Conflict and Negotiation (MGMT) - Strategy, Tactics, and Anger Report

This report, prepared for a Management course, delves into the critical comparison and contrast between strategy and tactics, providing clear definitions and practical examples to illustrate their differences in the context of business and conflict resolution. The report further explores four distinct situations where students commonly experience anger, analyzing the potential causes and impacts of these emotional responses. It highlights the importance of negotiation tactics, such as integrative negotiation, in managing conflicts effectively and achieving mutually beneficial outcomes. The analysis covers various scenarios, including academic performance disparities, interpersonal conflicts, cyberbullying, and parental expectations, offering insights into the psychological and social dimensions of anger and its management in student life. The report emphasizes the application of appropriate negotiation skills and the importance of seeking support and employing healthy coping mechanisms to mitigate the negative consequences of anger.

Running head: MANAGEMENT
Conflict and Negotiation
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author’s Note:

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Critically comparison and contrast between strategy and tactics....................................................3
Experiences on anger.......................................................................................................................5
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................6
References........................................................................................................................................8

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Introduction
Strategy and tactics are two different terms and also have different meanings. It must be
noted that a company usually has to use both strategies and also tactic based on the situation that
the company is facing. A strategy is like a game plan or a master plan that is used by the
company to overcome some issues in a long period. Taiwo, Lawal, and Agwu (2016) have stated
in a similar context that a strategy is used by any business organization to accomplish their long
term business goals and objectives or their mission and vision (Geiger, 2017).
Critically comparison and contrast between strategy and tactics
A tactic, on the other hand, is a method of fulfilling the strategy for a specific need. It can
be defined as an objective or any particular kind of event that must be used to reach any
particular desired end. The strategy is like a blueprint of the company that can be used to reach
its long term goals and objectives (Andrzejewski & Askia, 2018). However, on the other hand, it
can be said that a tactic is used to get an immediate result and not the ultimate result. There are
many ups and downs in all business organizations. A tactic can be defined as a quick action or a
quick move that the company or the organization can take to ensure that they are being able to
overcome that situation. There can be several tactics develop for implementing or using a single
strategy. For instance, if a company sets a goal of increasing its sales volume by 50% in the
coming year then it will naturally have to take many different strategies to satisfy its business
goals (Young, 2018). At the same time, they will have to beat their competitors as well.
Therefore the company can formulate many different strategies like
Increasing the online sales by driving more visitors to the company website, trying to get
some repeat purchases from the same customers which may also increase customer loyalty and
other many other such strategies (Nazifi, El-Manstrly & Gelbrich, 2019).
However, it must be noted that to fulfill these strategies the company also has to develop some
kinds of tactics (Mackay & Zundel, 2017). Some quick plans have to be developed by the
managers and the other professionals of the company so that they can implement and succeed in
their strategies to reach their goals.

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The strategy of driving more online sales or bringing more online traffic can be reached by using
the following tactics
 Launch some interesting advertisements on Facebook during the lunch breaks of the
students, college-goers or the office people. This tactic will be useful for the company as
they can specifically hit their target or their strategy of driving more online traffic to their
website.
 The other tactic that can be used by the company is to develop its website content with
the keywords and images that would match the current lifestyle or the preference patterns
of their customer.
 The other tactic can be email messages or sending some customized personalized text
messages via SMS or the WhatsApp chat to give some interesting offers and discounts.
This would create a personal appeal and also attract the attention of the customers. This
would be helpful to ensure that tech-savvy customers will be following the link and
looking for the details of the product and the offer as well.
 A tactic is also used in case of solving the day to day conflicts that arise. A company may
have the strategy of providing a 100% customer care service. However, if the customer is
into a harsh quarrel with the shoppers, the right negotiating tactic has to be used. In other
words, if a customer says that he is not satisfied with the quality of rice he brought last
day and wants a full refund, however, the company policy does not allow the customer
care executive to arrange for a full refund immediately, then there is an issue. This issue
has to be solved with the right negotiation tactic. The integrative negotiation tactic must
be used (Hubain et al., 2016). This is the method that talks about the long term goal
setting and long term relationship development. This is because by using this tactic, the
negotiator will be able to use a compromising approach and will look after some mutual
gains (Abdul Rahman, Choe & Park, 2017). In this mentioned example, the negotiator
will be arranging for a replacement of the item along with 50percent of the compensation
that is a refund of 50% and not the whole. In this way, both the customer and the
customer care executive will be able to stay in a mutually beneficial state and the dispute
will also be solved (Nazifi, El-Manstrly & Gelbrich, 2019).

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Experiences on anger
One situation that students might face in life after expressing anger is while getting fewer
marks than in comparison to their friends. This can happen if two classmates have studied the
same class notes and also given an equal amount of effort. However, the one who gets fewer
marks may lose his or her temper and shouts on the other. This, in turn, will give rise to a very
bad situation in the classroom. The student who has got better marks will also be enraged and
will start replying in self-defense. During the examination results, all the students and teachers
stay busy as they have to see the answer papers and check the counting of marks. However on
the other hand, if one student starts shouting in anger this will surely create a very bad situation.
This will hurt the mind and the well being of other students in the class (Halberstadt et al., 2018).
Shouting out of anger will not only impact the student who is angry but also the other students
and the teachers as well.
During such a situation, proper negotiation skills must be used by the negotiator. In such
a case, the teacher usually has to take up the role of the negotiator. This is because a teacher in
such a situation will use the Integrative Negotiation or Win-Win Approach. This can be done by
encouraging and appreciating both the students on their achievements. The one who has got
fewer marks must be appreciated by the teacher for his other accomplishments like sports,
drawing. On the other hand, the one who has got more marks must be appreciated for his brilliant
performance and also must be given the duty of helping and supporting his friend to study hard
and get good marks in the next exam.
Students also have the experience of developing a negative impact on their physical well
being after expressing anger. This can take place when a student is getting stressed and frustrated
after getting angry. This can take place if the student is not able to share his feelings with his
parents or any of friends but only keeps on storing the same within him. In such a case the
student will not be able to find an outlet to let go of his anger and this will create a very bad
impact on him. This can give rise to a very negative impact around the student which can result
in symptoms like skipping the meals, shutting himself up in the room for long hours and other
such aspects. In such times there is the fear that the student may fall unconscious or may also

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suffer from lack of enough nutrition or strength. In such cases, parents must try to appear in a
very friendly manner with that child and try to provide the needed moral support.
Often student suffers from many incidences of cybercrime as well. This can happen
because in the modern-day scenario students are getting open access to the internet and have to
use it for much academic purpose as well (Zsila et al., 2019). This can also happen that they
might become the victims of bullying via the other malicious users on the internet. If they are not
able to share these experiences with their parents or any others like friends or teachers then this
has a very bad impact on them (Stark & Flaherty, 2017). They often develop symptoms like
sudden violent behavior of hurting themselves with knives or any other such materials. This will
surely result in something very dangerous. Therefore parents or other family members must
always keep a close and friendly relation with their children so that they can notice if there is any
sudden change in the usual or the normal behavior of the child. This will stop the students from
hurting themselves and also get a proper solution to their problems.
Students also become angry when their parents have a huge expectation from them and
keep on comparing them with others. It must be noted that this can have a very harmful impact
on the child and also on the rest of the classmates with whom they are comparing. Different
individuals have different ways of expressing their anger. If a child is constantly being scolded
by his parents and also being compared with any particular classmate for not having performed
well like him, then this will give rise to huge anger within the child. This might result in an
emotional outburst and the student can become violent towards the other classmate with whom
he is being compared. This can make the student lash out or beat his friend out of anger. This is
because there is always a lack of open, trusting communication among the parents and the
students. In such cases, the teachers must immediately inform the concerned parents and ask
them to support their child rather than scolding him. They must also be sent for a family
counselling training session.
Conclusion
Therefore it can be concluded that, the negotiators must understand the situation and also
take the right approach in solving the same. They must try to help both the parties by using such
a tactic that will be mutually beneficial and also help to solve the situation in a proper way. It can

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be used even in case of business dealings and also for solving the personal issues like anger
management and others.

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References
Abdul Rahman, H., Choe, J. S., & Park, J. (2017). Offer Strategy Model of Integrative
Negotiation for Automated Negotiation Agent: Multiple Equivalent Simultaneous Offers
and Argumentation-based Negotiation.
Andrzejewski, C.E., & Askia, R.E. (2018). Reflections on Anger, Sadness, Fear, and Privilege in
the Wake of the Election: An Narrative Collage. Taboo: The Journal of Culture and
Education, 17(2), p.7.
Geiger, I. (2017). A model of negotiation issue–based tactics in business-to-business sales
negotiations. Industrial Marketing Management, 64, 91-106.
Halberstadt, A. G., Castro, V. L., Chu, Q., Lozada, F. T., & Sims, C. M. (2018). Preservice
teachers’ racialized emotion recognition, anger bias, and hostility
attributions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 54, 125-138.
Hubain, B. S., Allen, E. L., Harris, J. C., & Linder, C. (2016). Counter-stories as representations
of the racialized experiences of students of color in higher education and student affairs
graduate preparation programs. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in
Education, 29(7), 946-963.
Mackay, D., & Zundel, M. (2017). Recovering the divide: a review of strategy and tactics in
business and management. International Journal of Management Reviews, 19(2), 175-
194.
Nazifi, A., El-Manstrly, D., & Gelbrich, K. (2019). Customers’ reactions to different
organizational tactics in a service termination context. European Journal of Marketing.
Rahman, H. A., Choe, J. S., & Park, J. (2017). Offer Strategy Model of Integrative Negotiation
for Automated Negotiation Agent: Multiple Equivalent Simultaneous Offers and
Argumentation-based Negotiation. In PACIS (p. 97).
Stark, P. B., & Flaherty, J. (2017). The Only Negotiating Guide You'll Ever Need, Revised and
Updated: 101 Ways to Win Every Time in Any Situation. Crown Business.

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Taiwo, A. A., Lawal, F. A., & Agwu, E. (2016). Vision and Mission in Organization: Myth or
Heuristic Device?. The International Journal of Business & Management, 4(3).
Young, M. (2018). Fighting for Our Principles: Interests vs Values in Conflict
Resolution. Journal of Mediation & Applied Conflict Analysis, 5(1), 678-686.
Zsila, Á., Urbán, R., Griffiths, M. D., & Demetrovics, Z. (2019). Gender differences in the
association between cyberbullying victimization and perpetration: the role of anger
rumination and traditional bullying experiences. International Journal of Mental Health
and Addiction, 17(5), 1252-1267.