This assignment requires a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of different anesthetics used in surgery. The topics include the comparison of intraoperative esmolol and lignocaine infusions on postoperative analgesia, as well as other studies on the effects of lidocaine and magnesium on pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Additionally, it explores the benefits of intravenous lidocaine on post-operative pain and acute rehabilitation after laparoscopic nephrectomy. The assignment also examines the effect of perioperative esmolol on early postoperative pain through a systematic review and meta-analysis.