaenssens, De Gucht and Maes (2015) have used the tabular representation of
the selected articles in the annotated bibliographic format which helped to increase the
overall reliability of the research. Finally the author included only 17 articles for the final
review section. Inclusion of the 17 articles within the first 25 years can be considerate as a
limitation of the results this it because, small sample size in the review leads to biased
outcome (Parahoo 2014).
Answer 4
Unclear
According to (), a systematic review must be structured in such a way that it attempts
to identify all the available source of information with the use of the comprehensive search
strategy. Selection of the research articles for the last 25 years by Adriaenssens, De Gucht
and Maes (2015) highlighted the need to conduct a comprehensive research by recruiting all
the relevant research articles. The main databases used by Adriaenssens, De Gucht and Maes
(2015) include NCBI PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge, Informa HealthCare,
Picarta, Cinahl and Scielo. Polit and Beck (2014) stated that NCBI and PubMed are two
gamut sources of the literary articles and thus increase the probability of getting relevant hits.