Comprehensive Report on UK Culture, Subcultures, and Postmodernity

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of UK culture, subcultures, and identity, examining various aspects from language and religion to social structures and economic factors. It delves into the functionalist and Marxist approaches to culture, offering sociological perspectives on how these theories shape societal understanding. The report explores post-war subcultures, including Teddy Boys and Beatniks, and investigates the relationships between white and black British youth subcultures such as Rastas, skinheads, and mods. Furthermore, it discusses the impact of postmodernity on culture and subculture, providing a holistic view of cultural dynamics in the UK. The report incorporates various academic sources to support its arguments and offers insights into the evolution and complexities of British society.

Culture and
Subculture in UK

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK...............................................................................................................................................4
Culture, subculture and identity of UK............................................................................................4
Functionalist and Marxist approaches to culture.............................................................................6
Post war subculture in relation with Teddy boys and Beatniks.......................................................7
Relation between the white and black British youth subcultures such as Rastas, skinheads and
mods.................................................................................................................................................8
Culture and subculture in relation with postmodernity...................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
As culture is known as the patter which indicates the human activity and this also indicates the
structure of symbolic as this also gives an importance an the significance of the society. As this
helps in better interaction and this also helps In competing with other cultures. This report is
about culture, identity and subculture of UK and this also involves various approaches which is
involved in there culture as this also involves the description about the war and the relationship
of white and black British and this also involves the description of subculture and culture in
relation with postmodernity. The analysation of this report is described below.

TASK
Culture, subculture and identity of UK
As in UK it involves Northern Ireland, England, Scotland and Wales as they has the better power
and influence in the Britain as this in the first half of 20th century as there empire was stretched
globally.
Language
In UK English is considered as the main spoken language as this is spoken by the 98%
population in UK as in there accent may differ from there south to north region and the other
languages which is spoken other than English are Welsh, Scottish Gaelic and Irish Gaelic. As the
other most spoken language in UK is Polish as next most common languages which is spoken in
UK are from Pakistan and India(Choi and Ha 2018).
Religion
As the religion which is found in UK is church of England and there are mostly Christian
Protestant faith and there is also an huge decline in Brittiany as from the middle of last century
and by this the population is having no religious connection and many of them population is
having the Christian religion and there are also minority religion of Buddhism, Islam, Sikhism
and Judaism.
Celebration
As they also celebrate their calendar holidays and this involves new year, easter Sunday,
Christmas day and good Friday. As there are many other celebrations which is bank holidays and
in the business, they are closed on Monday’s as this can be beneficial to the employees working
in the organisation(Chen and Lin 2020).
Family
As in their families there was known as the standard family as they are known as the British
families and in this they are basically comprised with two parents and in these families the father
is known as the head of household. Recently single families is building up their children as by
there own and couples are basically choosing co-habit rather than deciding to marry each other
as in UK mobility has also being changes from the last decade as youngers are deciding to live
by there own and without with there parents but there meet in family reunions and they stay
connected and keep regular communication with the children.

Social
There is a class system which is operated in UK and they has upper class society and they also
involve Aristocracy in the society as they also have the high ranked society and they also holds
the privilege, titles and wealth as in UK there are also middle class and working class society
will be found in the society. As working class is known as hard working and with no social life
and they are also born from an independent family and focusses on unskilled labour as this class
also have higher education and they has various opportunities which helps them in increasing
there mobility as there are also known as the privileged class of UK(Wang Guchait and
Pasamehmetoglu 2020).
Gender roles
As in UK make gender is dominated and there were many job which are man oriented as train
and business as they also deal with the financial working and in the sector of financial and bank
in the organisation as in UK women’s are basically accepted in police and military force and they
also champions there employment rights for women. As with the change in few years women’s
are getting equal division and equality in the workplace and also in the pay scales as UK
women’s takes all the responsibility by their own working from home to full time office.
Economy
As UK gross income is high and this is increased in millions as then moving to 2015 it has shift
to billions and now the economy is reaching to the heights as this has benefited all the business
and society in an effective manner and resulted more profit the organisation and has also
benefited the people living in UK(Elbaz and Iddik 2020).
Food
There are various traditional beers and foods which is specialised in UK as they has there chips
and fish considered as the most iconic dish and in there in most of the foods they are having the
options of meat in there in the form of beef, chicken, pork and lamb and with two kind of
vegetables and this involves potatoes and root vegetables.
Taboos
As there are many activities which is considered as taboos in UK as resting with the elbow Is not
allowed in table and staring someone is also not allowed in UK. Being overfriendly with the not
knowing people is also not allowed and not asking of any personal questions like earning of

voted and it is not allowed to cut someone’s conversation and also can’t speak at loud
voices(Xenikou 2022).
Types of culture
High culture
High culture is known as the experience that indicates the high class of society and the people
who are connected with high culture are basically the part of elite class and also have the
political power and they also attends the opera and the ballet in weekends as high culture also
involves affluence and the high education as they also have the involvement in the literature and
arts as in UK high culture society people as they has the involvement in red carpet events, opera,
classic music, auctions, art exhibition, theatre and ballet.
Mass culture
Mass culture is basically the concept of all the mythos, power, behaviours and phenomena as this
is difficult in resisting and this also helps in various industrial techniques and this also spend a
large part in the market. As this involves various activities and practices which is bases in the
modern societies and this also uses various ways for better commercial advertising.
Folk culture
Folk culture is basically known as the traditions and the beliefs and this is presented within the
group and it also has an preserved language as this is also known as the way by which people
interpretates these saying and this also involves the learning as folk culture is basically the
language which is spoken in society as the main language spoken in UK is English and other
than that Welsh is the second language which is spoken in UK.
Popular culture
Popular culture is known as the practices of any object or belief which has their social system as
this also involves the entertainment, trends, linguistic convention, media object and fashion. This
is also known as the pop culture and these kinds of industries also involve the involvement of
comics, book publishing, radio, film, television, internet and video games. As in UK the pop
culture was started at the time of Beatles and this was arrived with Liverpool music and at that
time there was a huge craze as they also known as the Beatle mania. As there are some of the
activities which are seen on the daily basis as in the form of Britpop, Garage, grunge and hip
hop.

Subculture
Subcultures is known as the value and the norms as they are districted and aside from the
majority and this also forms an group with the same interest and become and form a large culture
as in UK there are various subcultures which has formed the group as Punks was one of them
and they looked colourful with dig collars and black leather jackets and with here ripped fabrics
as they stand against gentle rebellion. Goths was also a subculture of UK as this was known as
the preppy bright trend and elements are in the fashion and they also wore silver jewellery,
corsets and cloaks.
Functionalist and Marxist approaches to culture
Functionalist approach
As functionalism is found by the Herbert Spencer and this is considered as the culture and this
interrelated as a whole and this is not the collection of any isolated traits of UK society as in an
human all the organs are interrelated with each other for the better functioning of the body and
similarly the society is interconnected with all the cultural parts for the better and effective
functioning of the society in the country as this basically examines the cultural phase which is
interrelated with each cultural aspects and this also impacts in the system of the society and
impacts the society(Adeinat and Abdulfatah 2019). As this approach is basically formed for
emphasizing the social transformation of the society as the can also be replace by many cultural
changes as this is done for the better analysation of the culture and this also helps in the better
development of the strategies which is formed related to the culture if the society as this method
is basically based on the direct observation and this is also don in the fieldwork and this also
helps in describing the cultural institution and this also builds up the society and also explains the
function on the social basis and this approach also helps in changing the cultural and the
traditional of the society. As this also impact in the cultural traits and this also helps in
preserving and this also helps in social structure and this also helps in developing the interest and
contrast in the approach.
Marxist approach
This is the approach which is an economic, social and political philosophy and this also
examines all the impacts of capitalism which is on the economic development, labour and the
productivity of the development and this also helps in the worker revolution as this also

overturns the favour of communism and this also indicates the struggle in between the social
classes of UK and this this is specifically in between the workers, capitalists and proletariat and
this also defines the better economic relation and this also helps the economy for the better
revolutionary communism(Zamlynskyi and Teliukh 2018). This theory basically portrays the
capitalism in the historical progression and this also indicates the economic system which helps
in the natural sequence of the society as this also creates the conflicts in the social classes and
this also helps in dividing the members and the social classes of the other members of the society
as they also controls the production and the workers and this also helps in transforming the
commodities in the valuable economy goods as this involves the production of materials,
building, powers and factories and this is also leads in high unemployment rate in the society and
for maximising the profit the owners of the organisation also pays the labour cost and the
possible lowest wages to there employees in UK as this also imbalances all the labour and the
extra wages for gaining there own benefits for exploiting the owners. As they also employ the
banking, media, government, religion, financial system and banking for attaining the goal and
this also gives the privilege and power to their position in a an effective manner as these are
factors in this theory that can impact in the culture of society(Idris 2018).
Post war subculture in relation with Teddy boys and Beatniks
Teddy boy
Teddy boys or teds is known as the are the British youth subculture and they were interested in
the roll and rock and this involves R&B music and the party clothes are also involved by various
styles and there are inspired and worn by Dandies and there were various tailors and they also re
attempted in the second world war. As this was also started in teenagers and this has spread in
UK and they are also associated with the rock and roll of the music as this has also impacted in
the fashion industry of UK and this involves the long jackets and the tapered trousers as at the
starting it was not popular in the targeted market but later become the trend in UK. This has later
become the youth group and named the fess code as the scuttles as teddy boys was known as the
first youth group in UK and they also had differentiated them from the teenagers and this also
helps in better creation of the youth market(Modha 2020). As later teds also formed the gangs and
has also gained all the violent clashes and this also unprovoked the attacks on the immigrants as
after this all the teddy boys were armed behind the bars. There clothing involves drape jackets,

zoot suits and this was basically on the dark shade and also in the shade of velvet as this was
made on the hig expense and this can also be paid in instalments and this also involves various
footwear and this is highly polished and this also involves crepe soled and oxfords and this also
involves various hairstyles and this also involves the strong and this also involve the greased up
hair. As this has impacted in the youth of UK in previous times.
Beatniks
This is the literary movement and this is also started in the group and this is also influenced and
explored the politics of American culture in post war era and these elements and this also present
the culture and this also helps in rejecting the standard and the narrative values and this also
helps in the rejection and economic materialism and this also explicit and the portrayals and tis
also involves the explorations and this is also the beat literature(Opuszynski and Shireman 2019) .
This is also the generalizing the social circle for characterizing all he gatherings and this was the
Beat generation as this was the book which is invented and involves the American culture and
this also generally this certain helps in the movement and this also helps in relating the ability
and this also helps in the frameworks and efforts and this also involves various efforts and this
also helps in simplifying and this also involves the comprehensible package and this is the
establishment and this also came out from the social media and this basically refers to there
literature, culture and the attitude as this has all the emotional and dissatisfaction feeling.
Relation between the white and black British youth subcultures such as
Rastas, skinheads and mods.
Rastas
This is a culture which was in Britain and this also becomes prominent and this involves various
subcultures in it and this was also identifies as distinctive and they was also embracive to the
society and this post was also has immigrated and also gains an economic advantage at the global
scale and this helps in the better accumulation of maintain the profit as in this the black people
were felt as the victims and this also has the popular culture of the society and they never has the
connection with the Africans and this was also felt them as disillusioned with the belongings and
towards the inhabitants as in this they cannot negotiate elements of mugging and highlighted the

black youth subculture an d this was also an moral panic to the black people(Gong and
Subramaniam 2020).
Skinhead
This was the youth subculture and this was also categorised aggressively and with the masculine
dress and hair styles as this also involves heavy boots and the shaved heads as skinheads was the
extreme at right win and was the nationalist and in politics all the skinheads was not racists as
theory were also prone to the violence and they also viewed as the subculture and they were later
also drawn into the nationalist and they has showed there racism with there music and they also
shoed up the street violence to making the society aware about the equal rights and due to which
antinuclear movement was also imposed for the nuclear weapons.
Mods
This was began in the London as this was also spread in all Britain as this had influenced the
trends and fashions of various countries as they also had focused on the music and these
subcultures are known as the root of th stylish group and there were many element which is
involves in the subculture and this also involves fashion and music with different variants like
rhythm and soul as there were the conflicts in between the rockers and the mods for the
increasing gravied and this also involves the pop culture and this also helps in the youth culture
and this has also impacted in the living of the society in an effective manner as this subculture
has suffered a lot in the late wars(Baird Su and Tung 2018).
Culture and subculture in relation with postmodernity.
As postmodern was the new sensibility and this was rejected by the cultural elitism of the
modernism and this was also a popular culture and this was also marked by the suspicion of the
popular acts and this was also as positive culture with the response of postmodern responsibility
and this also involves the revaluation of the culture and this area was also encourages with the
urban culture as this involves the science fiction, movies, commercial culture and pop music as
this is also an generational refusal and this also categorised with the certainties and with the high
moderatism.

CONCLUSION
This report has concluded that culture and sub culture of society matter for the better and
standard living of the society and according to the changes in times and war many things has
changes in the culture of UK and this has impacted in the society. As this also involves
institutions, art and beliefs which a population look after and this also went from various
generations as the culture is known as the living way of people in the society and this also
involves dress, belief, morality, system, codes of manner, religion, art, rituals and norm of
behaviour in the individual as this also impacts in the living structure and this also impacts in the
personality of individuals.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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Cultural & Strategic Management.
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Relationships with error management culture and service recovery performance. International Journal of
Hospitality Management, 89, p.102592.
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literature review and a proposal of a model. Management of Environmental Quality: An International
Journal.
Xenikou, A., 2022. Leadership and organizational culture. In Handbook of Research Methods for
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management efficiency. In Actual scientific research (pp. 170-174).
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employee’s performance: the study of disaster management and fire department in Palembang City,
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Modha, B., 2020. Leadership and management culture within dental practice: a case study. Leadership in
Health Services.
Opuszynski, K. and Shireman, J.V., 2019. HERBIVOROUS FISHES: Culture and Use for Weed
Management: Culture and Use for Weed Management. CRC Press.
Gong, M.Z. and Subramaniam, N., 2020. Principal leadership style and school performance: mediating
roles of risk management culture and management control systems use in Australian schools. Accounting
& Finance, 60(3), pp.2427-2466.
Baird, K., Su, S. and Tung, A., 2018. Organizational culture and environmental activity
management. Business Strategy and the Environment, 27(3), pp.403-414.