Cross-cultural management - Assignment PDF
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Added on 2021-06-18
Cross-cultural management - Assignment PDF
Added on 2021-06-18
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Cross-Cultural Management 1CROSS-CULTURAL MANAGEMENTBy (Name)Course Professor’s nameUniversity nameCity, StateDate of submission
Cross-Cultural Management 2IntroductionCulture is the knowledge and characteristics of a given set of people and it encompasses of the people’s music, social habits, religion, arts, cuisine, and language. Culture is further defined by the Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition as the mutual patterns of understanding and cognitive constructs as well as interactions and behaviors that are attained through socialization (D'andrade, Shweder and Le Vine 2004). Therefore, culture can be observed as the growth of a given set of individuals that are natured uniquely by their social patterns. Culture incorporates clothing, food, religion, marriage, beliefs, ethics, art, language and many other aspects. Cultural intelligence is the aspect of a person is capable of functioning effectively in matters of cultural diversity. Cultural intelligence is significant worldwide due to the increasing diversity of people in each of the continents (Earley and Ang 2003). Cross-culturalmanagement, on the other hand, is the ability to understand and manage the ethnic differences in multi-cultural and international business environments. In this assignment, the culture of Australia and South Africa is compared and contrasted. Similarities between the South African and Australian cultureMulti-culturalismAustralia and South Africa are multicultural nations, both nations have black and white races, an aspect that has brought about cultural diversity in both countries. The South African labels are not just based on the simple matter of black-and-white as the nation initially had various cultural groups that are said to have amalgamated to form the South African hybrid (Steward 2006). Australia is also a multiracial and multicultural nation with policies that embrace the shared cultural traditions and values (Inglehart 2018). The culture of Australia is
Cross-Cultural Management 3wide and greatly diverse, the Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal people have inhabited the country for many years paving a way to multiculturalism. LanguageEnglish is spoken in both Australia and South Africa. In Australia, most of the people in the country speak English as the first language, however, there is no single national language in Australia due to the increased diversity in the country. Apart from English other languages spoken in the country are; Greek, Arabic, Cantonese, Mandarin, and Italian (Riley 2007). There is also the indigenous language spoken by the Aboriginal people in Australia and it is said to be the main language for about 50,000 Aboriginals. South Africa has about 11 official languages which are; English (9.6%), Xhosa (16%), Afrikaans (13.5%), Ndebele (2.1%), Tswana (8%), Sepedi (9.1%), Venda (2.4%), Tsonga (4.5%), Southern Sotho (7.6%), SiSwati (2.5%) and Zulu 22.7%) (Sorokin 2017). The country has various language sets due to the increased diversity other languages spoken are Chinese, French, Greek and Italian (Sorokin 2017). SlaverySlavery was experienced in both Australia and South Africa. In Australia, there was the black birding of the people from the Aboriginal group, however, in most cases, the colonists in Australia used convicts to work on their farms. The people were made to work in cattle, pearling and sugar cane industries (Keesing Felix 2013). The workers were severely abused by their masters and the wages paid were very minimal and some were not paid at all. In South Africa, with colonialism, forced labor and slavery set in from the year 1652, the slavery in the country was brought by the Dutch with most of the South Africans being forced to work in plantation
Cross-Cultural Management 4fields. Most of the South Africans are thought to be the descendants of the slaves who were brought to the colony of Cape town in from 1653 to 1822 (Steward 2006). ReligionAustralia and South Africa are generally predominated by Christianity. Approximately 64% of all the people in Australia identify themselves as Christians, however, the Australian people are allowed to lawfully practice any religion of their preference (Steward 2006). The cultural diversity in Australia has been demonstrated through religion as all except three of the twenty-two major religions worldwide are practiced in the country. South Africa, just like Australia, has a higher percentage of Christians in the nation with other people being allowed to practice any religion of their preference. Most of the religions out of the major 22 religions in theworld have been practiced in South Africa (Nida 2005).MarriageThe South African and Australian culture allows marriage from any race. The interracial marriages are on a rise in South Africa, especially among the young individuals, this is because of the increased traveling abroad as well as the increase in the tourism activities in the country. Australia, just like South Africa, has experienced an increase in the interracial marriages as well as relations both in the older generations and among the youths (Sorokin 2017). The increase in the interracial marriages in the country is attributed to the increased traveling abroad as well as increased visitors coming to the country for educational, recreational purposes and for many other purposes. Same-sex marriages are legal in both Australia and South Africa. Australian multi-cultural policy has allowed the aspect of same-sex relationships and marriages among individuals
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